Association between lipid profiles and presence of carotid plaque

AbstractIt is indicated that lipids profiles are associated with carotid plaque and Atherosclerosis. However, studies about the relationship between serum lipid profiles and carotid plaque composition in Chinese Population is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 3,214 participants between January 2015 and December 2017 in China, to investigate the association between various lipid profiles and the prevalence of carotid plaque. Logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between plasma lipid profiles and odds of carotid plaque. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the mean plasma lipid profiles among different number and composition of carotid artery plaques. HDL-C, Non-HDL-C levels, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaque; HDL-C, LDL-C, Non-HDL-C levels, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly associated with the presence of common carotid artery (CCA) plaque. Compare with participants without carotid plaque, increased level of LDL-C/HDL-C was found in those with echolucent/polytype plaque. Similarly, compared with participants without CCA plaque, increased level of LDL-C/HDL-C was found in those with echolucent plaque. In conclusion, we found that serum HDL-C, Non-HDLc level, TC/HDLc, and LDLc/HDLc were all associated with the prevalence of carotid plaque, and LDL-C/HDL-C differed among different group of carotid plaque composition.

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Plaque Length Predicts the Incidence of Microembolic Signals in Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2021/2005369 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Liming Zhao ◽

Hongqin Zhao ◽

Yicheng Xu ◽

Aijuan Zhang ◽

Jiatang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽

Carotid Plaque ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Artery Stenosis ◽

Anterior Circulation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Microembolic signals (MES) of the carotid artery are associated with plaque destabilization and reoccurrence of stroke. Previous studies have focused primarily on the degree of carotid artery stenosis and plaque components, and the relationship between plaque length and microembolic sign has received little attention. We aimed to find the association between carotid plaque length (CPL) and the presence of MES. We conducted a retrospective observational cross-sectional study. A total of 84 acute anterior-circulation ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients with carotid artery atherosclerosis were classified into an MES-positive (MES+) group and MES-negative (MES−) group. We measured multiple parameters of carotid plaque size (length, thickness) in each patient and evaluated the relationship between different plaque parameters and occurrence of MES. We found that male, carotid artery stenosis (CAS), CPL, carotid plaque thickness (CPT), and intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery were each significantly different between two groups (all P < 0.05 ). The multivariate analysis showed CPL (odds ratio (OR), 1.109; 95% CI, 1.044–1.177; P = 0.001 ) to be independently associated with the presence of MES. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) for CPL for predicting MES were 0.777 (95% CI, 0.640–0.914; P < 0.001 ). The cutoff value of CPL for predicting MES was 16.7 mm, with a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 77.6%. We found that CPL was a meaningful independent predictor of MES. Therefore, CPL may be useful for risk stratification of long and nonstenotic plaques in anterior circulation stroke.

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Abstract P334: The Relationship Between Urinary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio And High Blood Pressure: TMM CommCohort Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mana Kogure ◽

