A field comparison of the modes of action of aldrin and mirex for controlling colonies of the leaf-cutting ants Atta Cephcdotes (L.) and Acromyrmex Octospinosus (Reich) (Formicidae, Attini)

AbstractTwo toxic baits, one containing aldrin and the other containing mirex, were compared for their effectiveness in killing field colonies of Atta cephalotes (L.) and Acromyrmex octospinosus (Reich) in Trinidad, West Indies. The fate of these two toxicants within tie nests was followed by using radiolabelled bait. Of the two baits, mirex appeared to be more acceptable to both species of ant. With Acromyrmex, the ratio of living to dead fungus gardens was not affected by the bait used, whereas with Atta there was a significant difference, aldrin killing many more gardens than mirex. For both species the proportion of medium-sized workers radiolabelled was significantly greater than for the other castes, and mirex marked greater numbers of all castes than did aldrin. Greatly different proportions of Atta workers were radiolabelled in the different fungus gardens of a nest with both baits. More radioactivity was detected in the fungus gardens treated with mirex, the difference being significant for Atta but not for Acromyrmex. Mirex bait particles incorporated into the fungus gardens were significantly smaller than aldrin bait particles, indicating different degrees of comminution by the ants.

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PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PRODUK DAN MINAT MENABUNG PADA LPD DESA ADAT TAJUN DENGAN DESA ADAT TEGAL

Agrisocionomics Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian ◽

10.14710/agrisocionomics.v4i1.5373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 59-67

Author(s):

Eka Swarnadi Luh ◽

Ketut Budi Susrusa ◽

Ida Ayu Listia Dewi

Keyword(s):

Product Quality ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Research Data ◽

The Other ◽

Physical Evidence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Better Than

LPDs are non-bank financial institutions that are regulated and approved by the Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali. The management of LPD is fully handed over to the relevant Pakraman village. In line with the rapid development of LPDs, it turns out that on the other hand it shows diverse performance, so that LPDs need to pay attention to the level of product quality and customer interest in the products offered. The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of product quality and interest in saving at the Tajun Traditional Village LPD with the Traditional Village of Tegal. The number of samples from Tajun Adat Village LPD was 98 people and the LPD of Tegal Traditional Village was 84 people. The research data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of the products of the Adat Village of Tajun LPD and the Traditional Village of Tegal. This difference is indicated by indicators of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The product quality of Tajun Adat Village's LPD is better than the traditional village of Tegal. There is a significant difference between the interest in saving the traditional village of Tajun LPD and the traditional village of Tegal. The difference is in the indicator of confidence. Interest in Saving Tajun Indigenous Village LPD is higher than the Traditional Village of Tegal.

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A comparison of animated versus static images in an instructional multimedia presentation

AJP Advances in Physiology Education ◽

10.1152/advan.00053.2015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 201-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

C. J. Daly ◽

J. M. Bulloch ◽

M. Ma ◽

D. Aidulis

Keyword(s):

Student Satisfaction ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

The Other ◽

Multimedia Presentation ◽

Still Images ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Essay Question ◽

The Difference ◽

Video Compositing

Sophisticated three-dimensional animation and video compositing software enables the creation of complex multimedia instructional movies. However, if the design of such presentations does not take account of cognitive load and multimedia theories, then their effectiveness as learning aids will be compromised. We investigated the use of animated images versus still images by creating two versions of a 4-min multimedia presentation on vascular neuroeffector transmission. One version comprised narration and animations, whereas the other animation comprised narration and still images. Fifty-four undergraduate students from level 3 pharmacology and physiology undergraduate degrees participated. Half of the students watched the full animation, and the other half watched the stills only. Students watched the presentation once and then answered a short essay question. Answers were coded and marked blind. The “animation” group scored 3.7 (SE: 0.4; out of 11), whereas the “stills” group scored 3.2 (SE: 0.5). The difference was not statistically significant. Further analysis of bonus marks, awarded for appropriate terminology use, detected a significant difference in one class (pharmacology) who scored 0.6 (SE: 0.2) versus 0.1 (SE: 0.1) for the animation versus stills group, respectively ( P = 0.04). However, when combined with the physiology group, the significance disappeared. Feedback from students was extremely positive and identified four main themes of interest. In conclusion, while increasing student satisfaction, we do not find strong evidence in favor of animated images over still images in this particular format. We also discuss the study design and offer suggestions for further investigations of this type.

