A healthy trend: less food used in fundraising and as rewards and incentives in Minnesota middle and high schools

AbstractObjectiveTo assess change in the 4-year prevalence (2006–2009) of the use of food in school fundraising and as rewards and incentives for students, following implementation of federal legislation in the USA in 2006.DesignSerial cross-sectional design using trend analysis to assess school-level data collected over four consecutive years from 2006/2007 to 2009/2010.SettingMinneapolis/St. Paul, MN.SubjectsConvenience sample of middle and high schools participating in two longitudinal, aetiological studies that examined youth, their environment and obesity-related factors.ResultsA significant and sustained decrease was demonstrated in the use of low-nutrient, energy-dense foods in school fundraising activities and the use of food and food coupons as rewards and incentives by teachers and school staff.ConclusionsResults support the utility of policy and legislative action as a tool for creating healthy, sustainable environmental change.

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Konsumsi makanan tinggi natrium, kesukaan rasa asin, berat badan, dan tekanan darah pada anak sekolah

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.22632 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Heni Hendriyani ◽

Enik Sulistyowati ◽

Astidio Noviardhi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Junior High School ◽

Later Life ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Data ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Background: It is a fact that natrium consumption relates to hypertension and the risk of heart disease and stroke. Even though it is common happened in later life, hypertension can be started in early age.Objective: The aim of the study is to identify salty food preference, high natrium food consumption, natrium intake, weight and its correlation with blood pressure among schoolchildren.Method: The study used cross-sectional design. There were 151 samples from junior high school chosen by purposive sampling. Food salty level data was assessed by eating the snack with three different salt concentration. High and low natrium source food and natrium intake data were taken using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer digital. Bivariate analysis was used Chi-square and Rank Spearman test.Results: The study revealed that 74,2% children prefer snack with the salt level above recommendation (> 0,5 gr salt per portion ). There were 22,5% children have natrium intake from food only ≥2000 mg (above recommendation). As much as 35,8% children fall into hypertension category based on their blood pressure (BP) level. There was a significant relationship between high natrium food consumption score with natrium intake (p=0,002). There were significant correlation between weight with systolic and diastolic BP ((p=0,000 r=-0,549 and p=0,000 r=-0,412). There were no correlation between atrium intake with systolic and diastolic BP (p=0,764; r= 0,0025 and p=0,819 r=0,19).Conclusion: Healthy food and maintaining normal weight information and education must be done for children as early as possible.

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Italian Children’s Well-Being after Lockdown: Predictors of Psychopathological Symptoms in Times of COVID-19

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111429 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11429

Author(s):

Marcella Caputi ◽

Barbara Forresi ◽

Ludovica Giani ◽

Giovanni Michelini ◽

Simona Scaini

Keyword(s):

Small Sample Size ◽

Well Being ◽

Small Sample ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Cross Sectional Design

The first Italian lockdown imposed to fight the spread of COVID-19 caused important disruptions in families’ everyday lives. The main aim of this research was to investigate the predictors of psychopathology in children aged 5–10 years, immediately after the national 2-month lockdown. A total of 158 Italian parents (148 mothers, 10 fathers, mean age = 41 years) were recruited and asked to complete an online research concerning their 158 children (76 boys, mean age = 7.4 years). Parents completed questionnaires on parent–child conflict, resilience, temperament, behavior, and previous adverse childhood experiences. Hierarchical regressions showed that children’s psychopathology was predicted by low child resilience, high novelty seeking and harm avoidance, adverse experiences, and high flooding levels. Moreover, girls exposed to adverse experiences appeared more vulnerable to psychopathology. The recruitment of a convenience sample, the small sample size, and the cross-sectional design of our study limit the generalizability and interpretation of the present findings. Nonetheless, this research extends our knowledge of children’s functioning in such an exceptional period. Shedding light on predictors of children’s psychopathology following prolonged quarantine can indeed guide effective psychological interventions now and in future similar situations.

