Stress effects on the body

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Stress Effects

scholarly journals Role of Stress on Women’s Health: Causes and Prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Saleem ◽  
Shamsul Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
General Condition ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
After Hours ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intense Research

In recent years, stress has been the focus of intense research attention. Stress is a misfit between the demands of the environment and the individual’s abilities; the imbalance may be corrected, according to the situation, either by adjusting external demands to fit the individual or by strengthening the individual’s ability to cope or both. Everyone is exposed to stress, and a great number of people have experienced the traces of stress. Women are socialized to be the caretakers of others. More women than men have both a career outside the home and continue to try to juggle traditional responsibilities after hours. It has often been shown that women are the worriers and often do not make time to manage their health and take care of themselves. Stress is on the rise for women as they struggle to find a balance between their homes and careers. The recession has caused a greater need for women to work outside of the home to support their families. Health is a general condition of the body or mind with reference to soundness and vigor; it will be reflected by good or poor health. A poor health affects our mind, as a stressed life affects our health. The struggle that women confront each days trying to achieve the standards of being a daughter, women, wife, mother, house, and/ or career keeper puts us in a vulnerable position of presenting stress effects that may affect our health. And there are some preventive measures to cope with stress such as meditation, yoga, quality time etc.

A Descriptive Framework for the Evaluation of Stress Effects on Operator Performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Hancock ◽  
H.C.N. Ganey ◽  
M. Mouloua ◽  
E. Salas ◽  
R. Gilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Operator Performance ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Psychological Challenge ◽  
Descriptive Framework

In this paper we provide a general descriptive framework that relates the action of stress on operator performance capacity. The key advantage of our approach is that it allows us to capture simultaneously the influences of both physical and cognitive forms of stress and their singular and interactive effects on response efficiency. This is accomplished within the model since we propose that response processes to physiological challenge and psychological challenge are fundamentally identical in their mode of operation. By considering the commonalities of brain function with the response processes of other organs of the body, we can now use the extensive existing body of physiological insight to provide us with guiding principles to explore undoubtedly more complex cognitive responses to stress. This descriptive framework represents the foundation upon which a fully articulated theory of stress and performance is being erected.

Interoception, Stress, and Physical Symptoms in Stress-Associated Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Schulz ◽  
Dana Schultchen ◽  
Claus Vögele
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Axis ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
The Brain

Abstract. The brain and peripheral bodily organs continuously exchange information. Exemplary, interoception refers to the processing and perception of ascending information from the body to the brain. Stress responses involve a neurobehavioral cascade, which includes the activation of peripheral organs via neural and endocrine pathways and can thus be seen as an example for descending information on the brain-body axis. Hence, the interaction of interoception and stress represents bi-directional communication on the brain-body axis. The main hypothesis underlying this review is that the dysregulation of brain-body communication represents an important mechanism for the generation of physical symptoms in stress-related disorders. The aims of this review are, therefore, (1) to summarize current knowledge on acute stress effects on different stages of interoceptive signal processing, (2) to discuss possible patterns of abnormal brain-body communication (i.e., alterations in interoception and physiological stress axes activation) in mental disorders and chronic physical conditions, and (3) to consider possible approaches to modify interoception. Due to the regulatory feedback loops underlying brain-body communication, the modification of interoceptive processes (ascending signals) may, in turn, affect physiological stress axes activity (descending signals), and, ultimately, also physical symptoms.

scholarly journals Homeostasis and adaptation: pathophysiological aspects of somato-vegetative interaction in ontogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
A. A. Artemenkov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Internal Balance ◽  
Adaptive Reactions ◽  
Neurohumoral System

The review presents information on the somatovegetative interaction of blood circulation and respiration from the point of view of the views of Professor Yu.P. Pushkarev. Data are presented that speak of the complexity and complexity of the problem of homeostasis and adaptation, the unresolved many issues that are important for understanding the stability of the internal environment of the body and establishing the limits of the norm. It has been shown that within the neurohumoral system of the body, the interaction of various components of functional systems is constantly carried out, ensuring the conjugation of respiration and blood circulation with the formation of intersystem links. Some aspects of the formation of functions in animals and humans in postnatal ontogenesis are considered. It is emphasized that homeostasis is an internal balance of indicators in the body, but its values are constantly changing due to the center-peripheral integration of functions. It was emphasized that the process of achieving a beneficial adaptive result is characterized by the asymmetry of physiological indicators, and the intersystem interaction ensures the balancing of homeostasis constants in terms of adaptation to environmental conditions. It has been shown that over-threshold environmental influences and homeostasis parameters shift in the body, compensatory-adaptive reactions occur, aimed at maintaining a certain level of stationary state, eliminating or limiting the effect of the harmful factor and optimizing the interaction of the organism and the environment due to the formation of intersystem links. Analyzed the pathophysiological mechanisms of changes in function in certain diseases and stress effects. It is shown that the further study of the somatovegetative interaction in the context of the ideas of Yu.P. Pushkarev will allow revealing the true mechanisms of synchronization of functions in the organism of animals and humans in order to understand its existence as an independent self-regulating system.

