A feature of performed narrative: the conversational historical present

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessa Wolfson
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Linguistic Feature ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
The Relationship

The historical present, the use of the present tense to refer to past events, is a feature of narrative which has long been recognized. The object of this analysis is the use of the historical present tense specifically in narratives which occur in everyday conversational interactions. This usage will be referred to as the conversational historical present to distinguish it from the use of this tense in other genres such as travelogues and jokes. In the analysis of the occurrence of the conversational historical present, it was found that features of the relationship between the speaker and the audience had a strong influence. This is true not because the use of the linguistic feature itself is socially stratified, but rather because it functions as one of a set of features which appear in a specific type of narrative and is therefore governed by norms of interaction which constrain the social behavior involved in the recounting of such narratives. The fact that the use of the conversational historical present is an interactional variable in this respect has had important theoretical and methodological implications for the analysis which is reported here. The basic theoretical point is that in the study of the conversational historical present one sees a perfect example of the relationship between linguistic structure and language use.

Die Macht der Bilder und Bilder der Macht: die sprachliche Konstruktion von Nationalismus und Konservatismus in der strategischen politischen Kommunikation von Vox España

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-566
Author(s):  
Sandra Issel-Dombert
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
The Media ◽  
Right Wing Populism ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFrom a theoretical and empirical linguistic point of view, this paper emphasizes the importance of the relationship between populism and the media. The aim of this article is to explore the language use of the Spanish right wing populism party Vox on the basis of its multimodal postings on the social network Instagram. For the analysis of their Instagram account, a suitable multimodal discourse analysis (MDA) provides a variety of methods and allows a theoretical integration into constructivism. A hashtag-analysis reveals that Vox’s ideology consists of a nativist and ethnocentric nationalism on the one hand and conservatism on the other. With a topos analysis, the linguistic realisations of these core elements are illustrated with two case studies.

scholarly journals Social behavior of musk deer during the mating season potentially influences the diversity of their gut microbiome

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10860
Author(s):  
Jianmei Li ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Yudong Zhu ◽  
Qinlong Dai ◽  
Guoqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Musk Deer ◽  
Mating Season ◽  
Large Cage ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

An increasing body of research has revealed that social behavior shapes the animal gut microbiome community and leads to the similarity among the same social group. However, some additional factors (e.g., diet and habitat within each social group) may also contribute to this similarity within the social group and dissimilarity between social groups. Here, we investigated the potential correlation between social behavior and the gut microbiome community in 179 musk deer from four breeding regions in the Maerkang Captive Center, Sichuan. The dominant gut microbiome phyla in the musk deer in this study were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. We found significant effects on the alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiome due to the breeding regions. The similarity within breeding regions was higher than that between the breeding regions. Due to their solitary lifestyle, captive musk deer are raised in single cages with no direct social contact most of the time. Deer in all of the breeding regions have the same diet and similar living conditions. However, during each mating season from November to January, in each region, one adult male and about six adult females will be put together into a large cage. Social behavior happens during cohabitation, including mating behavior, grooming within the same sex or between different sexes, and other social contact. Therefore, we speculated that high similarity within the breeding region might be associated with the social behavior during the mating season. This was a simple and straightforward example of the relationship between animal social behavior and the gut microbiome.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Bercerita Story Reading terhadap Perilaku Sosial Anak

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-280
Author(s):  
Winda Nidya Putri Fitriana ◽  
Hartin Kurniawati ◽  
Mustika Dewi Muttaqien
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Story Reading ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Final Observation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

This research was conducted to determine the relationship between the use of the story reading method of children's social behavior. After being given treatment in the form of the story reading storytelling method in the experimental group, it showed an increase in social behavior of children aged 4-5. In the experimental group the results of the pre-test observation (Y1) were 2407 and the results of the final observation (post test) showed higher data 2639. Based on the results of the experimental group pre-test and post-test data, there is a difference in the score between the post-test and pre-test with a difference of 200. So it can be concluded that there are differences in social behavior of children aged 4-5 years before being given treatment, namely the storytelling method. story reading after being given the story reading storytelling method treatment. After being given the treatment, the results of the final observation showed that the data score increased and showed that the story reading method can improve the social behavior of children aged 4-5 years.  

Sociolinguistics: Theory

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Heller
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
The Social ◽  
Variationist Sociolinguistics ◽  
Social Distribution ◽  
The Relationship

In 1980, in this journal, Joshua Fishman presented the major theoretical issue in sociolinguistics as being the link between microsociolinguistic and macrosociolinguistic processes. In 1984 that is still the case, although the issue is receiving more explicit attention than it did four years ago.There are two branches of sociolinguistics which approach this issue in different ways. These two branches are interactionist and variationist sociolinguistics. Interactionist sociolinguistics is principally interested in what language use can tell us about social processes, and therefore a central concern is the social meaning of language use. Variationist sociolinguistics is interested in accounting for linguistic variation and change, at least partly as a product of the social distribution of language varieties. It is, therefore, less concerned with meaning as process, and more concerned with the interaction of linguistic and social systems; in this view the significance of language is mainly symbolic. In this review, I will discuss the contributions of these branches to the problem of the relationship between microsociolinguistics and macrosociolinguistics, as well as the theoretical problems peculiar to each branch.