Tomohiro Nakamura ◽

Naho Tsuchiya ◽

Takumi Hirata ◽

Akira Narita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High K ◽

Prevention Of Hypertension ◽

The Relationship ◽

Low K

Introduction: Recently, the balance between sodium and potassium intake, i.e. sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio, has received significant attention for prevention of hypertension. Previous studies reported the positive association between urinary Na/K (uNa/K) ratio and hypertension. However, even the same uNa/K ratio value, there might be high Na/ high K ratio or low Na/ low K ratio. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that blood pressure (BP) is higher in high Na/ high K group than that in low Na/ low K group even at the same uNa/K ratio in general population in cross-sectional study. Methods: The subjects were 20 to 74 years old who participated in The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Community-based Cohort Study. Of these participants, we targeted 54,011 subjects (men: 20,505 women: 33,506 mean age: 59.9 years) who had information of BP, urinary Na and K. We estimated 24-h urinary excretion of Na and K using Tanaka formula. Urinary Na and K were each classified into quartiles (Na; Q1~Q4, K; Q1~Q4), and set all 16 groups of uNa/K ratio by combining Na and K respectively. To assess the relationship between casual uNa/K ratio and BP, we performed an analysis of covariance to calculate the adjusted mean systolic BP (SBP). We included covariate factors as age, sex, BMI and alcohol intake. We also assessed the relationship between uNa/K ratio and SBP using multiple regression analyses adjusted for covariate factors. We stratified the participants into two groups: ‘under treatment for hypertension’ (n=17,091) and ‘without treatment for hypertension (n=36,920)’. Results: The mean of uNa/K ratio for each group of Na (Q1)/K(Q1), Na (Q2)/K(Q2), Na (Q3)/K(Q3) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) was all 4.0. As previous report showed, higher uNa/K ratio group showed higher SBP and lower uNa/K group showed lower BP. When we compared adjusted mean SBP of Na (Q1)/K(Q1) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) the value were comparable, but the value were significantly higher in Na (Q4)/K(Q4) group (The adjusted mean SBP of Na (Q1)/K(Q1), Na (Q2)/K(Q2), Na (Q3)/K(Q3) and Na (Q4)/K(Q4) was 123.6, 124.9, 124.7 and 125.5 mmHg, respectively). The uNa/K was significantly positively associated with SBP independently of age, sex, BMI, and alcohol intake. The finding was unchanged the results in under treatment group. Conclusions: BP was significantly higher in high Na/ high K group than in low Na/ low K group even at the same uNa/K ratio. We suggested that not only increasing K intake but also reducing salt is important for preventing hypertension.

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The Correlation Between Arterial Lactate and Venous Lactate in Patients With Sepsis and Septic Shock

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.1177/0885066616663169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 116-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pongdhep Theerawit ◽

Chalermpon Na Petvicharn ◽

Viratch Tangsujaritvijit ◽

Yuda Sutherasan

Keyword(s):

Characteristic Curve ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arterial Lactate ◽

Paired Samples ◽

The Mean ◽

Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽

The Relationship

Background: Applying peripheral venous lactate instead of arterial lactate in clinical practice is questionable because of deviation between both values. We aimed to find the relationship between the arterial lactate and the peripheral venous lactate before reasoned that the venous lactate could be used in substitution to the arterial lactate in sepsis. Methods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study at a university hospital. The patients with sepsis in ICU who required lactate level monitoring were enrolled in this research. The correlation and agreement between arterial lactate (A-LACT) and peripheral venous lactate (V-LACT) were the primary outcomes. Results: A total of 63 paired samples were collected. The A-LACT and V-LACT were strongly correlated ( r = .934, P < .0001, r2 = .873). The regression equation was A-LACT = (0.934 × V-LACT) − 0.236. The mean difference between V-LACT and A-LACT was 0.66 ± 1.53 mmol/L. The 95% limits of agreement were between −3.66 and 2.33 mmol/L. The V-LACT ≥ 4 mmol/L can predict A-LACT level ≥ 4 mmol/L with 87.5% sensitivity and 91.5% specificity, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.948. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a strong correlation between A-LACT and V-LACT, but an agreement between both parameters was poor. We suggest not to use the V-LACT in substitution to the A-LACT in sepsis regarding the absolute value and clearance rate, but the V-LACT ≥ 4.5 mmol/L may be used for predicting the A-LACT ≥ 4 mmol/L.

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The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Resmiye Özdilek ◽

Yılda Arzu Aba ◽

Sena Dilek Aksoy ◽

Bulat Aytek Şık ◽

Yaşam Kemal Akpak

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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TL 18165 - Relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis

Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle ◽

10.30795/scijfootankle.2019.v13.1075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽

pp. 96S

Author(s):

Henrique Mansur ◽

Guilherme Gonçalves Feijó Carvalho ◽

Isnar Moreira de Castro Júnior

Keyword(s):

Lower Limb ◽

Plantar Fasciitis ◽

Plantar Fascia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Calcaneal Spur ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammatory process of multifactorial etiology that affects the origin of the plantar fascia and surrounding structures. A difference in length between lower limbs is relatively common within the population and can sometimes cause changes in biomechanics and symptoms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to measure the length of the lower limbs by scanometry in patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Other risk factors, such as body mass index, foot shape and the presence of plantar calcaneal spur, were also assessed in foot radiographs. Results: Of the 54 patients included in the study, 44.4% were men, and the mean age was 50.38 (23-73 years); 81.5% had pain in one foot, and 53.7% had feet that were considered plantigrade. We observed dysmetria in 88.9% of the sample, with a mean of 0.749 cm (SD ±0.63). In addition, 46.3% feet with pain showed calcaneal spurs on the radiographs. Conclusion: Approximately 90% of patients showed lower-limb dysmetria and, in most cases, the side with the shorter limb was affected by plantar fasciitis

