Association between schizophrenia and an autoimmune bullous skin disease-pemphigus: a population-based large-scale study

Aims.Immunological hypotheses have become increasingly prominent suggesting that autoimmunity may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia was found to be associated with a wide range of autoimmune diseases. However, the association between pemphigus and schizophrenia has not been established yet. We aimed to estimate the association between pemphigus and schizophrenia using a large-scale real-life computerised database.Methods.This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study utilising the database of Clalit Health Services. The proportion of schizophrenia was compared between patients diagnosed with pemphigus and age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched control subjects. Univariate analysis was performed usingχ2and Student'st-test and a multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model.Results.A total of 1985 pemphigus patients and 9874 controls were included in the study. The prevalence of schizophrenia was greater in patients with pemphigus as compared to the control group (2.0%v. 1.3%, respectively;p= 0.019). In a multivariate analysis, pemphigus was significantly associated with schizophrenia (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1–2.2). The association was more prominent among females, patients older than 60 years, and Jews.Conclusions.Pemphigus is significantly associated with schizophrenia. Physicians treating patients with pemphigus should be aware of this possible association. Patients with pemphigus should be carefully assessed for comorbid schizophrenia and be treated appropriately.

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Bipolar Disorder Associated with Another Autoimmune Disease—Pemphigus: A Population-based Study

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743717740344 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 474-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Khalaf Kridin ◽

Shira Zelber-Sagi ◽

Doron Comaneshter ◽

Arnon D. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Real Life ◽

Bipolar Disorders ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Biological Mechanisms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Health Service Organization ◽

Independent Association

Objectives: Recent evidence suggests a notable role for inflammation and immune dysregulation in the neuroprogression of bipolar disorders (BD). Several autoimmune comorbidities have been reported in association with BD. However, the epidemiological relationship between pemphigus and BD has not yet been elucidated. We aimed to estimate the association between pemphigus and BD using a large-scale, real-life computerized database. Methods: Data for this study were retrieved from the database of the Clalit Health Services, the largest, state-mandated, health service organization in Israel. This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. The proportion of patients with BD was compared between patients diagnosed with pemphigus and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects. A logistic regression model was performed to estimate how pemphigus and other covariates contributed as risk factors for BD. Results: A total of 1,985 pemphigus cases and 9,874 controls were included in the study. The prevalence of BD was greater in cases with pemphigus than in controls (1.0% v. 0.5%, respectively; P = 0.023). This coexistence was more prominent among patients of Jewish ethnicity. After controlling for confounders, such as age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, smoking, healthcare utilization, and comorbidities, pemphigus demonstrated a substantial independent association with BD (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.9). Conclusions: Pemphigus is significantly associated with BD. Patients with pemphigus should be assessed for comorbid BD. Experimental research is needed to better recognize the biological mechanisms underlying this observation.

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Serum Ferritin Is Inversely Correlated with Serum Adiponectin Level: Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2009/931082 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 303-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bon-Jeong Ku ◽

Seul-Young Kim ◽

Tae-Yong Lee ◽

Kang-Seo Park

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Adiponectin Level ◽

Ferritin Level ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Adiponectin ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hs Crp

Background: The serum concentrations of ferritin and adiponectin are associated with several metabolic disorders and have been used as predictors of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. But there have been no reports demonstrating a direct correlation between serum ferritin and adiponectin levels. We performed this study to evaluate the association between serum ferritin and adiponectin concentrations.Subjects and methods: We evaluated a total of 995 subjects from the Korea Rural Genomic Cohort Study in a population-based cross-sectional study. Extensive clinical and laboratory measurements, including adiponectin and ferritin concentrations, were recorded.Results: Univariate analysis revealed that the serum adiponectin level was correlated with age, sex, BMI, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, and ferritin. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the adiponectin concentration was correlated with age, BMI, fasting glucose, hs-CRP, and ferritin. The ferritin concentration was the most powerfully associated with serum adiponectin. In non-diabetic subgroups, the adiponectin level was correlated with BMI, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose, and ferritin level in multivariate analysis. In diabetic subgroups, the adiponectin level was correlated with BMI, triglyceride, hs-CRP, and ferritin level in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: The serum adiponectin concentration was correlated with conventional clinical variables, but the most powerfully associated factor was the serum ferritin level.

