Improved functionality of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01 in alleviating colonic inflammation by layer-by-layer microencapsulation

AbstractThe low viability during gastrointestinal transit and poor mucoadhesion considerably limits the effectiveness of Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01 (Li01) in regulating gut microbiota and alleviating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, a delivery system was designed through layer-by-layer (LbL) encapsulating a single Li01cell with chitosan and alginate. The layers were strengthened by cross-linking to form a firm and mucoadhesive shell (~10 nm thickness) covering the bacterial cell. The LbL Li01 displayed improved viability under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and mucoadhesive function. Almost no cells could be detected among the free Li01 after 2 h incubation in digestive fluids, while for LbL Li01, the total reduction was around 3 log CFU/mL and the viable number of cells remained above 6 log CFU/mL. Besides, a 5-fold increase in the value of rupture length and a two-fold increase in the number of peaks were found in the (bacteria-mucin) adhesion curves of LbL Li01, compared to those of free Li01. Oral administration with LbL Li01 on colitis mice facilitated intestinal barrier recovery and restoration of the gut microbiota. The improved functionality of Li01 by LbL encapsulation could increase the potential for the probiotic to be used in clinical applications to treat IBD; this should be explored in future studies.

Download Full-text

Mediterranean Diet to Prevent the Development of Colon Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Gut Microbiota Studies

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2234

Author(s):

Oscar Illescas ◽

Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa ◽

Manuela Gariboldi

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Preventive Measure ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Preventive Method ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Colon Diseases ◽

Cancer And Inflammation

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a common feature in colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Adoption of the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for the prevention of multiple diseases, and one of its mechanisms of action is the modulation of the microbiota. We aimed to determine whether MD can be used as a preventive measure against cancer and inflammation-related diseases of the gut, based on its capacity to modulate the local microbiota. A joint meta-analysis of publicly available 16S data derived from subjects following MD or other diets and from patients with CRC, IBD, or other gut-related diseases was conducted. We observed that the microbiota associated with MD was enriched in bacteria that promote an anti-inflammatory environment but low in taxa with pro-inflammatory properties capable of altering intestinal barrier functions. We found an opposite trend in patients with intestinal diseases, including cancer. Some of these differences were maintained even when MD was compared to healthy controls without a defined diet. Our findings highlight the unique effects of MD on the gut microbiota and suggest that integrating MD principles into a person’s lifestyle may serve as a preventive method against cancer and other gut-related diseases.

Download Full-text

Gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: moving from basic science to clinical applications

Human Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00439-020-02218-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Valerie Collij ◽

Marjolein A. Y. Klaassen ◽

Rinse K. Weersma ◽

Arnau Vich Vila

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Basic Science ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Download Full-text

Study Insights into Gastrointestinal Cancer through the Gut Microbiota

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/8721503 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fanli Kong ◽

Yi Cai

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Human Gut ◽

Future Studies ◽

Common Cancer ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Gi Cancers

The gut microbiome in human is recognized as a “microbial organ” for its roles and contributions in regulating the human homeostasis and metabolism. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, especially colorectal cancer (CRC), rank as the most common cancer-related deaths worldwide. Evidences have suggested that the disorder of gut microbiota, also named as “dysbiosis,” is related to the development of a variety of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the CRC. However, detailed mechanisms between disease and gut microbiota remain largely unknown. This review introduced the correlation between gastrointestinal diseases and the microbiota in human gut from the recent studies, as well as the roles of microbiota in manipulating the CRC and IBDs development, in order to facilitate future studies and to develop novel methods for the precaution, diagnosis, or even cure of gastrointestinal diseases. Additionally, we also elucidated the possibility of probiotics in treatment against CRC.

Download Full-text

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Intestinal Inflammation with Respect to Diet and Extrinsic Stressors

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7080271 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 271 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Stefani Lobionda ◽

Panida Sittipo ◽

Hyog Young Kwon ◽

Yun Kyung Lee

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Environmental Stressors ◽

Intestinal Barrier Function ◽

Symbiotic Relationship ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Host Metabolism ◽

The Relationship

The gut microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and regulates several important functions including host metabolism, immunity, and intestinal barrier function. Intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are commonly associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Alterations in the gut microbiota and associated changes in metabolites as well as disruptions in the intestinal barrier are evidence of the relationship between the gut microbiota and intestinal inflammation. Recent studies have found that many factors may alter the gut microbiota, with the effects of diet being commonly-studied. Extrinsic stressors, including environmental stressors, antibiotic exposure, sleep disturbance, physical activity, and psychological stress, may also play important roles in altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Herein, we discuss the roles of the gut microbiota in intestinal inflammation in relation to diet and other extrinsic stressors.

Download Full-text

Ganoderma applanatum polysaccharides and ethanol extracts promote the recovery of colitis through intestinal barrier protection and gut microbiota modulations

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo03677g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Miaoyu Li ◽

Leilei Yu ◽

Qixiao Zhai ◽

Bingshu Liu ◽

Jianxin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Intestinal Homeostasis ◽

Ganoderma Applanatum ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with intestinal homeostasis dysregulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Ganoderma applanatum extracts (G. applanatum polysaccharides (GAP) and...

Download Full-text

Relationship between gut microbiota, gut hyperpermeability, and obesity

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867327666200721160313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Amin Gasmi ◽

Pavan Kumar Mujawdiya ◽

Lyudmila Pivina ◽

Alexandru Doşa ◽

Yuliya Semenova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Close Relation ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Low Grade Inflammation ◽

The Relationship

: Intestinal hyperpermeability is a complex metabolic process mediated by different pathways in close relation to the gut microbiota. Previous studies suggested that the gut microbiota is involved in different metabolic regulations, and its imbalance is associated with several metabolic diseases, including obesity. It is well known that intestinal hyperpermeability is associated with dysbiosis, and the combination of these two conditions can lead to an increase in the level of low-grade inflammation in obese patients due to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Inflammatory bowel syndrome often accompanies this condition causing an alteration of the intestinal mucosa and thus reinforcing the dysbiosis and gut hyperpermeability. The onset of metabolic disorders depends on violations of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as a result of increased intestinal permeability. Chronic inflammation due to endotoxemia is responsible for the development of obesity. Metabolic disorders are associated with dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and with an altered composition of gut flora. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms that illustrate the relationship between hyperpermeability, the composition of the gut microbiota, and obesity.

Download Full-text

Fructooligosaccharides supplementation alleviated the pathological immune response and prevented the impairment of intestinal barrier in DSS-induced acute colitis mice

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo01147b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Minjing Liao ◽

Yuanfang Zhang ◽

Yilan Qiu ◽

Zhengchun Wu ◽

Zhihong Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Immune Response ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Acute Colitis ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

The dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The manipulation of intestinal flora through prebiotics or probiotics is expected to...

Download Full-text