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The Relationship Between Defense Mechanisms and Nurses’ Occupational Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.5812/ijpbs.106716 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Forouzan Elyasi ◽

Seyed Mohammad Hosseininejad ◽

Parisa Islami Parkoohi ◽

Mahsa Kamali ◽

Marzieh Azizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Relationship ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Occupational Burnout ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Background: Occupational burnout is a psychological syndrome that occurs in response to chronic stress in the workplace. Nowadays, it is known as one of the most important consequences of occupational stress. Defense mechanisms may also affect occupational burnout. Objectives: Since burnout is an important factor influencing the productivity of nurses, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the defense mechanisms and occupational burnout among nurses in the educational hospitals of an urban area in Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 318 nurses who had at least one-year of work experience in four educational hospitals in Sari city, Iran, in 2018. Sampling was performed using the proportional stratified sampling method. The data were collected by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale, psychological Defense Styles questionnaire (DSQ-40), and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS software V.20. Results: A total of 318 nurses were studied, 13 (4.1%) of the nurses had a burnout. The mean score of the dimension of emotional exhaustion (EE) was 17.49, in the dimension of depersonalization (DP) it was 5.42, and in the dimension of personal achievement (PA) it was 31.58. They indicated a low level of occupational burnout, and the mean scores of FE, DP, and PA subscales indicated a low level of occupational burnout. The use of more mature defense mechanisms had a significant negative correlation with the increase of the EE score (rho = -0.210, P < 0.001), but no significant relationship was reported with other aspects of burnout. Increased use of immature defense mechanisms had a direct correlation with the increase in the score of DP (rho = 0.255 and P < 0.001), but had a significant inverse relationship with the PA score (rho = -0.238 and P < 0.001) and no significant relationship with EE (P = 0.627). No significant relationship was found between the use of neurotic defense mechanisms and burnout dimensions (PEE = 0.119, PDP = 0.174, and PPA = 0.127). Conclusions: Since there is a significant relationship between defense mechanisms and occupational burnout, using the components of defense mechanisms in job interviews can lead to choosing appropriate nurses to perform different tasks in different settings, in accordance with individual and psychological characteristics. Also, teaching problem-solving skills, stress management, and useful information can improve defense mechanisms, nurses’ job performance, and patient satisfaction.

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The Relationship Between Social Support From Family and Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.32598/jhnm.30.4.2045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 217-223

Author(s):

Ismail Toygar ◽

Öznur Usta Yeşilbalkan ◽

Merve Kürkütlü ◽

Tuğba Akgün

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Social Support ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Improving the Quality of Life (QoL) is considered one of the main objectives in the care of cancer patients. Achieving this objective, it is essential to determine the factors affecting QoL in cancer patients. The studies in the literature have determined the effects of various factors on QoL but social support from family has remained to be studied. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between perceived social support from family and QoL in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in an oncology unit of a university hospital in İzmir City, Turkey, from March to October 2019. A convenience sample of 276 cancer patients participated in the study. A patient identification form, the Perceived Social Support from family scale (PSS-Family), and the Quality of Life index-cancer version (QLI-C) were used for data collection. The scores of PSS-Family and QLI-C range from 0 to 20 and from 66 to 396, respectively. Regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of perceived social support from family on QoL. Results: Of the participants, 65.2% were female. The Mean±SD age of the study sample was 47.5±14.4 years. Also, the Mean±SD scores of PSS-Family and QLI-C were 16.43±3.01 and 307.77±27.48, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that perceived social support from family was associated with a relative increase in QoL index (B=3.44, P=0.001, R2=0.141). Conclusion: Perceived social support from family is positively associated with QoL in cancer patients. Nurses should consider this relationship when they plan to improve the QoL of cancer patients.