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Symptom Responses to a Continuum of Sexual Trauma

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 248-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carrie M. Carretta ◽

Ann W. Burgess

Keyword(s):

Sexual Trauma ◽

The United States ◽

Symptom Presentation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Web Based ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Post Hoc

This study reports the findings of an anonymous web-based survey to test differences in symptom presentation (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) among women who experienced different types of sexual trauma (forcible, pressured, sex stress). The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design with an online convenience sample of 243 adult females living primarily in the United States. The findings revealed that there was a statistically significant difference among type of sexual trauma groups for depression (p = .013) and PTSD (p = .044) but not for anxiety (p = .183). Post hoc analysis of the overall difference in depression revealed that the multiple rape type group (p = .010) and the forcible sex group (p = .016) had higher levels of depression.

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The Most and the Least Performed Self-Care Behaviors Among Patients With Heart Failure in Jordan

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/1054773818779492 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 108-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Loai Issa Tawalbeh ◽

Ahmed Mohammad Al-Smadi ◽

Mohammed AlBashtawy ◽

Maen AlJezawi ◽

Mohamad Jarrah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Low Income ◽

Self Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Traditional Treatment ◽

Patients With Heart Failure ◽

Low Salt ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship

Assessing self-care is important aspects among patients with heart failure. However, few studies were conducted to assess self-care among patients with heart failure in Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the most and the least performed maintenance self-care behaviors and to examine the relationship between maintenance self-care behaviors and selected sociodemographics. A cross-sectional design utilizing a convenience sample of 226 patients with heart failure was used. The maintenance self-care mean was 53.89 and considered below the clinical target level (≥70). Asking for low salt item and performing physical exercises were the most performed self-care behaviors, while “trying to avoid getting sick” and “checking ankles for swelling” were the least performed self-care behaviors. Limited self-care behaviors indicated the need to implement cardiac education that may improve self-care behaviors. Cardiac education should target mainly patients with low income, low educational level, elderly, living alone, unemployed, and who are using traditional treatment.

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Comparison of food and beverage products’ availability, variety, price and quality in German and US supermarkets

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020002645 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (18) ◽

pp. 3387-3393

Author(s):

Nanette Stroebele-Benschop ◽

Kerstin Wolf ◽

Katharine Palmer ◽

Casey J Kelley ◽

Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Food Products ◽

High Energy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Food Prices ◽

General Tendency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

The Usa ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjective:To assess availability, variety, price and quality of different food products in a convenience sample of supermarkets in Germany and the USA.Design:Cross-sectional study using an adapted version of the Bridging the Gap Food Store Observation Form.Setting:Information on availability, quality, price and variety of selected food products in eight German and seven US supermarkets (discount and full service) was obtained and compared by country.Results:A general tendency for lower prices of fruits and vegetables in Germany was observed, while produce quality and variety did not seem to differ between countries, with the exception of the variety of some vegetables such as tomatoes. Chips and cereals did not differ significantly in variety nor price. In both countries, high energy-dense foods were lower in energy costs than lower energy-dense foods.Conclusions:The influence of food prices and availability on consumption should be further explored, including the impact of country differences.

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Does Evil Prevail? The “Bright” and “Dark” Sides of Personality as Predictors of Adaptive Performance

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12020474 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 474 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro J. Ramos-Villagrasa ◽

Elena Fernández-del-Río ◽

Juan Ramón Barrada

Keyword(s):

Big Five ◽

Big Five Personality Traits ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Incremental Validity ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Adaptive Performance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Job Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Design

The turbulent context in which organizations operate today makes them search for adaptable workers. Previous studies have shown the predictive value of the “Big Five” personality traits on adaptive performance, but some authors suggest extending personality domain with the “dark” traits of personality, that is, Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy (i.e., the “Dark Triad”), and sadism (which, along with the aforementioned traits, composes the “Dark Tetrad”). The present research investigates the incremental validity of the dark traits in the prediction of adaptive performance over the Big Five. The study follows a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 613 participants (46% women; mean age 38.78 years, SD = 14.05; mean job experience = 16.93 years, SD = 13.39) from different organizations who fill in a questionnaire with the variables. Our results showed that the Dark Triad improved the predictive model with respect to the Big Five (R2 = 0.202, ΔR2 = 0.030, p < 0.001). The statistically significant predictors were neuroticism (β = −0.127, p = 0.010), openness to experience (β = 0.155, p < 0.001), conscientiousness (β = 0.164, p = 0.001), narcissism (β = 0.134 p < 0.002), and psychopathy (β = −0.137, p = 0.005). The incorporation of sadism did not improve the Dark Triad model (R2 = 0.202, ΔR2= −0.001, p = 0.541).

