High prevalence of campylobacter excretors among Liberian children related to environmental conditions

SUMMARYCampylobacter was the bacterial pathogen most prevalent in 850 children, aged 6–59 months, examined in a house-to-house diarrhoea survey in two Liberian communities. 44·9% of the children from an urban slum and 28·4% from a rural area were excretors. Since the prevalence of diarrhoea was very high and consequently many convalescent carriers were found, it was not possible to evaluate the pathogenic role of campylobacter.The excretor rate increased with ago and was significantly correlated to the uso of supplementary feeding, inversely correlated to the quality of the water supply, and also associated with helminthic infestation. Results from re-examination of 172 children suggested a high intensity of transmission.The findings all indicate the existence of a heavy environmental contamination with campylobacter, probably of both human and animal faecal origin.

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ESQ Dalam Kepemimpinan Pendidikan

FIKROTUNA ◽

10.32806/jf.v3i1.2709 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Ridho

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Cultural Values ◽

Education System ◽

Modern Human ◽

Intellectual Ability ◽

National Education ◽

National Education System ◽

Very High

Education which is a system in the perspective of anthology is an attempt to humanize humans by an appropriate manner to achieve very high humane values as an attempt to change as well as to move the cultural values to any individual in society. But this view is difficult to achieve when the belief that a person's success will occur due to the efforts started early in order to organize their future without having an education. This paper will provide a breakthrough through leadership of education that is not only based on good intellectual ability, but also good emotional and spiritual. With the result that it will contribute qualified modern human resources. Modern human Resources is a human being who has the potential of ad equated intellectual quality. However, sometimes the potential is empty because it is not matched by the quality of the good faith or emotional. In the fact, they (modern humans) have good reasoning capability. However, the success which is useful in the future whether for themselves, the community, the nation and the state are not only enough by having logical thought only. But, it also requires EQ Emotional Quotient (level of emotional or personality) , CQ Creativity Quotient (level of creativity) and SQ Spiritual Quotient (level religiosities or faith and devotion to God. Thus , the national education system must be able to provide a solution- which is able to break of the empty circle of values and morals happening in education system around us . the empty circle we must combine as well as put the intellectual intelligence , emotional intelligence , and spiritual intelligence known as ESQ in order to get balance between the fulfillment of rights and vertical or horizontal obligations. ESQ is a role of the leadership of its resources which include Human Resources and Natural Resources with the organization as a model of leadership in education. ESQ if applied in educational leadership level, it would be beneficial along with the growth and development of the educational organization with the growth of moral values.

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PERAN MAKSUD DIDALAM DISONANSI KOGNITIF PESERTA PELATIHAN VOKASIONAL RENCANA USAHA DAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN KSM BINAAN BDC SRIWIJAYA PALEMBANG

Jemasi: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi ◽

10.35449/jemasi.v15i2.48 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 90-105

Author(s):

Ellys Thoyib ◽

Lily Rahmawati Harahap ◽

R.Y. Effendi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Dissonance ◽

Financial Management ◽

Vocational Training ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Active Role ◽

Positive Intention ◽

Foster Father ◽

Very High

This study aims to determine the role of intention in cognitive dissonance among 70 participants in vocational training on business plan and financial management of micro small entrepreneurs in independent community groups (KSM) producers of pempek, kemplang kerupuk, jumputan, tajung, blongket and songket. The hope is to change the mindset of participants in traditional financial management into accountable financial management. This knowledge is a stimulus that will stimulate the intention, to be a strong predictor of forming attitudes and expected behavior. It turns out that after 4 months of training, only 5% of the participants implemented this material, while 95% did not. The results of the study of the authors obtained data that the positive intention in the cognitive system of participants is very high, ranging from 74% to 97%. There has been a cognitive dissonance in the participants' attitudes and behavior.So it can be concluded that positive intentions can be in line with attitudes and behaviors but may not, this can happen because there is no strong role from external elements, such as limited market prospects and channeling around them, capital and financial management have not been effective, quality of management and HR is not yet committed, the role of BDC as a coach is not optimal, it should be able to play an active role as the foster father of KSM.