A Method for Measuring Social Behavior of Psychiatric Outpatients

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mann ◽  
Melvin Cohen ◽  
David M. Engelhardt ◽  
Norbert Freedman ◽  
Reuben A. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Setting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Schizophrenic Outpatients ◽  
Gathering Data

A system for the assessment of traits characterizing the social interaction of patients in the family setting has been briefly described. This system attempts to measure the relationship between the patient and the relaive who is being interviewed concerning the patient's behavior. Using a method of coding to evaluate the respondent's answers to various open-ended questions, we are able to delineate those characteristics of the patient's behavior which are most salient to the relative and most indicative of the relationship between the relative and the patient. This system is presently being used to study the behavior of schizophrenic outpatients in a clinic setting in which the primary method of treatment is ataractic therapy. It is assumed that for psychiatric outpatients changes in their social relationships at home are as important as changes in their mental status. The social traits are being used both as predictors of change in the patient's behavior and as indices measuring the effects of treatment on social behavior. At present, we are gathering data which indicates that the social traits are reliable and valid scales, and that they are useful in the study of schizophrenic outpatients.

PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP PERILAKU SOSIAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

Generasi Emas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Dian Tri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Social ◽  
Correlational Approach ◽  
Outer Environment ◽  
Peer Environment

The child spends a lot of time interacting in the outer environment with peers in various activities. They showed symptoms of sharing tasks, competition, contention, sympathy, slings help in facing difficulties. This picture shows symptoms of social behavior, there is a good social behavior and social behavior is not good. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of peer environment on the social behavior of children aged 5-6 years in Kindergarten Humairoh Kubang Jaya Village Siak Hulu District Kampar Regency. This research uses the form of quantitative research with correlational approach. Data collection techniques used in this study is observation. This study uses statistical analysis in the form of chi-square method. The results showed that the peer environment has a strong influence on the social behavior of children. This can be seen from the average score of social and environmental behavior of peers obtained in good category (77.55%) and (74.42%). From the result of the research, it is found that the value of χ² = 19.54 and χ²table = 9.49 so that χ²count ≥ χ²table or 19.54 ≥ 9,49 thus the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected, that is there is a significant influence from peer environment to social behavior of children aged 5-6 years in Kindergarten Humairoh Kubang Jaya Village Siak Hulu District Kampar District. The effect of variable X to Y is 57%.

scholarly journals Universality and language-dependency of tense and aspect: Performatives from a crosslinguistic perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egbert Fortuin
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Linguistic Typology ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
Aspect Marker ◽  
Aspect Markers ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper presents a cross-linguistic typology of performatives, especially with respect to their relationship with tense and aspect, in the languages of the world. I explore the relationship between performatives and particular tenses and aspects, and touch on the mechanisms underlying such a relationship. The paper finds that there is not one relation between performatives and a particular tense and aspect and there are no languages which have a special (dedicated) performative tense or aspect marker. Instead, performatives are compatible with various tense and aspect markers, even though the use of a present tense seems to be the most common. What counts as the most optimal tense and aspect for performatives depends on the division of labor within the linguistic structure.

scholarly journals “The Impersonal You”: Mass Print and Other Communication Technologies in the Virtual Friendship of Harriet Beecher Stowe and George Eliot

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Olga Kuminova
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
George Eliot ◽  
Harriet Beecher Stowe ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Literary Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Harriet Beecher Stowe and George Eliot, widely recognized as one of the most significant literary friendships in the 19th century, yet rarely focused on in scholarship beyond mutual literary influence, took place entirely through the communicative media available then: mass print, the Victorian post, and the social network of parlor literature and transatlantic literary community. The article analyzes the beginning of the correspondence, both similar to and different from fan mail exchange, with extensive quotes from Stowe’s unpublished second letter, to demonstrate an innovative theoretical point that novels can function as part of a communicative continuum between a writer and an individual reader, becoming instruments of what may be seen as a proto-virtual relationship.

Usage-Based Linguistics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Diessel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Structural Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Structure ◽  
Language System ◽  
System A ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
General Goal ◽  
The Relationship

Throughout the 20th century, structuralist and generative linguists have argued that the study of the language system (langue, competence) must be separated from the study of language use (parole, performance), but this view of language has been called into question by usage-based linguists who have argued that the structure and organization of a speaker’s linguistic knowledge is the product of language use or performance. On this account, language is seen as a dynamic system of fluid categories and flexible constraints that are constantly restructured and reorganized under the pressure of domain-general cognitive processes that are not only involved in the use of language but also in other cognitive phenomena such as vision and (joint) attention. The general goal of usage-based linguistics is to develop a framework for the analysis of the emergence of linguistic structure and meaning. In order to understand the dynamics of the language system, usage-based linguists study how languages evolve, both in history and language acquisition. One aspect that plays an important role in this approach is frequency of occurrence. As frequency strengthens the representation of linguistic elements in memory, it facilitates the activation and processing of words, categories, and constructions, which in turn can have long-lasting effects on the development and organization of the linguistic system. A second aspect that has been very prominent in the usage-based study of grammar concerns the relationship between lexical and structural knowledge. Since abstract representations of linguistic structure are derived from language users’ experience with concrete linguistic tokens, grammatical patterns are generally associated with particular lexical expressions.

Language and Embodied Sexuality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian W. King
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Agency ◽  
Language And Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The Relationship

Embodiment has long been of interest to scholars of language in society, and yet theoretical discussions of the inseparability of language and the body have been paradoxically minimal until quite recently. Focusing on the processes by which sexualized bodies are understood, this chapter examines two research case studies—intersex bodies and male bodies—to outline the ways that language and sexuality scholarship can contribute to knowledge of the confluence of the social and the soma during social interaction. Bodies are both subjective and social: in one sense we have subjective, embodied knowledge of what it means to live in our sexualized bodies and “speak from” them as part of lived experience, and in another sense our bodies are also observed from outside and “spoken about” as sexual. The analysis presented here explores the relationship between physical features of bodies, discourse, language, and power, and links these insights to notions of confluence, demonstrating that bodies can be unruly, obtrusive, overdetermined, and excessive. The chapter considers the implications of this analysis for language use, intelligibility, and sexual agency.

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