Individual differences and training methods

1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
And Training

Imperatives of Cognitive and Affective Skills for Innovative Problem Solving: A Fresh Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-671
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohan Babu. G. N. ◽  
Sushravya. G. M.
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
Affective Skills ◽  
And Training

Most educational models that prescribe teaching and training methods to groom school children into innovators fail to take a deeper view of engineering design methodology. Yet others tend to ignore the importance of human values which must be an integral part of any innovative design process.  In this paper, We would first disaggregate design capabilities into its constituent capabilities, namely, exploring, creating and converging capabilities, which we need to master to produce better products and services, and then show how the cognitive and affective skills proposed by Benjamin Bloom, and Anderson and Krathwohl in their educational models can directly and significantly contribute to these constituent capabilities. With an improved understanding of the eco-system needed for better design solutions, we suggest that the present education systems, especially in developing countries, be critically reviewed and reoriented from the perspective of producing quality innovative designers, regardless of the problem area.  

The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Nic M. Weststrate ◽  
Monika Ardelt ◽  
Justin Peter Brienza ◽  
Mengxi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
The Common ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
And Training ◽  
Contextual Differences

Interest in wisdom in the cognitive sciences, psychology, and education has been paralleled by conceptual confusions about its nature and assessment. To clarify these issues and promote consensus in the field, wisdom researchers met in Toronto in July of 2019, resolving disputes through discussion. Guided by a survey of scientists who study wisdom-related constructs, we established a common wisdom model, observing that empirical approaches to wisdom converge on the morally-grounded application of metacognition to reasoning and problem-solving. After outlining the function of relevant metacognitive and moral processes, we critically evaluate existing empirical approaches to measurement and offer recommendations for best practices. In the subsequent sections, we use the common wisdom model to selectively review evidence about the role of individual differences for development and manifestation of wisdom, approaches to wisdom development and training, as well as cultural, subcultural, and social-contextual differences. We conclude by discussing wisdom’s conceptual overlap with a host of other constructs and outline unresolved conceptual and methodological challenges.

Bahaya Penggunaan Formalin Sebagai Pengawet Bahan Makanan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Hasnidar Hasnidar ◽  
Andi Tamsil ◽  
Andi Akram
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Extension Activity ◽  
And Training

Fishery products are one of the products that have very limited durability and perishable so that the community, especially fishermen, preserve the product so that its freshness can last longer. One of the preservatives used is formalin, although it is very dangerous to human health. Some food products that contain formalin include: fresh fish, salted fish, tofu, wet noodles. Counseling on food safety needs to be continued widely to the public in various forms. This activity aims to educate and train partner groups on: 1) the dangers of formaldehyde on health; 2) characteristics of formalin food ingredients; 3) how to detect formalin foods; 4) eliminate / reduce formaldehyde levels in food products; 5) safe preservatives. The activities was carried out on February 7, 2019, in Desa Untia, Kecamatan Biringkanaya, Kota Makassar. The target group is fishermen and fisheries processors, as many as 23 people. The method used in service is counseling and training methods through lectures, discussions, and practice/training. The extension activity was attended by Untia village chiefs, local fisheries instructors, administrators of the All-Indonesian Fishermen Association (HNSI) and the target group. The activities went on smoothly and the target group enthusiastically attended counseling and training, because the knowledge/skills were needed to protect their families from the dangers of disease that could be caused by inappropriate use of formalin.

scholarly journals Restoring the real world records in Men’s swimming without high-tech swimsuits

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Gao ◽  
Yixing Li ◽  
Zhengxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Optimal Estimates ◽  
World Records ◽  
And Training

AbstractThe recently concluded 2019 World Swimming Championships was another major swimming competition that witnessed some great progresses achieved by human athletes in many events. However, some world records created 10 years ago back in the era of high-tech swimsuits remained untouched. With the advancements in technical skills and training methods in the past decade, the inability to break those world records is a strong indication that records with the swimsuit bonus cannot reflect the real progressions achieved by human athletes in history. Many swimming professionals and enthusiasts are eager to know a measure of the real world records had the high-tech swimsuits never been allowed. This paper attempts to restore the real world records in Men’s swimming without high-tech swimsuits by integrating various advanced methods in probabilistic modeling and optimization. Through the modeling and separation of swimsuit bias, natural improvement, and athletes’ intrinsic performance, the result of this paper provides the optimal estimates and the 95% confidence intervals for the real world records. The proposed methodology can also be applied to a variety of similar studies with multi-factor considerations.