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Multimorbidity Patterns in the General Population: Results from the EpiChron Cohort Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17124242 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 4242

Author(s):

Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa ◽

Beatriz Poblador-Plou ◽

Jonás Carmona-Pírez ◽

Jesús Díez-Manglano ◽

Rokas Navickas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Large Scale ◽

Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Real World Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

And Gender

The correct management of patients with multimorbidity remains one of the main challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. In this study, we analyze the existence of multimorbidity patterns in the general population based on gender and age. We conducted a cross-sectional study of individuals of all ages from the EpiChron Cohort, Spain (1,253,292 subjects), and analyzed the presence of systematic associations among chronic disease diagnoses using exploratory factor analysis. We identified and clinically described a total of 14 different multimorbidity patterns (12 in women and 12 in men), with some relevant differences in the functions of age and gender. The number and complexity of the patterns was shown to increase with age in both genders. We identified associations of circulatory diseases with respiratory disorders, chronic musculoskeletal diseases with depression and anxiety, and a very consistent pattern of conditions whose co-occurrence is known as metabolic syndrome (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidaemia), among others. Our results demonstrate the potential of using real-world data to conduct large-scale epidemiological studies to assess the complex interactions among chronic conditions. This could be useful in designing clinical interventions for patients with multimorbidity, as well as recommendations for healthcare professionals on how to handle these types of patients in clinical practice.

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Relation between Uric Acid Levels and Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Diabetic Patients

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530321666211018120419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Hosameldeen S. Shabana ◽

Mahmoud Abdelrasheed Allam ◽

Youssef Abdallah Nassar ◽

Amgad Awad ◽

Magdy M. Naguib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Control ◽

Work Up ◽

Hba1c Levels

Background and Aim: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is frequently seen in diabetic patients. Elevated levels of uric acid (UA) were also reported in diabetic patients. No study assessed the relation between SCH and UA levels in diabetic patients. We aimed to evaluate this relation and the association of both conditions with other clinical and laboratory parameters in diabetic patients. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 T2DM patients in addition to 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Diabetic patients comprised 50 patients with SCH and 50 euthyroid patients. All participants were subjected to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination and standard laboratory work up. The performed investigations included fasting and postprandial blood sugar, fasting insulin levels, HbA1c levels, thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4 and TSH), renal profile and serum UA. Results: Comparison between the studied groups regarding serum UA levels revealed significantly higher levels in the diabetic group (5.4 ± 1.9 versus 4.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p<0.001). SCH + DM patients had significantly higher UA levels in comparison to DM group (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.8 ± 1.7 mg/dl, p<0.001) and control group (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p<0.001). SCH + DM patients had significantly higher HbA1c levels (8.9 ± 1.1 versus 7.6 ± 1.3 %, p<0.001), HOMA-IR (3.9 ± 0.8 versus 2.8 ± 1.0, p<0.001) and UA levels (6.1 ± 1.8 versus 4.8 ± 1.7, p<0.001). Correlation analysis identified a significant direct correlation between serum UA and HOMA-IR in DM + SCH patients (r=0.4,p=0.004). In univariate analysis, presence of SCH [OR (95% CI): 2.57 (1.07-6.15), p=0.034] and nephropathy [OR (95% CI): 4.57 (1.77-11.8), p=0.002] were significant predictors of higher (upper tertile) UA in the studied patients. However, in multivariate analysis, only nephropathy [OR (95% CI): 4.25 (1.62-11.17), p=0.003] continued to be significant while SCH showed a marginal trend [OR (95% CI): 0.43 (0.17-1.08), p=0.073]. Conclusions: The present study suggests an association between SCH and increased UA levels in diabetic patients.

