scholarly journals Aggressive behaviour is affected by demographic, environmental and behavioural factors in purebred dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salla Mikkola ◽  
Milla Salonen ◽  
Jenni Puurunen ◽  
Emma Hakanen ◽  
Sini Sulkama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Purebred Dogs

AbstractAggressive behaviour is an unwanted and serious problem in pet dogs, negatively influencing canine welfare, management and public acceptance. We aimed to identify demographic and environmental factors associated with aggressive behaviour toward people in Finnish purebred pet dogs. We collected behavioural data from 13,715 dogs with an owner-completed online questionnaire. Here we used a dataset of 9270 dogs which included 1791 dogs with frequent aggressive behaviour toward people and 7479 dogs without aggressive behaviour toward people. We studied the effect of several explanatory variables on aggressive behaviour with multiple logistic regression. Several factors increased the probability of aggressive behaviour toward people: older age, being male, fearfulness, small body size, lack of conspecific company, and being the owner’s first dog. The probability of aggressive behaviour also differed between breeds. These results replicate previous studies and suggest that improvements in the owner education and breeding practices could alleviate aggressive behaviour toward people while genetic studies could reveal associated hereditary factors.

Risk Factors Associated with Lifespan in Pet Dogs Evaluated in Primary Care Veterinary Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvan R. Urfer ◽  
Mansen Wang ◽  
Mingyin Yang ◽  
Elizabeth M. Lund ◽  
Sandra L. Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pet Dogs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dental Scaling ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Purebred Dogs ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The objective of this population-based retrospective cohort study was to identify factors associated with lifespan in pet dogs evaluated at primary care veterinary hospitals. Dogs ≥3 mo of age that visited any of 787 US hospitals at least twice from January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2012, were included. Survival curves were constructed for dogs by reproductive status, breed, body size, and purebreed (versus mixed-breed) status. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to identify factors associated with lifespan. There were 2,370,078 dogs included in the study, of whom 179,466 (7.6%) died during the study period. Mixed-breed dogs lived significantly longer than purebred dogs, and this difference was more pronounced as body size increased. Controlling for other factors, dogs of either sex had a greater hazard of death over the study follow-up period if sexually intact rather than gonadectomized. For dogs who lived to 2 yr of age, the hazard of death decreased with increasing frequency of dental scaling. Our findings support previous reports of the impact of body size and gonadectomy on lifespan and provide new evidence in support of ultrasonic dental scaling and mixed breeding.

scholarly journals Burnout Syndrome during Residency Training in Jordan: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Abdullah Nimer ◽  
Suzan Naser ◽  
Nesrin Sultan ◽  
Rawand Said Alasad ◽  
Alexander Rabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Healthcare Professions

Burnout syndrome is common among healthcare professions, including resident physicians. We aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Jordan, and a secondary aim was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the development of burnout syndrome in those residents, including gender, working hours, psychological distress, training sector, and specialty. In this cross-sectional study, 481 residents were recruited utilizing multistage stratified sampling to represent the four major health sectors in Jordan. Data were collected using an online questionnaire, where the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) was used to assess the prevalence of burnout. The prevalence, group differences, and predictors of burnout were statistically analyzed using STATA 15. Overall, 373 (77.5%) residents were found to have burnout. Factors associated with higher levels of burnout were psychological stress (β = 2.34, CI = [1.88–2.81]), longer working hours (β = 4.07, CI = [0.52–7.62], for 51–75 h a week, β = 7.27, CI = [2.86–11.69], for 76–100 h a week and β = 7.27, CI = [0.06–14.49], for >100 h a week), and obstetrics/gynecology residents (β = 9.66, CI = [3.59–15.73]). Conversely, medical sub-specialty residents, as well as private and university hospital residents, had lower burnout levels. We concluded that decreasing the workload on residents, offering psychological counseling, and promoting a safety culture for residents might help in mitigating burnout consequences.

scholarly journals A Review of Colorectal Cancer in Terms of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Development, Symptoms and Diagnosis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sawicki ◽  
Monika Ruszkowska ◽  
Anna Danielewicz ◽  
Ewa Niedźwiedzka ◽  
Tomasz Arłukowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Disease Stages

This review article contains a concise consideration of genetic and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer. Known risk factors associated with colorectal cancer include familial and hereditary factors and lifestyle-related and ecological factors. Lifestyle factors are significant because of the potential for improving our understanding of the disease. Physical inactivity, obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption can also be addressed through therapeutic interventions. We also made efforts to systematize available literature and data on epidemiology, diagnosis, type and nature of symptoms and disease stages. Further study of colorectal cancer and progress made globally is crucial to inform future strategies in controlling the disease’s burden through population-based preventative initiatives.

scholarly journals Environmental and behavioural factors associated with Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in the district of Lalo in Benin: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Gimatal Esaï Anagonou ◽  
Ghislain Emmanuel Sopoh ◽  
Chabi Alphonse Biaou ◽  
Yves Thierry Barogui ◽  
Anita Carolle Wadagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mycobacterium Ulcerans ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals A comprehensive analysis on cigarettes smoking and its determinants in Bangladesh using logistic regression model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Afrin Sadia Rumana ◽  
Asia Khatun ◽  
Sukanta Das
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Household Economic Status

