scholarly journals A network approach on the relation between apathy and depression symptoms with dementia and functional disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1655-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennard L. van Wanrooij ◽  
Denny Borsboom ◽  
Eric P. Moll van Charante ◽  
Edo Richard ◽  
Willem A. van Gool
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Sum Scores

ABSTRACTBackground:Studies on the association between depression and dementia risk mostly use sum scores on depression questionnaires to model symptomatology severity. Since individual items may contribute differently to this association, this approach has limited validity.Methods:We used network analysis to investigate the functioning of individual Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) items, of which, based on studies that used factor analysis, 3 are generally considered to measure apathy (GDS-3A) and 12 depression (GDS-12D). Functional disability and future dementia were also included in our analysis. Data were extracted from 3229 participants of the Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular care trial (preDIVA), analyzed as a single cohort, yielding 20,542 person-years of observation. We estimated a sparse network by only including connections between variables that could not be accounted for by variance in other variables. For this, we used a repeated L1 regularized regression procedure.Results:This procedure resulted in a selection of 59/136 possible connections. GDS-3A items were strongly connected to each other and with varying strength to several GDS-12D items. Functional disability was connected to all three GDS-3A items and the GDS-12D items “helplessness” and “worthlessness”. Future dementia was only connected to the GDS-12D item “memory problems”, which was in turn connected to the GDS-12D items “unhappiness” and “helplessness” and all three GDS-3A items.Conclusion:Network analysis reveals interesting relationships between GDS items, functional disability and dementia risk. We discuss what implications our results may have for (future) research on the associations between depression and/or apathy with dementia.

scholarly journals Interaction between Subjective Memory Decline and Depression Symptom Intensity in Older People. Results of the Second Wave of Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, Nutrition, Comorbidities, and Functional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kujawski ◽  
Agnieszka Kujawska ◽  
Radosław Perkowski ◽  
Joanna Androsiuk-Perkowska ◽  
Weronika Hajec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Symptom Intensity

Background: Prevalence of subjective memory impairment (SMC), with or without objective memory impairment, and the mediating role of depression symptom intensity was examined in older people. Methods: n = 205 subjects (60 years old and older) were examined and followed up at two years. Cognitive function was examined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Delayed Recall (DR) subtest. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used as a screening tool for depression. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed models. Results: A total of 144 subjects (70.24%) had SMC. MoCA Delayed Recall scores were not significantly changed in relation to time and SMC. Dynamics of SMC significantly influenced changes in GDS score (p = 0.008). Conclusions: SMC and objective memory impairment do not fully overlap each other. Subjects without SMC for longer than two years noted less intensity of depression symptoms in comparison to subgroup with SMC. However, occurrence of SMC in subjects who were previously free of SMC, was not related to increase in depression symptom intensity.

Depression and Dementia: The Role of Cortisol and Vascular Brain Lesions. AGES-Reykjavik Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lotte Gerritsen ◽  
Emma L. Twait ◽  
Palmi V. Jonsson ◽  
Vilmundur Gudnason ◽  
Lenore J. Launer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) is related to an increased risk of developing dementia; however, the biological mechanisms explaining this relationship remain unclear. Objective: To determine whether the relationship between LLD and dementia can be best explained by the glucocorticoid cascade or vascular hypothesis. Methods: Data are from 4,354 persons (mean age 76±5 years) without dementia at baseline from the AGES-Reykjavik Study. LLD was assessed with the MINI diagnostic interview (current and remitted major depressive disorder [MDD]) and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Morning and evening salivary cortisol were collected (glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis). White matter hyperintensities (WMH; vascular hypothesis) volume was assessed using 1.5T brain MRI. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we estimated the associations of LLD, cortisol levels, and WMH volume with incident all-cause dementia, AD, and non-AD dementia. Results: During 8.8±3.2 years of follow-up, 843 persons developed dementia, including 397 with AD. Current MDD was associated with an increased risk of developing all-cause dementia (HR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.66–2.67), with risks similar for AD and non-AD, while remitted MDD was not (HR = 1.02; 95% CI 0.55–1.49). Depressive symptoms were also associated with increased risk of dementia, in particular non-AD dementias. Higher levels of evening cortisol increased risk of dementia, but this was independent of MDD. WMH partially explained the relation between current MDD and dementia risk but remained increased (HR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.34–2.08). Conclusion: The current study highlights the importance of LLD in developing dementia. However, neither the glucocorticoid cascade nor the vascular hypotheses fully explained the relation between depression and dementia.