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The relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital commitment among married women in Iran

Revista Ártemis ◽

10.22478/ufpb.1807-8214.2021v31n1.56553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zeinab Jalambadani ◽

Ahmad Sharifnezhad ◽

Sara Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Sexual Satisfaction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Married Women ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Marital Commitment ◽

The Mean ◽

Spss Software ◽

The Relationship

Sexual satisfaction is one of the factors affecting interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital commitment among married women in Neyshabur, Iran in 2019. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 married women. The instruments used were Larsson sexual satisfaction and marital commitment Adams questionnaire. The collected data were entered in to SPSS software with version 20 and using descriptive statistic methods, The Pearson’s correlation analysis and ANOVA tests were used. The mean age of women was 23.92±3.96 years. In addition, 7(2.12%), 37(11.21%), 148(44.84%) and 138(41.81%) of women showed zero, low, moderate, and high levels of sexual satisfaction. Marital commitment was positively correlated with the overall sexual satisfaction (r = 0.67, P < 0.001). Moreover, marital commitment was associated with High sexual satisfaction n (r = .69, p < .001), Medium sexual satisfaction (r=.52, p < .001), Law of sexual satisfaction (r=.39, p < .001) Lack of sexual satisfaction (r=.19, p < .001), subscales of sexual satisfaction. Women with shorter marriage levels had higher sexual satisfaction and marital commitment. Therefore, health planners should adopt strategies to increase sexual satisfaction, marital commitment in women with longer marriage levels.

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DETERMINATION OF THE COMBINED WIDTH OF MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH USING INNERCANTHAL DISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO AGE GENDER AND ETHINICITY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71isuppl-1.4331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽

pp. S164-69

Author(s):

Naseer Ahmed ◽

Maria Shakoor Abbasi ◽

Danish Azeem Khan ◽

Shiza Khalid ◽

Warda Jawed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Gender Disparities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Weak Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width withrespect to age, gender and ethnicity. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, from Aug 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: One hundred participants from both genders with full permanent dentition, no interdental space or pathology and facial symmetry were included in this study. The measurements were carried out with digital Vernier caliper. SPSS-25 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of inner canthal distance and width of maxillary anterior teeth were 2.99cm ± 0.46and 3.82cm ± 0.35 respectively. A significant difference was found between gender (p=0.037) and inner canthaldistance. The maxillary anterior teeth width and inner canthal distance varies amongst different ethnicities(p=0.01). The inner canthal distance does not vary with advancing age (p=0.87) whereas width of maxillaryanterior teeth varies (p=0.04). A weak correlation value of 0.47 was found between inner canthal distance andmaxillary anterior teeth width. Conclusion: This research suggests that there is a weak relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary anterior teeth width. Therefore, a multiplication ratio of 1.27 is advised to get combined mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth. Additionally, the value of both differs in various local ethnicities. Inner canthal distance does not vary with age though has significant gender disparities while maxillary anterior teeth width remains constant.

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The relationship between levels of Alexithymia and communication skills of nursing students

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.2.604 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Behire Sancar ◽

Demet Aktas

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Communication Skills ◽

Nursing Student ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Effective Communication ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Spring Semester ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Background & Objective: Effective communication in the nursing profession is not just a personal skill but is accepted as a learned and gained technique in the instructional process. It is possible for nurses to professionally provide effective and quality service with the establishment, development, and transfer to emotion of effective communication with people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of alexithymia and communication skills of nursing students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among students attending the School of Nursing in a university in Turkey in the 2017-2018 Spring semester. A total of 634 nursing students participated in the study. The data in the study were collected with the “Student Introduction Form”, the “Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)” and the “Communication Skills Scale (CSS)”. Means, standard deviations, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used for the analysis. Results: The mean TAS scores of the nursing students were found to be 56.31±8.82, and the students had “moderate alexithymia” based on the average scores of the scale. The mean CSS scores of the nursing students in the study was found to be 91.16±12.99, and the students had “Good level of communication” based on the average scores of the scale. In our study, a negative and moderate correlation between the levels of alexithymia of nursing students and their communication skills was detected (p: 0.001). Conclusion: It was found that as the levels of alexithymia of nursing student increased, their communication skills decreased. How to cite this:Sancar B, Aktas D. The relationship between levels of Alexithymia and communication skills of nursing students. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.604 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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