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Comparing the Effects of Two Feeding Methods on Metabolic Bone Disease in Newborns with Very Low Birth Weights

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p249 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 249 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Asghar Lotfi ◽

Kobra Shiasi ◽

Razieh Amini ◽

Mohammad Jahangiri ◽

Mohammad Reza Sharif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Disease ◽

Serum Level ◽

Metabolic Bone Disease ◽

Serum Levels ◽

The Other ◽

Metabolic Bone ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Feeding Methods ◽

The Difference

INTRODUCTION: Bone metabolic disease is an important issue in newborns with very low birth weight. The 80 percent of the transport of calcium (Ca) and phosphor (P) from mother to fetus takes place in the third trimester of pregnancy. This transport process is impaired with the preterm delivery of the newborn. On the other side, breast milk and formula are not competent resources to supply sufficient amounts of Ca and P to meet the requirements of the preterm newborn, thereby a greater reduction in the storage of these minerals. The current study has been done with the purpose of comparing the effects of two feeding methods on the indices of metabolic bone disease in newborns with very low birth weights (VLBW). MATERIALS & METHODS: The study design was cohort and the study was done on a total of 58 newborns with very low birth weights in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. The newborns were divided into two groups with 29 placed in the group of alternate feeding on preterm formula (preNan) and the other 29 placed in the group of breast milk and preterm formula (preNan). Eventually, the indices of bone metabolic disease were measured in both groups and were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The difference between the mean serum levels of Ca in different weeks and also between the two groups were significant (p=0.001). However, the changes in mean serum level of P in the two groups were not significant (P=0.151). The comparison of serum levels of alkaline phosphatase between the two groups indicated that their difference was significant and that they had been influenced by the feeding method (P=0.001). The serum level of bicarbonate, when compared between the two groups, was found to make a significant difference (P=0.001). The difference between the two feeding methods in precipitating rickets and osteopenia was not significant. CONCLUSION: According to the findings of current study, feeding on preterm formula (preNan) is associated with better and more desirable results, though the occurrence of rickets in the two groups had no significant difference.

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Optical characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust) on glaciers: the relationship between light absorbency and the property of organic matter contained in the cryoconite

Annals of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/172756402781817743 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 409-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Nozomu Takeuchi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Humic Substances ◽

Visible Region ◽

The Other ◽

Optical Characteristics ◽

The Arctic ◽

Mineral Particles ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Chemical Conditions

AbstractOptical characteristics of the cryoconite collected from nine glaciers in the Himalaya, Tibet and the Arctic (Canada and Svalbard) were analyzed. The spectral light reflectance (visible region) of the cryoconite on the six glaciers in the Arctic and the Himalayawas generally low, indicating high light absorbency (dark coloration) of the cryoconite. In contrast, the spectral reflectances of the cryoconite on the three glaciers in Tibet were significantly higher than on the other glaciers. There was no significant difference in the spectral reflectance of mineral particles contained in the cryoconite between the Tibetan and the other glaciers, indicating that the difference in the albedo of the cryoconites is not due to the mineral particles, but due to organic matter contained in the cryoconite. Chemical analysis of the organic matter in the cryoconites revealed that the light absorbency of cryoconites is due to the amount of humic substances, which are dark-colored organic substances, the residue of bacterial decomposition of organic matter. The cryoconite of the three glaciers in Tibet contained significantly smaller amounts of humic substances than that of the other glaciers, probably due to different biological or chemical conditions. Results show that the formation of the humic substances in the cryoconite affects its optical characteristics, and possibly affects the surface albedo of the glaciers.