scholarly journals Late contributions of repetitive head impacts and TBI to depression symptoms and cognition

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. e793-e804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Alosco ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
Zachary H. Baucom ◽  
Jesse Mez ◽  
Thor D. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Contact Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that repetitive head impacts (RHIs), like those from contact sport play and traumatic brain injury (TBI) have long-term neuropsychiatric and cognitive consequences, we compared middle-age and older adult participants who reported a history of RHI and/or TBI with those without this history on measures of depression and cognition.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 13,323 individuals (mean age, 61.95; 72.5% female) from the Brain Health Registry who completed online assessments, including the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the CogState Brief Battery and Lumos Labs NeuroCognitive Performance Tests. Inverse propensity-weighted linear regressions accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education tested the effects of RHI and TBI compared to a non-RHI/TBI group.ResultsA total of 725 participants reported RHI exposure (mostly contact sport play and abuse) and 7,277 reported TBI (n = 2,604 with loss of consciousness [LOC]). RHI (β, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.36–2.12), TBI without LOC (β, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.31–0.54), and TBI with LOC (β, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59–0.91) corresponded to higher GDS-15 scores. While TBI with LOC had the most neuropsychological associations, TBI without LOC had a negative effect on CogState Identification (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.001–0.01) and CogState One Back Test (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.0002–0.01). RHI predicted worse CogState One Back Test scores (β, 0.02; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.05). There were RHI × TBI interaction effects on several neuropsychological subtests, and participants who had a history of both RHI and TBI with LOC had the greatest depression symptoms and worse cognition.ConclusionsRHI and TBI independently contributed to worse mid- to later-life neuropsychiatric and cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals A Psychometric Properties Evaluation of the Italian Version of the Geriatric Depression Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Galeoto ◽  
Julita Sansoni ◽  
Michela Scuccimarri ◽  
Valentina Bruni ◽  
Rita De Santis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objective. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is an evaluation tool to diagnose older adult’s depression. This questionnaire was defined by Yesavage and Brink in 1982; it was designed expressly for the older person and defines his/her degree of satisfaction, quality of life, and feelings. The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian translation of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-IT). Methods. The Italian version of the Geriatric Depression Scale was administered to 119 people (79 people with a depression diagnosis and 40 healthy ones). We examined the following psychometric characteristics: internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity (factor structure). Results. Cronbach’s Alpha for the GDS-IT administered to the depressed sample was 0.84. Test-retest reliability was 0.91 and the concurrent validity was 0.83. The factorial analysis showed a structure of 5 factors, and the scale cut-off is between 10 and 11. Conclusion. The GDS-IT proved to be a reliable and valid questionnaire for the evaluation of depression in an Italian population. In the present study, the GDS-IT showed good psychometric properties. Health professionals now have an assessment tool for the evaluation of depression symptoms in the Italian population.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Patients with a Post Stroke Depression from the Municipality of Tetovo, Republic of Macedonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Vojtikiv-Samoilovska ◽  
Anita Arsovska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Significant Dependence ◽  
Post Stroke Depression