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Association and Predictive Value Analysis for Resting Heart Rate and Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in General Population

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2014/215473 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zi-Hui Tang ◽

Fangfang Zeng ◽

Zhongtao Li ◽

Linuo Zhou

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Large Scale ◽

Reference Group ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Predictive Performance ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Value Analysis

Background.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of DM and resting HR on CAN in a large sample derived from a Chinese population.Materials and Methods.We conducted a large-scale, population-based, cross-sectional study to explore the relationships of CAN with DM and resting HR. A total of 387 subjects were diagnosed with CAN in our dataset. The associations of CAN with DM and resting HR were assessed by a multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis (using subjects without CAN as a reference group) after controlling for potential confounding factors. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of resting HR and DM.Results.A tendency toward increased CAN prevalence with increasing resting HR was reported (Pfor trend<0.001). MLR analysis showed that DM and resting HR were very significantly and independently associated with CAN (P<0.001for both). Resting HR alone or combined with DM (DM-HR) both strongly predicted CAN (AUC = 0.719, 95% CI 0.690–0.748 for resting HR and AUC = 0.738, 95% CI 0.710–0.766 for DM-HR).Conclusion.Our findings signify that resting HR and DM-HR have a high value in predicting CAN in the general population.

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Perceived loneliness among home-dwelling older adults with and without memory disorder: A population-based study

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/2057158518800266 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 76-84

Author(s):

Minnaleena Ollanketo ◽

Raija Korpelainen ◽

Timo J Jämsä ◽

Maarit Kangas ◽

Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Memory Disorder ◽

Emotional Loneliness ◽

With Memory

The aim of this population-based cross-sectional study was to describe and compare the prevalence and features of perceived loneliness among home-dwelling older adults with ( n = 129) and without ( n = 244) memory disorder. The latter group was randomly resampled from 789 respondents stratified by age to obtain a standardized control group. Loneliness was assessed using the six-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and perceived stress using Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein’s 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. Results show that severe loneliness was common among the home-dwelling older adults, especially those with memory disorder, who also perceived stress more frequently than those without memory disorder. Both groups, but again more frequently those with memory disorder, were more likely to be emotionally than socially lonely. Thus, when planning social and healthcare services and interventions to mitigate loneliness among older adults living at home, memory problems and emotional loneliness require particular consideration.

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Access to childbirth care by adolescents and young people in the Northeastern region of Brazil

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050005396 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Érida Zoé Lustosa Furtado ◽

Keila Rejane Oliveira Gomes ◽

Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Young People ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Northeast Region ◽

Childbirth Care

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify the factors that interfere with the access of adolescents and young people to childbirth care for in the Northeast region of Brazil. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 3,014 adolescents and young people admitted to the selected maternity wards to give birth in the Northeast region of Brazil. The sample design was probabilistic, in two stages: the first corresponded to the health establishments and the second to women who had recently given birth and their babies. The data was collected by means of interviews and consulting the hospital records, from pre-tested electronic form. Descriptive statistics were used for the univariate analysis, Pearson’s Chi-square test for the bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions for the multivariate analysis. Sociodemographic variables, obstetrical history, and birth care were analyzed. RESULTS Half of the adolescents and young people interviewed had not been given guidance on the location that they should go to when in labor, and among those who had, 23.5% did not give birth in the indicated health service. Furthermore, one third (33.3%) had to travel in search of assisted birth, and the majority (66.7%) of the postpartum women came to maternity by their own means. In the bivariate analysis, the variables marital status, paid work, health insurance, number of previous pregnancies, parity, city location, and type of health establishment showed a significant association (p < 0.20) with inadequate access to childbirth care. The multivariate analysis showed that married adolescents and young people (p < 0.015), with no health insurance (p < 0.002) and from the countryside (p < 0.001) were more likely to have inadequate access to childbirth care. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents and young women, married, without health insurance, and from the countryside are more likely to have inadequate access to birth care. The articulation between outpatient care and birth care can improve this access and, consequently, minimize the maternal and fetal risks that arise from a lack of systematic hospitalization planning.