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Materials-Based Occupation versus Imagery-Based Occupation versus Rote Exercise: A Replication and Extension

The Occupational Therapy Journal of Research ◽

10.1177/153944929301300303 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 183-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

William P. DeKuiper ◽

David L. Nelson ◽

Bob E. White

Keyword(s):

Motion Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Residential Facilities ◽

The Other ◽

Vertical Distance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Distance Variable

Historically, occupational therapists have embedded exercise within occupation to enhance performance. In a recent study Lang, Nelson, and Bush (1992) compared the effects of materials-based occupation (kicking a balloon), imagery-based occupation (imagining kicking a balloon), and rote exercise on the number of exercise repetitions performed. This study extends that study by measuring the vertical distance and speed of the movement by means of Motion Analysis, Inc. digitization of videotape, in addition to exercise repetitions. The subjects included 24 women and 4 men between 76 and 98 years of age residing in residential facilities. All of the subjects experienced the three conditions but in different orders. After a statistically significant analysis of variance across the three conditions (p<.001), the Tukey procedure determined that the materials-based occupation condition elicited significantly more repetitions than the other two conditions. The difference between the imagery-based occupation and rote exercise was not statistically significant. Analyses of variance indicated no significant difference between conditions for both the vertical distance variable ( p=.074) and the speed variable ( p=.61).

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Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.24532.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 971

Author(s):

Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽

Nelly Norton ◽

Nechama Rosenberg ◽

Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽

Itzhak Fouxon

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

The Self ◽

The Other ◽

Occupational Structure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Standard Classification ◽

The Difference ◽

The Individual ◽

Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the self-collected database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

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A Detailed Analysis Of Clinical Measurement Error In Ultrafiltration In Peritoneal Dialysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-574330/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zanzhe Yu ◽

Zhuqing Wang ◽

Qin Wang ◽

Minfang Zhang ◽

Haijiao Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Measurement Error ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Pure Water ◽

The Other ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinical Measurement ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

The Difference

Abstract BackgroundIt has been noticed for years that ultrafiltration is important for survival in peritoneal dialysis. On the other hand, ultrafiltration measurement is much more complicated than it thought to be. Both overfill and flush before fill used to be source of measurement error. However, controversy finding around ultrafiltration in peritoneal dialysis still exists.MethodsFour different brands of dialysate were purchased from the market. The freshest dialysate available in the market were intentionally picked. The dialysate were all 2L, 2.5% dextrose and traditional lactate buffered PD solution. They were stored in four different conditions with controlled temperature and humidity. The bags were weight at baseline, 6 months and 12 months of storage. Specific gravity was measured in mixed 24 hour drainage dialysate from 261 CAPD patients in a cross sectional manner. ResultsThere was significant difference in dialysate bag weight at baseline between brands. The weight declined significantly after 12 months storage. The weight loss was more significant in higher temperature and lower humidity. The dialysate in non-PVC package lose less weight than PVC package. The specific gravity of dialysate drainage was significantly higher than pure water and related to dialysate protein concentration.ConclusionStorage condition and duration, as well as the type of the dialysate package gave extra variance in overfill volume. The fact that specific gravity of dialysate drainage is higher than 1g/ml also contributes to systemic measurement error of ultrafiltration in manual exchanges.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03864120 (March 8, 2019) (Understand the Difference Between Clinical Measured Ultrafiltration and Real Ultrafiltration)

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Relationship between QT dispersion and reperfusion in the acute myocardial infarction

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0301019g ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Branko Gligic ◽

Radoslav Romanovic ◽

Goran Radjen ◽

Dragan Tavciovski ◽

Predrag Djuran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Thrombolytic Therapy ◽