BACKGROUND: Although post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common neuro-psychiatric consequence after a stroke there is still some obscurity regarding its aetiology and risk factors, which complicates its management. A better knowledge of the predictors will enable better prevention and treatment.AIM: The aim of this work was the identification of the risk factors for PSD, typical for the Macedonian population, which will help in early prediction, timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease.MATERIALS AND METHODS:  We carried out a prospective study at the Clinical Hospital in Tetovo, the Republic of Macedonia to determine the prevalence of PSD and to analyse the socio-demographic characteristics as possible risk factors in 100 patients on discharge and after 5 months. The depression symptoms were quantified using the Hamilton Depression Ranking Scale (HAM-d) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).RESULTS: The average age of the patients with PSD on the first examination is 65.0 ± 8.3, whereas on the second examination is 64.5 ± 9.2. According to the Mann-Whitney U test, the difference between the average ages on both examinations is statistically insignificant for p > 0.05. On both examinations, the statistically significant dependence of p > 0.05 between PSD and the occupational status and PSD and education is not recorded. On both examinations, the PSD in male patients was 78.0% and 62.7%, while in female patients it was 85.4% and 68.3% not recording the statistically significant dependence of p < 0.05 between PSD and the gender.CONCLUSION: The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients with PSD cannot be considered as predictors of the disease.

scholarly journals MALNUTRITION IN OLDER ADULTS AND ITS CORRELATES WITH ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Liāna Deklāva ◽  
Lolita Vilka ◽  
Inga Millere ◽  
Olga Fokina
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Elderly research suggests inappropriate food intake as a one of the health issue. Malnutrition may have an undesirable effect on the health of the body. Elderly people are most at risk because they are often the result of loss of appetite, difficulties with daily shopping, meal preparation, somatic disorders and mental disorders such as depression. The purpose of the study was to investigate malnutrition among the elderly who are staying in social care institutions and to assess its association with anxiety and depression. The data from the study were obtained using the Universal Malnutrition Screening, Geriatric Alert Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale as tools. Overall, 102 respondents from two social care institutions participated in the study. The majority were women 64.7% (35.3% were male). Respondents ranged in age from 65 to 91 years. There were 27.44% of participants with malnutrition risk and 45.10% with signs of anxiety. Depression symptoms were detected 60.78% of respondents. Within the research sample, a statistically significant relationship between malnutrition and depression was found (r = 0.302, p< 0.01). Prevention of malnutrition and the early detection of depression among seniors will contribute to the improvement of the quality of their life and quality of health care. 

scholarly journals Subjective Cognitive Decline Predicts Concurrent Cognition in Hispanics, but not in Non-Hispanic Whites: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1267-1267
Author(s):  
M Nakhla ◽  
B Pulido ◽  
C Salcedo-Borrego ◽  
J Lewis ◽  
L Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Objective Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is prevalent among older adults and may be indicative of future cognitive decline. However, the expression of SCD may vary across ethnic groups due to factors such as educational level, awareness of decline, and depression. This study explored whether SCD scores predicted concurrent cognition in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White older adults, after adjusting for variables known to affect this relationship. Participants and Method Twenty-two Hispanic (mostly Mexican-American) and 27 Non-Hispanic White older adults were recruited from ongoing studies at the University of California, San Diego. The “My Cognition” version of the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (SCD-Q) developed in Spain measured SCD (modified to “Mexican” Spanish and administered in language of preference - 55% in Spanish). The Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) measured global cognition and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) measured mood. Results A hierarchical regression examined if ethnic group moderated the association between SCD-Q total score and DRS total score after adjusting for age, gender, education, and GDS score. Ethnicity moderated the relationship between SCD and DRS (β = -1.071, p = .024). Higher SCD-Q scores significantly predicted lower DRS scores in Hispanics (β = -.97, p &lt; .01), but not in Non-Hispanic Whites (β = -.23, p = .33), after adjusting for co-variates. Education level was the only significant predictor of DRS scores in the Non-Hispanic group. Conclusions Preliminary findings indicate that the SCD-Q may be a sensitive predictor of concurrent cognitive function in Hispanics, compared to Non-Hispanic Whites, suggesting that the SCD-Q may be culturally sensitive. Future studies should replicate these findings and investigate ethnic differences in the correlates of SCD (i.e., education, acculturation, depression reporting), which may account for the current findings. Importantly, future research should investigate if SCD can predict future cognitive changes in Hispanics.