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Protecting the front line: a cross-sectional survey analysis of the occupational factors contributing to healthcare workers’ infection and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042752 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e042752 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tsion Firew ◽

Ellen D Sano ◽

Jonathan W Lee ◽

Stefan Flores ◽

Kendrick Lang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Front Line ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Burn Out ◽

The Usa

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant occupational stressors and challenges for front-line healthcare workers (HCWs), including COVID-19 exposure risk. Our study sought to assess factors contributing to HCW infection and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA.DesignWe conducted a cross sectional survey of HCWs (physicians, nurses, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), non-clinical staff) during May 2020. Participants completed a 42-item survey assessing disease transmission risk (clinical role, work environment, availability of personal protective equipment) and mental health (anxiety, depression and burn-out).SettingThe questionnaire was disseminated over various social media platforms. 3083 respondents from 48 states, the District of Columbia and US territories accessed the survey.ParticipantsUsing a convenience sample of HCWs who worked during the pandemic, 3083 respondents accessed the survey and 2040 participants completed at least 80% of the survey.Primary outcomePrevalence of self-reported COVID-19 infection, in addition to burn-out, depression and anxiety symptoms.ResultsParticipants were largely from the Northeast and Southern USA, with attending physicians (31.12%), nurses (26.80%), EMTs (13.04%) with emergency medicine department (38.30%) being the most common department and specialty represented. Twenty-nine per cent of respondents met the criteria for being a probable case due to reported COVID-19 symptoms or a positive test. HCWs in the emergency department (31.64%) were more likely to contract COVID-19 compared with HCWs in the ICU (23.17%) and inpatient settings (25.53%). HCWs that contracted COVID-19 also reported higher levels of depressive symptoms (mean diff.=0.31; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.47), anxiety symptoms (mean diff.=0.34; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.52) and burn-out (mean diff.=0.54; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.71).ConclusionHCWs have experienced significant physical and psychological risk while working during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the urgent need for increased support for provider physical and mental health well-being.

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Breast-feeding patterns of ethnic groups in rural western China

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000208 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 3386-3393 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pengfei Qu ◽

Ting Wang ◽

Fang Liu ◽

Shaonong Dang ◽

Lengxia Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Western China ◽

Feeding Pattern ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional Design

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the breast-feeding pattern of four main ethnic groups (the Han, Uygur, Tibetan and Zhuang) living in rural western China.DesignThe study utilized a cross-sectional design.SettingForty-five counties in ten provinces in western China in 2005.SubjectsA sample of 11 783 children younger than 36 months old (8960 Han, 1281 Uygur, 792 Tibetan and 750 Zhuang) and their mothers were recruited using a stratified, multistage, cluster random sampling method.ResultsThe rates of exclusive breast-feeding of children at 6 months of age in the Han, Uygur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnic groups were 11·6 %, 0·8 %, 4·4 % and 13·8 %, respectively. The rates of any breast-feeding for children at 24 months of age were 8·5 %, 25·7 %, 3·0 % and 4·3 % in the four ethnic groups, respectively. After adjusting for related factors, Zhuang children had a higher odds ratio of exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months compared with Han children, whereas Uygur and Tibetan children had lower odds ratio (Zhuang: OR=1·291; 95 % CI 1·006, 1·657; Uugur: OR=0·062; 95 % CI 0·032, 0·121; Tibetan: OR=0·323; 95 % CI 0·220, 0·475). Uygur children had a lower hazard ratio of discontinued breast-feeding compared with Han children, whereas Tibetan children had a higher hazard ratio (Uygur: HR=0·368; 95 % CI 0·333, 0·408; Tibetan: HR=1·366; 95 % CI 1·244, 1·500).ConclusionsThe breast-feeding pattern differed among the Han, Uygur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnic groups. The results suggest that health education regarding the benefits of breast-feeding is needed in rural western China.