Qt Dispersion ◽

The Other ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Background. QT dispersion (QTd) represents the parameter of the expanded heterogeneity of myocard of ventricles. The aim of this study was to examine the dynamics of changes of QTd during the first 5 days of the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in dependence to noninvasively estimated success of thrombolytic therapy. Methods. Thirty six patients with AMI were included in the study. All patients were treated with alteplaze according to rapid protocol. QTd (QTc max-QTc min) was measured immediately after the reception (0 min), after the thrombolytic therapy (90 min) and since the 2nd to the 5th day of the hospitalization. Reperfusion was estimated on the basis of electrocardiographic and biohumoral parameters. Results. In the group of 36 patients, 22 male and 11 female, both parameters of the reperfusion were not compatible in 3 patients. The other 23 patients had the reperfusion, while 10 patients did not have it. At the reception there was no significant difference of QTd between the group with reperfusion (79?34 ms) and the group without reperfusion (65?19 ms). After receiving alteplase, the average QTd in the group with reperfusion was 67?31 ms, which was not shorter in relation to the group without reperfusion (70?23 ms). Since the 2nd day of AMI, significantly smaller QTd in patients with reperfusion was not registered compared with the patients without the reperfusion (54?17 vs.73?20 ms), whereas since the 3rd day the difference became significant (46?16 vs. 87?24 ms). On the 4th day it was 43?12 vs. 78?21 ms, and on the 5th day it was 38?11 vs. 62?23 ms. On the 1st day significant difference of QTd between the groups with and without reperfusion was not registered in the group of patients with anterior AMI (0 min: 97?47 vs. 72?16; 90 min 68?47 vs. 72?20) whereas on the 2nd day it became statistically significant (51?15 vs. 74?20 on the 2nd day, 51?20 vs. 88?24 on the 3rd day, 46?10 vs. 81?19 on the 4th day and 40?8 vs. 69?22 ms on the 5th day. In the group of patients with inferolateral AMI, only on the 3rd day significant difference of QTd between the group with and the group without reperfusion was registered (43?14 vs. 69?29 ms), while in all other measuring it was not registered (0 min: 69?22 vs. 42?9; 90 min: 67?20 vs. 67?41; 55?19 vs. 60?25 on the 2nd day; 41?14 vs. 51?6 on the 4th day and 51?12 vs. 37?8 ms on the 5th day). Conclusion. Qt dispersion was of significantly shorter duration in patients with the successfully performed reperfusion in relation to the patients without the reperfusion. In patients with the anterior AMI, QTd was significantly different in patients with in relation to the patients without the reperfusion in distinction with the patients with inferolateral AMI.

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Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.24532.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 971

Author(s):

Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽

Nelly Norton ◽

Nechama Rosenberg ◽

Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽

Itzhak Fouxon

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Social Status ◽

The Other ◽

Occupational Structure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Standard Classification ◽

The Difference ◽

The Individual ◽

Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

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Impact of grafting type on Esca foliar symptoms

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2016.50.4.1408 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Séverine Mary ◽

Coralie Laveau ◽

Pascal Lecomte ◽

Marc Birebent ◽

Jean-Philippe Roby

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Climatic Regions ◽

Foliar Symptoms ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

First Time

Aim: The aim of the survey was to investigate if the grafting type influences the foliar expression of Esca during summer.Methods and Results: Observations were conducted on plots distributed in two French winegrowing regions (two different climatic regions) with two varieties (Cabernet-Sauvignon in the Bordeaux region and Mourvèdre in Provence). Three grafting types were compared: Omega graft, Whip and Tongue graft, and full cleft graft. For both varieties, we found a significant effect of the type of grafting on the foliar development of Esca symptoms. Full cleft grafted plots showed a significantly lower percentage of Esca foliar symptoms than the other two modalities, which were not significantly different from one another. Concerning Omega grafted plots, a significant difference in the rate of Esca foliar symptoms was highlighted compared to full cleft grafted plots, with a higher rate on Omega grafted plots, but these plots were also younger.Conclusions: The study established, for the first time, the difference between full cleft field grafted plots and Omega and Whip and Tongue grafted plots, revealing a higher incidence of Esca on the latter types of grafting.Significance and impact of the study: The spread of mechanical graft could be one of the factors explaining the increasing incidence of Esca in vineyard.

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