Background: In Bangladesh, smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of death. Despite possessing knowledge about the consequences of smoking and the resultant non-communicable diseases, individuals have become considerably habituated to it. The study aims to identify the factors associated with smoking cigarettes and as well as to examine the existing situation of this issue among adult males in Bangladesh.Methods: Total 480 adult males were surveyed from Bangladesh through personal interview and online questionnaire, (from June 2018 to June 2019). To measure the effect of the explanatory variables on cigarettes smoking, authors perform χ2 test of independence as bivariate analysis. After performing bivariate analysis, a logistic regression analysis has been performed to assess the effect of the explanatory variables.Results: Findings of the study revealed that educational level, household economic status, media exposure, division have significant contribution for smoking cigarettes among the adult male in Bangladesh. A comparison of religious affiliation showed smoking cigarettes to be higher among non-muslim counterparts. Respondents living in rural area are found to have smoking cigarettes comparing with urban area.Conclusions: From the study it can be concluded that education and socio-economic status of male make a significant contribution in cigarettes smoking.

scholarly journals Psychological and behavioural factors associated with sexual risk behaviour among Slovak students

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Kalina ◽  
Andrea M Geckova ◽  
Pavol Jarcuska ◽  
Olga Orosova ◽  
Jitse P van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Behavioural Factors

Demand-side Factors for Financial Inclusion: A Cross-country Empirical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 163-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigzin Yangdol ◽  
Mandira Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Country Specific

The importance of an inclusive financial system in the overall growth and economic development of a nation is well recognized. While most studies on financial inclusion use supply-side data, this article presents a demand-side analysis of factors associated with financial inclusion. Making use of a large cross-country data on financial inclusion status and individual characteristics of adult individuals, we econometrically establish that individual characteristics and economic circumstances play very significant role in determining financial inclusion of adult individuals, after taking into account other factors of the country. The article uses three indicators of financial inclusion and several explanatory variables such as country-specific factor (gross domestic product [GDP] per capita), individual characteristics and individual economic circumstances of adult individuals from different countries. We find that in general, being woman, less educated, jobless and poor are negatively associated with financial inclusion of individuals. Enhanced level of education and income, in general, enhances likelihood of financial inclusion. These findings should be taken into account while formulating policies towards promotion of financial inclusion.

scholarly journals Psycho-behavioral factors associated with neurocognitive performance among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Accra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-596
Author(s):  
Nana Asiedu ◽  
Irene Kretchy ◽  
Emmanuel Asampong
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hiv Management ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Selection Of

Background: It is estimated that almost half of all people living with HIV have some form of neurocognitive impairment, but few studies have looked at the risk of neurocognitive impairment and its associated factors in Ghana, due in part to limited resources for such testing. Objective: To examine neurocognitive performance in a group of Ghanaians living with HIV and possible factors that contribute to their performance. Methods: One hundred and four patients were assessed using a selection of brief non-invasive neuropsychological assess- ments as well as the International HIV Dementia Scale. Psycho-behavioural factors (alcohol use, depression, and medication adherence) as well as demographic characteristics and functional daily activities were assessed to determine their association with neurocognitive performance, using linear regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results: About 48% of the participants met the criteria for risk of neurocognitive impairment. Age, education, and symp- toms of depression were found to be significantly associated with the risk of impairment. Conclusion: Some people living with HIV showed risk of neurocognitive impairment, which was significantly associated with education, age and depressive symptoms. It is therefore important to consider routine neurocognitive screening in HIV management to recognize any risks for early interventions. Keywords: ART adherence; depression; neurologic disease.

scholarly journals Factor associated with self-reported work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Brazilian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Ávila Assunção ◽  
Mery Natali Silva Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) and analyze the factors associated with this outcome in the Brazilian population. METHODS In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we use data from the National Survey on Health (PNS) of 2013. The sample was composed of 60,202 Brazilians aged 18 years or older. The outcome variable was the occurrence of self-reported WMSD. Sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, personal resources, and health conditions were investigated as explanatory variables. Analyses were performed with the software Stata 12.0 and considered the weighting imposed by the sampling design of the study. Then, univariate and multivariate binary logistic models were carried out, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The results obtained indicated that the prevalence of WMSD in the Brazilian population was of 2.5%, ranging from 0.2% (Acre) to 4.2% (Santa Catarina). The factors associated with a greater chance of occurrence of WMSD were: female sex (OR = 2.33; 95%CI 1.72–3.15); be temporarily away from work (OR = 2.44; 95%CI 1.41–4.23); be exposed to noise at the workplace (OR = 2.16; 95%CI 1.68–2.77); seniority equal to or greater than 4.5 years at the current job (OR = 1.37; 95%CI 1.09–1.72); participate in volunteer work (OR = 1.65; 95%CI 1.25–2.17); report medical diagnosis of arthritis or rheumatism (OR = 2.40; 95%CI 1.68–3.44); and depression (OR = 2.48; 95%CI 1.86–3.31). On the other hand, factors associated with less chance of WMSD were: not having a partner (OR = 0.73; 95%CI 0.37–0.71) and working in an open environment (OR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.37–0.71). CONCLUSIONS The associated factors and the prevalence found indicate regional and gender differences. Special attention to comorbidities and environmental noise monitoring would benefit the health of workers in the Country.

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