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Is There a Case for a Virus Aetiology in Multiple Sclerosis?

Scottish Medical Journal ◽

10.1177/003693309504000207 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 55-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bernard E. Souberbielle ◽

Paul W.S. Szawlowski ◽

William C. Russell

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Demyelinating Disease ◽

Autoimmune Response ◽

Aggressive Approach ◽

Shetland Islands ◽

North East ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Specific Virus ◽

Very High

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a devastating demyelinating disease with a very high prevalence in North-East Scotland and in the Orkney and Shetland Islands. MS appears to be a multifactorial disorder with environmental and genetic elements and it has been proposed that these, in tandem, provoke an autoimmune response giving rise to the disease. Although there is no direct evidence of a specific virus being involved in MS, there are nevertheless grounds for suspecting a viral association. This review discusses these aspects of MS and suggests that a more aggressive approach to unravelling the role of viruses is needed.

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The role of the dentist and orthodontist in recognizing oro-facial manifestations of acromegaly: a questionnaire-based study

Pituitary ◽

10.1007/s11102-021-01183-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Giorgia Preo ◽

Alberto De Stefani ◽

Francesca Dassie ◽

Alexandra Wennberg ◽

Roberto Vettor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Sella Turcica ◽

Mandibular Prognathism ◽

Oral Manifestation ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Strategic Role

Abstract Purpose Oro-facial manifestations of acromegaly are among the earliest signs of the disease and are reported by a significant number of patients at diagnosis. Despite this high prevalence of acromegaly oral manifestation, dentists do not play a pivotal role in acromegaly identification and diagnosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of dentists and orthodontists in the early recognition of the oro-facial manifestations of acromegaly. Methods A telematic questionnaire was administered to dentists and orthodontists. The questionnaire included photos with facial and oral-dental details and lateral teleradiography of acromegaly patients (ACRO). Results The study included 426 participants: 220 dentists and 206 orthodontists. Upon reviewing the photos, dentists most often observed mandibular prognathism and lips projection, while orthodontists also reported the impairment of relative soft tissue. Orthodontists, who usually use photos to document patients’ oral-facial characteristics, paid more attention to oral-facial impairment than dentists. During dental assessment, 90% of the participants usually evaluated tongue size and appearance, diastemas presence, and signs of sleep impairment (mainly orthodontists). Orthodontists were also more able to identify sella turcica enlargement at teleradiography. A total of 10.8% of the participants had ACRO as patients and 11.3% referred at least one patient for acromegaly suspicion. Conclusion The study highlighted dentists’ strategic role in identifying ACRO. Increasing dentists’ awareness about acromegaly clinical issues may improve early diagnosis, potentially resulting in an increased quality of life and decreased mortality among ACRO.

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THE STAKEHOLDERS’ AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF MALAYSIAN COMPETITION ACT 2010 AND THE ROLE PLAYED BY THE MALAYSIAN COMPETITION COMMISION

International Journal of Organizational Business Excellence ◽

10.21512/ijobex.v1i1.7160 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hasnah Haron ◽

Ishak Ismail ◽

Yuvaraj Ganesan ◽

Sasikala Sankaran ◽

Idris Gautama So

Keyword(s):

Stakeholder Group ◽

Trade Associations ◽

Outreach Programs ◽

Baseline Study ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Business Entities ◽