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Values, motivation, commitment, performance and rewards: analysis model

Business Process Management Journal ◽

10.1108/bpmj-09-2015-0132 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1139-1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marcela Lage Monteiro de Castro ◽

Mário Teixeira Reis Neto ◽

Cláudia Aparecida Avelar Ferreira ◽

Jorge Filipe da Silva Gomes

Keyword(s):

Structural Model ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Content Type ◽

Management Processes ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Management Area ◽

The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how construct values, motivation, commitment, performance and reward are associated with professionals from different countries, from the framework of a hypothetical structural model. Design/methodology/approach The survey was cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative. The sample of individuals corresponding to three different countries, with information collected from a sample of 406 respondents, and from a convenience sample of two companies, one company in the oil and gas sector, surveyed in Mexico and the USA, and the other company in the electronics industry, researched in Brazil. Findings Thus, the association of the construct values with motivation in Mexico, demonstrated a better balance of the proposed hypothetical structural model. The study identified six groups (clusters) of different individuals according to values, and also, its associative relationship according to the variables of the proposed hypothetical structural model. The identification of each cluster was possible, according to the variables of the hypothetical structural model, and the groups with greater proximity between Mexico and USA were very similar, mostly because US companies have many Mexicans in their staff. Research limitations/implications Therefore, it is understood that the approach used in this work could eventually be replicated in other regions to seek confirmations and/or contradictions of the results, contributing to future studies to relate such constructs. Practical implications It is expected that this work can stimulate others that aim to explore the hypothetical structural model in more countries or organizations in order to understand the influence of the constructs in or ganizational management, enabling people management area to be more effective in conducting relevant management processes for each organization. Originality/value The proposed model has shown that organizational management allowed the verification of the association between constructs motivation, commitment, performance and reward, excluding the construct values.

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LACK OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME GENOTYPE AND MUSCLE STRENGTH IN PERUVIAN OLDER PEOPLE

Успехи геронтологии ◽

10.34922/ae.2020.33.4.008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 686-690

Author(s):

T. J. Oscanoa ◽

E. C. Cieza ◽

F. A. Lizaraso-Soto ◽

M. L. Guevara ◽

R. M. Fujita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Older People ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Ace Polymorphism ◽

Significant Difference

Старение может быть связано с уменьшением мышечной силы, а сопутствующими факторами являются заболевания, пол, физическая активность и, возможно, генетические факторы. Среди генетических факторов представляет интерес ренин-ангиотензиновая система, но данные о перуанской популяции отсутствуют. Целью исследования - оценка связи силы сцепления и полиморфизма ангиотензин-конвертазного фермента (АКФ) у пожилых людей в Перу. Было проведено перекрестное исследование в выборке из 104 участников старше 60 лет в Лиме, Перу с анализом полиморфизма АКФ. Мы изучили 104 участника, 46 (44,2%) мужчин и 58 (55,8%) женщин, со средним возрастом и стандартным отклонением ( SD ) 73,7 (7,4) года, в диапазоне 60-90 лет. Частота генотипов D/D, I/D и I/I составила 12,7; 43,7 и 43,7% соответственно. Распределение полиморфизма АKФ по генотипу соответствовало равновесию Харди-Вайнберга ( р =0,746). Средняя ( SD ) сила сцепления при D/D , I/D и I/I полиморфизмах составила 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) и 23,4 (7,6) кг соответственно. Не выявлено достоверных различий ( р =0,41) между генетическими группами. В этой небольшой удобной выборке пожилых перуанцев не было обнаружено связи между силой сцепления и генотипом АКФ. Aging can be associated with decreasing muscle strength, and related factors are comorbidities, sex, physical activity, and possibly genetic factors. Among genetic factors the renin-angiotensin system is of interest, but data on the Peruvian population is lacking. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of grip strength and angiotensin convertase enzyme (ACE) polymorphism in Peruvian older people. A cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of 104 participants over 60 years in Lima, Perú, with analysis of the ACE polymorphism, was performed. We studied 104 participants, 46 men (44,2 %) and 58 women (55,8 %), with a mean age and standard deviation (SD) of 73,7 (7,4) years, range between 60-90 years. The frequency of D/D, I/D and I/I genotypes was 12,7; 43,7 and 43,7 % respectively. The genotype distribution of ACE polymorphism agreed with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( p =0,746). The mean (SD) of grip strength in the D/D, I/D and I/I polymorphisms were 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) and 23,4 (7,6) kg respectively; no signiﬁcant difference was observed ( p =0,41) between genetic groups. In this small convenience sample of older Peruvians, no association was found between grip strength and ACE genotype.

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