Pruning and training.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Plant Form ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
And Training

Abstract Manipulation of plant growth via pruning and training methods has been carried out for as long as crops have been cultivated by man. These methods serve to not only improve the aesthetic value of ornamental plants, but also to increase yields, optimise fruit quality and prolong the productive life of horticultural crops. Pruning involves the selective removal of a diverse range of plant tissue. Branches, stems, roots, buds, flowers, leaves and young fruitlets may all be pruned depending on the purpose, species and growth form of the crop this is applied to. Training methods for horticultural applications are primarily used to support the plant and the weight of produce as it develops. Training structurally alters plant form, to alter the shape, size and direction of plant growth, it also allows optimal light interception and air flow and for ease of access for harvesting and other operations.

scholarly journals It's Not Just a Needlestick: Exploring Phlebotomists' Knowledge, Training, and Use of Comfort Measures in Pediatric Care to Improve the Patient Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-856
Author(s):  
Julie Piazza ◽  
Sandra Merkel ◽  
Harry Neusius ◽  
Susan Murphy ◽  
Joan Gargaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Child Life ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Topical Anesthetics ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background Blood draws are a routine element of the pediatric patient experience. They are also associated with the greatest fear and pain for a child. Because of the limited literature regarding phlebotomists' knowledge, experience, training, or stress related to their use of comfort techniques during pediatric blood draws, this study explored current practices and training methods. Phlebotomist training tends to focus on clinical technique rather than pediatric or patient comfort support. The study includes aims to develop a measurement for phlebotomists' use of comfort techniques for pediatric blood draws. Method Focus groups of parent advocates (n = 24) and pediatric phlebotomists (n = 11) reviewed the survey questionnaire, and it was revised before being e-mailed to hospital system phlebotomists (n = 128). Results Almost half of the sample group lacked training in child development. The most frequently used comfort measures were words of explanation and reassurance, positioning of the child, and distraction. Requesting child life specialist support and using pain management devices or topical anesthetics were used less often. Primary challenges to performing pediatric blood draws were anxious patients and parents. Conclusion Phlebotomists' use of available comfort measures occurs infrequently. Including child development and comfort techniques in training programs is essential to providing pediatric patients with a more satisfactory experience.

EXAMINING THE CHIR ALGORITHM PERFORMANCE FOR MULTILAYER NETWORKS AND CONTINUOUS INPUT VECTORS

1992 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
D. Saad ◽  
R. Sasson
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Algorithm ◽  
Training Problem ◽  
Algorithm Performance ◽  
Internal Representations ◽  
Matrix Modification ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Continuous Input ◽  
And Training

Learning by Choice of Internal Representations (CHIR) is a training algorithm presented by Grossman et al.1 based on modification of the Internal Representations (IR) along side of the direct weight matrix modification performed in conventional training methods. This algorithm was presented in several versions aimed to tackle the various training problems of nets with continuous and binary weights, multilayer and multi-output-neuron nets and training without storing the Internal Representations. The capability of one of these versions, the CHIR2 algorithm, to tackle multilayer training tasks of nets with continuous input vectors is examined in this paper. A comparison between the performance of this algorithm and of the Backpropagation algorithm2 is carried out via extensive computer simulations for the “two-spirals” problem, aimed to classify two classes of dots forming two intertwined spirals. The CHIR24 algorithm shows a rapid convergence rate for this problem, an order of magnitude faster than the results reported for the BP training algorithm (as well as those obtained by us) regarding the same training problem and network architecture.11 Moreover, the CHIR2 algorithm finds solution nets for the above mentioned problem with reduced architectures, reported as hard to solve by the BP training algorithm.11

scholarly journals PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN SOSIAL MEDIA UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN AKSES PASAR BAGI UMKM KABUPATEN SERANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446
Author(s):  
Sindy Yulia Putri ◽  
Wiwiek Rukmi Dwi Astuti ◽  
Nurmasari Situmeang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Service Program ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Develop Market ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
And Training

With advances in digital technology, MSMEs have great opportunities to take part in it. Various SMEs in Serang Regency are still experiencing problems in promoting their merchandise. This community service program (PKM) aims to transfer knowledge about the use of social media to develop market access for MSMEs in Serang Regency. Indonesia is still facing the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, the socialization and training methods are carried out through online webinars with interactive discussion. This discussion is useful for finding solutions to problems faced by MSME business actors in operating social media to increase income. The result of this PKM is that the participants understand the webinar material well. As many as 72.7% of participants have and will create virtual shops to promote their products and 63.6% of participants strongly agree that the ability to use social media is a must have to increase market access for MSME products.

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