Very High ◽

Awareness Level

The Malaysian Competition Commission (MyCC) was mandated in 2010 to provide and engaged with stakeholders across all levels in promoting the Competition Act 2010 (CA 2010). This study aroused from the need to conduct a comparative study to its earlier 2013 Baseline Study in ascertaining MyCC’s effectiveness in carrying out its role in advocacy work. Therefore, the study’s main objective is to examine whether the level of awareness and perception of CA 2010 has increased over time. Other issues examined were (i) quality of advocacy and outreach of MyCC, (ii) the level of awareness and knowledge of the various stakeholders of the CA 2010 and of the role of MyCC and (iii) the perception of stakeholders on the effectiveness (quality) of enforcement of MyCC. 463 respondents participated through e-survey. 48 participated in four FGDs that took place nationwide. Results indicated overall level of knowledge on the existence of MyCC and CA 2010 is very high among SMEs compared to 2013 Baseline Study. SMEs are also the highest stakeholder group in acknowledging on the quality of MyCC’s advocacy and outreach programs. Practitioners (lawyers and economists) show the highest awareness level of CA 2010. Consumers/Trade Associations show the highest awareness level of MyCC’s role. SMEs, the highest stakeholder group in acknowledging the effectiveness (quality) of MyCC’s enforcement. Practitioners(law & economists) acknowledged that Malaysia businesses are run by only a few large players with not enough competition. The business entities (MNCs, SMEs and GLCs) indicate having good and positive practices, attitude and culture of Compliance with the CA 2010. In summary, it shows that the effectiveness of MyCC role in promoting he CA 2010 to the Malaysians.

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Neuroimmune mechanisms of pruritus in atopic dermatitis

Medical alphabet ◽

10.33667/2078-5631-2021-41-12-16 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 12-16

Author(s):

Y. A. Kandrashkina ◽

E. A. Orlova ◽

A. A. Pribytkov

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Neurogenic Inflammation ◽

New Methods ◽

Neuroimmune Interactions ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Depth Study

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic hereditary recurrent skin disease. One of the most pronounced symptoms of this dermatosis is itchy skin. Pruritus accompanies atopic dermatitis in more than 80% of cases. This review presents modern data on the mechanisms of pruritus formation in atopic dermatitis. The issues of etiological factors, neuroimmune interactions, peculiarities of skin dysfunction, as well as the role of stress are considered. The relevance of studying the topic is due to the high prevalence of atopic dermatitis among the population, a decrease in the quality of life and the lack of effective therapy. Analysis of the literature indicates the need for a comprehensive assessment of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. A more in-depth study of the mechanisms of neurogenic inflammation in atopic dermatitis will contribute to the development of new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

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A urological challenge: Voiding dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.1618 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (9-10) ◽

pp. 181 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jacques Corcos

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Voiding Dysfunction ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The Impact ◽

Very High ◽

Lower Urinary

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a very high prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms—as many as 90% of patients with MS experience some form of voiding dysfunction and/or incontinence.1 This summary provides a brief overview of MS epidemiology, pathophysiology, the impact of the disease on patient quality of life, and the particular kinds of urinary tract abnormalities and symptoms that can present among patients with MS. Strategies to help diminish the impact of these symptoms are also discussed.

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Regional solar radiation is inversely correlated with incidence and severity of tuberculosis in Chile

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268817000607 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (9) ◽

pp. 1815-1823 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. E. BALCELLS ◽

J. CERDA ◽

S. CONCHA ◽

R. HOYOS–BACHILOGLU ◽

C. A. CAMARGO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Admission Rate ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Pathogenic Role ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Linear Regressions

SUMMARYVitamin D (VD) deficiency has been linked to increased incidence and morbidity of tuberculosis (TB). Chile has large variations in solar radiation (SR; a proxy of VD status) and high prevalence of VD deficiency in its southernmost regions with low SR. We investigated the correlation between regional SR and rates of TB incidence, admissions and deaths in Chile by reviewing national records on prospectively collected mandatory disease notifications, admissions and mortality between 2001 and 2011. Over the study period, 26 691 new TB notifications were registered. The TB incidence rate was 14·77 (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 14·60–14·95), admission rate was 12·12 (95% CI 11·96–12·28) and mortality rate was 1·61 (95% CI 1·55–1·67) per 100 000 population per year. Multivariable linear regressions adjusting for significant demographic TB risk factors in Chile (regional prevalence of HIV infection, rates of migration from TB-endemic countries and rates of imprisonment) revealed an independent and highly statistically significant inverse association between SR and TB incidence rate (β −1·05, 95% CI −1·73 to −0·36, P = 0·007), admission rate (β −1·58, 95% CI −2·23 to −0·93, P < 0·001), and mortality rate (β −0·15, 95% CI −0·23 to −0·07, P = 0·002). These findings support a potential pathogenic role of VD deficiency in TB incidence and severity.