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Nutritional Profiles of US Adults with Suboptimal Dietary Creatine Intake

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000515916 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Sergej M. Ostojic

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Large Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Adult Participants ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

Using Data ◽

Nutritional Profiles

Introduction: Recent population-based studies reported an inadequate dietary intake of creatine, a conditionally essential nutrient that plays an important role in human metabolism. Methods: We analyzed here the nutritional profiles of US adults with low creatine consumption, using data from the 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Results: Among 4,004 NHANES adult participants that reported detailed dietary intake information, 2,611 (65.2%) were calculated to have dietary creatine intake below recommended levels of 1.00 g/day. The average daily creatine intake in this subpopulation was 0.52 ± 0.26 g (95% confidence interval, from 0.51 to 0.53). This was accompanied by a significantly lower dietary intake of meat-based protein, as compared to participants whose dietary creatine intake was equal to or above recommended levels (20.1 ± 10.2 g/day vs. 67.1 ± 30.4 g/day; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The large-scale rate of suboptimal dietary creatine intake found in this cross-sectional study warrants additional research, and calls for immediate public health measures fostering creatine-rich foods in human nutrition.

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Very high relative seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among communities in Bangui, Central African Republic

10.1101/2021.11.18.21266496 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Manirakiza ◽

Christian Malaka ◽

Brice Martial Yambiyo ◽

Saint Calver Henri Diemer ◽

Jean de Dieu Longo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Central African Republic ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Population Level ◽

Significant Degree ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Level

Background: Large-scale population-based seroprevalence studies of SARS-CoV-2 are essential to characterize the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to extrapolate the prevalence of presumptive immunity at the population level. Objective: The objective of our survey was to estimate the cumulative population immunity for COVID-19 and to identify individual characteristics associated with a positive serostatus. Method: This was a clustered cross-sectional study conducted from July 12 to August 20, 2021, in households in the city of Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic. Information regarding demographic characteristics (age, gender, and place of residence), comorbidities (chronic diseases) was collected. A venous blood sample was obtained for each participant to determine the level of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA kit. Results: All up, 799 participants were surveyed. The average age was 27 years, and 45.8% of the respondents were male (sex ratio: 0.8). The overall proportion of respondents with a positive serostatus was 74.1%. Participants over 20 years of age were twice as likely to have a positive serostatus, with an OR of 2.2 (95% CI: [1.6, 3.1]). Interpretation: The results of this survey revealed a high cumulative level of immunity in Bangui, thus indicating a significant degree of spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. The public health implications of this high level of immunity to SARS-CoV-2, particularly on its variants burden, remain to be determined.

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The Impact of Testicular Loss on The Psychopathology of Young Patients: Population-Based Analysis Of 4 Million Examinees of Manpower Administration Database

Klinička psihologija ◽

10.21465/2016-kp-p-0016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 147-147

Author(s):

S. Lee ◽

◽

J. Kim ◽

K. Moon ◽

J. Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Patients ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Abnormal Rate ◽

The Military ◽

The Impact

Objective: Patients of hypogonadism have high risk of depression and anxiety with impaired quality of life but the psychopathological impact of testicular loss without hypogonadism is rarely reported. We studied the impact of unilateral or bilateral testicular loss on psychopathology. Design and Method: We retrospectively analyzed 4 million cases of Manpower Administration (MA) database for the evaluation of the psychopathological status of men with testicular loss. For screening psychopathological status, we used the Military Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The examinees of testicular loss were defined at least 50% decrease of testicular volume at CT scan. The examinees without severe medical disability were classified as normal control group. The abnormal result of MMPI scale was defined as a score more than one standard deviation. Results: In this cross-sectional study, total 3932 unilateral testicular absent examinees (UTAE) and 203 bilateral testicular absent examinees (BTAE) were screened. After exclusion of examinees with abnormal response, total 3562 UTAEs and 171 BTAEs were included for final analysis. The abnormal rate of anxiety (15.5% vs. 9.5%), depression (18.3% vs. 10.6%), somatization (18.6% vs 8.7%) and personality disorder (16.8% vs. 13.7%) were higher in UTAE group than matched control. The abnormal rate of depression (18.3% vs. 15.8%) and somatization (18.6% vs. 12.6%) in UTAE group were even higher than in BTAE group. Conclusions: Our population based study suggests young patients with testicular loss are psychopathological vulnerable condition. More active psychopathological screening is indicated for young testicular loss patients.

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