Remifentanil Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Glutamate via Activation of PPARγ/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in Hippocampal Neuronal Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2128-2136
Author(s):  
Weihua Liu ◽  
Xinli Wang ◽  
Liangqin Du ◽  
Yanlin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ht22 Cells ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Excitotoxicity caused by glutamate severely damages the central nervous system, contributing to the progress of neurodegenerative diseases. Remifentanil is an ultra-short acting synthetic α-opioid receptor agonist and it protects the body against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a causative factor for neuronal cell death, contributing to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. More importantly, remifentanil has been confirmed to have neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of remifentanil on glutamate (Glu)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in hippocampal cells. In present study, the cell viability was detected via CCk-8 assay. The cell apoptosis was evaluated by tunel assay. Western blot was performed for measurement of protein expression level. Generation of ROS level was detected by the ROS Activity Assay Kit (KA3842, Abnova) and DCF-DA staining method. MDA and SOD levels were detected by corresponding kits. The results from the present study suggested that remifentanil enhanced cell viability, reduced cell apoptosis rate and prevented oxidative stress in glutamate-induced HT22 cells. The PPARγ/HO-1 pathway was activated by remifentanil. After inhibition of PPARγ/HO-1 pathway, the anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress effects of remifentanil were abolished. In conclusion, remifentanil has anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress effects on glutamate-induced HT22 Cells via PPARγ/HO-1 pathway. Hence, remifentanil is a promising agent for attenuation of cytotoxicity induced by glutamate, providing a new strategy for treatment of excitotoxicity caused by glutamate in the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Comparison of LedEmitting and Fluorescent Lighting on the Stress Evoked Cerebral Dysfunctions and Electric Activity of the Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Activity ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting

The study of the effect of LED lighting on the physiological functions of the body takes on a special role, taking into account the already proven facts of the effectiveness of such effects primarily on the organ of vision, especially on the retina, skin condition and various mechanisms of protein metabolism, as well as the activity of expression of certain genes. In our study, an attempt was made to study the role of this radiation on the main indicators of brain function under stress, especially the nature of changes in its bioelectric activity. It seems to us that this study will help to better understand the work of this key human organ in conditions of protective light-emitting radiation under various stress effects.

scholarly journals The use of ferment preparations to increase the defensive functions and to decrease the stress influence on calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Yu. Shchepetilnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Technological Regime ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Stress Influence ◽  
Stimulation Of

As a result of the studies, it was found that feeding calves with fodder enzyme preparations “Proxy” and “Respect” from 30 to 90 days of age in the composition of feed and contained under the conditions of the maximum permissible technological regime (GDTR) contributes to an increase in their live weight by 9, 9% and 10.2%, the intensity of their growth by 6% and 6.4%, gross growth – by 6.9% (p≤0.05). Enrichment of compound feed with enzymatic additives promoted an increase in the morphological and protein composition of the blood, as well as stimulation of cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific natural resistance of the body and a decrease in stress effects in calves.

scholarly journals Chronic Stress Effects on Tumor: Pathway and Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqing Hong ◽  
Min Ji ◽  
Dongmei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
Immune Monitoring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
Stress Effects

Chronic stress is an emotional experience that occurs when people encounter something they cannot adapt to. Repeated chronic stress increases the risk of a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, depression, endocrine disease, inflammation and cancer. A growing body of research has shown that there is a link between chronic stress and tumor occurrence in both animal studies and clinical studies. Chronic stress activates the neuroendocrine system (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) and sympathetic nervous system. Stress hormones promote the occurrence and development of tumors through various mechanisms. In addition, chronic stress also affects the immune function of the body, leading to the decline of immune monitoring ability and promote the occurrence of tumors. The mechanisms of chronic stress leading to tumor include inflammation, autophagy and epigenetics. These factors increase the proliferation and invasion capacity of tumor cells and alter the tumor microenvironment. Antagonists targeting adrenergic receptors have played a beneficial role in improving antitumor activity, as well as chemotherapy resistance and radiation resistance. Here, we review how these mechanisms contribute to tumor initiation and progression, and discuss whether these molecular mechanisms might be an ideal target to treat tumor.

scholarly journals Stress and nutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
E.S. Akarachkova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Belyaev ◽  
L.R. Kadyrova ◽  
L.V. Klimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Positive Coping ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
General Adaptation ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Prolonged Stress ◽  
Russian Medical

In recent years, there has been a tendency to identify stress with nervous tension, but stress is not only a reaction to unpleasant experiences or conflicts but also a general adaptation syndrome. All factors (of the external and internal environment) that affect homeostasis cause a stress reaction that is implemented in several stages. And anxiety, the purpose of which is to mobilize resources, is an important stage of this process. It is necessary to maintain homeostasis and adapt the body to new conditions. The ability of the body to properly allocate reserves and adapt to stress is called stress resistance. In case of prolonged stress, anxiety becomes pathological leading to adaptive reserve depletion, and, consequently, stress resistance decreases and vulnerability to any stressful factors increases. Could nutrition reduce anxiety and increase stress resistance? What adaptation mechanisms are damaged by regular improper nutrition? In this article, we tried to answer these questions. Regular consumption of certain foods creates favorable conditions for adaptation, reducing the burden of the stress consequences. A healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition, exercise, rest and the development of positive coping skills, can significantly change the ability to adapt, increase stress resistance and minimize the stress effects. KEYWORDS: food, stress, anxiety, stress resistance, homeostasis, adaptation syndrome. FOR CITATION: Akarachkova E.S., Belyaev A.A., Kadyrova L.R. et al. Stress and nutrition. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(5):316–321 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-5-316-321.

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