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Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Myasthenia Gravis Compared to Other Neurological Disorders and Healthy Controls

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

10.4061/2011/151258 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Steven P. Luckman ◽

Nils Erik Gilhus ◽

Fredrik Romi

Keyword(s):

Myasthenia Gravis ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Critical Role ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Pathogenic Role ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ◽

Very High

MMP-3 is capable of degrading a variety of proteins, including agrin, which plays a critical role in neuromuscular signaling by controlling acetylcholine receptor clustering. High MMP-3 levels in a proportion of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients have been reported. A pathogenic role of MMP-3 in other neurological disorders has been suggested but not proven. We have therefore examined the levels of MMP-3 in 124 MG patients and compared them to 59 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, 74 epilepsy patients, 33 acute stroke patients, and 90 healthy controls. 15.3% of the patients in the MG group were MMP-3-positive (defined as higher than cutoff value 48 ng/mL) with very high mean MMP-3 concentration (79.9 ng/mL), whereas the proportion of MMP-3 positive patients in the MS (3.4%), epilepsy (6.7%), stroke (0%), and the control group (4.4%) was significantly lower. Mean MMP-3 concentration in the total MG group (25.5 ng/mL) was significantly higher than in the MS (16.6 ng/mL) and stroke (11.7 ng/mL) groups, but did not differ significantly from the epilepsy (19.4 ng/mL) and the control group (23.4 ng/mL). MMP-3 may have a specific pathogenic effect in MG in addition to being associated with autoimmune diseases in general.

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Analiza wybranych czynników mających wpływ na postępowanie rodziców dzieci do 5 roku życia w przypadku wystąpienia gorączki

Innowacje w Pielęgniarstwie ◽

10.21784/iwp.2020.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 72-94

Author(s):

Dorota Kochman ◽

◽

Jolanta Jagieła

Keyword(s):

Medical Staff ◽

Paediatric Population ◽

Clinical State ◽

Media Professional ◽

The Subject ◽

Source Of Information ◽

Very High ◽

Knowledge Evaluation

Children’s fever occurring is in parents’ opinion a very worrying clinical state. Its appearance is quite common in paediatric population and the knowledge about dealing with the anti-fever issues is still popularised among parents by medical staff. Aim. The thesis aims to pay attention to the present problem of not taking brave decisions by parents when it concerns their sick child. Material and methods. In this thesis, a way of diagnostics survey with a technique of polling was applied. A self-made questionnaire was used as the research tool. In the part related to the research, the aggregate scale of parents’ knowledge evaluation according to the very own structure. The group consisted of 105 people, the parents of children up to five years old. Results. The results confirm the influence of demographic factors on the treatments by the parents when it comes to their children up to five years old. The parents do not have enough knowledge about fever, understanding its parameters and ways of reducing it. At once, they do have knowledge about the risks arising from the hazard of a high fever. More than 50% of parents get information about the subject from numerous sources such as family, friends, the Internet and unprofessional media. Professional medical staff is the source of knowledge for 48,57% of people. The parents and caretakers recognise information about fever forwarded by doctors and nurses. They rate the level and the quality of that knowledge very high. Conclusion. The role of a nurse in parents’ education about fever and dealing with it when it appears is significant. Nurses are the source of information, but they forward their knowledge in different degrees, according to parents. Medical staff is co-responsible for deepening parents’ knowledge.

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