Suicidal Ideation, Depression and Quality of Life in the Elderly: Study in a Gerontopsychiatric Consultation

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ponte ◽  
Vera Almeida ◽  
Lia Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractThe global increase in elderly population all over the world, especially in Portugal, justifies the importance of mental health study in this age group. The aim of this study was to characterize the elderly patients in Gerontopsychiatry Consultation of Centro Hospitalar São João in Porto, related to socio-demographic aspects, physical and global disabilities, depression, suicidal ideation and quality of life, and to explore the association between suicidal ideation, depression, and quality of life and global and functional disability. In this cross-sectional study, 155 patients were recruited consecutively, with a final sample of 75 subjects (59 women and 16 men) without cognitive deficits and a mean age of 72.8 (SD = 6.04). Concerning the depression level measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (Barreto et al., 2008) it was found that 66.7% presented severe depression and suicidal ideation (M = 41.96, SD = 36.38), a value considered with a potential risk of suicide using the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (Ferreira & Castela, 1999). The elderly also perceived their quality of life as low, revealing global disability assessed with the EasyCare- Elderly Assessment (Sousa & Figueiredo, 2000a). A significant positive correlation was also found between depression and suicidal ideation (rs =.71, p < .001), as well as quality of life (rs = .50, p < .001), and suicidal ideation with quality of life (rs = .40, p < .001). The data obtained in this study corroborate the results found in other studies.

A-13 The Association of Specific Depression Factors and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1054
Author(s):  
Allison Nash ◽  
Raquel Rosenberg ◽  
Jessica Paxton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Symptoms

Abstract Objective This study investigated whether particular dimensions of depression measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) predicted memory and executive function performance in older adults. We hypothesized that the worry dimension would significantly predict both memory and executive function scores given findings from previous studies (De Vito et al., 2017). Method Participants included 534 individuals ages 50 through 85 (M = 63) from the Nathan Kline Institute’s Rockland community sample. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) was used to assess memory and the Tower Test subtest of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) assessed executive functioning. To assess different dimensions of depression, we computed variables for six dimensions of the GDS using the factor model validated by Adams et al. (2004). Results Regression analyses revealed that, controlling for age, none of the GDS factors significantly accounted for performances on RAVLT short or long delayed recall tests. The worry factor significantly predicted RAVLT Learning Trial 1 scores (β = −0.28, p &lt; 0.05). Worry (β = −0.16, p &lt; 0.05) and agitation (β = −0.18, p &lt; 0.05) were the strongest predictors of total achievement scores on D-KEFS Tower Test. Conclusion These findings represent a deviation from expectations that depression symptoms would predict short and long-delay memory performances in an aging population. The particular role of worry in our other variables augments De Vito et al.’s (2017) findings, as we found that worry predicted short-term memory and executive functioning. These results demonstrate the importance of addressing worry symptoms in older adults for healthy executive functioning.

Community reintegration: Therapeutic dining program for older adult following stroke

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Christina Harper
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Community Reintegration ◽  
Geriatric Depression

Therapeutic dining programs are part of the community reintegration process for clients recovering from a stroke. It is a supervised program performed in social settings that consists of a combination of techniques to improve the eating situation. Therapeutic dining programs are a beneficial form of therapy for many rehabilitative groups. This specific program has been tailored to older adults who are recovering from a stroke. Its main goals, aside from improving the eating situation, are to prevent another stroke from happening and decrease depression symptoms and increase self-esteem by reintegrating clients back into the community. I looked into several different community reintegration program and nutrition and eating after stroke studies in which positive outcomes were found for post-stroke clients. All studies and research used has provided a strong support for the specific proposed intervention program for my client Kelly, who is an older adult female recovering from a stroke. Assessments selected: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Plan: Small group therapeutic dining program with other older adults in the afternoon. Intervention: Therapeutic Dining Program three times a week for eight weeks to improve eating situation, promote healthy eating, decrease symptoms of depression, and increase self esteem and social activity. Evaluation: The Barthel Index, Nutritional Status, Geriatric Depression Scale plus a Stroke Recovery Scorecard. Clients Goals: 1) Client will lower the risks of having another stroke. 2) Client will increase their eating situation experience and self-esteem while decreasing their depression symptoms. 3) Client will get involved in one support group or leisure activity outside of recreational therapy (RT) dining program for community reintegrated leisure pursuits.

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