Multi-pass probing for high-sensitivity tomographic interferometry

AbstractOptical probing is an indispensable tool in research and development. In fact, it has always been the most natural way for humankind to explore nature. However, objects consisting of transparent materials with a refractive index close to unity, such as low-density gas jets, are a typical example of samples that often reach the sensitivity limits of optical probing techniques. We introduce an advanced optical probing method employing multiple passes of the probe through the object to increase phase sensitivity, and relay-imaging of the object between individual passes to preserve spatial resolution. An interferometer with four-passes was set up and the concept was validated by tomographic characterization of low-density supersonic gas jets. The results show an evident increase of sensitivity, which allows for the accurate quantitation of fine features such as a shock formed by an obstacle or a barrel shock on the jet boundary in low ambient gas pressures. Despite its limitations in temporal resolution, this novel method has demonstrated an increase in phase sensitivity in transmission, however, it can also be employed to boost the absorption or polarization contrast of weakly interacting objects in both transmission and reflection setups, thus, upgrading the sensitivity of various optical characterization methods.

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EMC Component Modeling and System-Level Simulations of Power Converters: AC Motor Drives

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14061568 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1568

Author(s):

Bernhard Wunsch ◽

Stanislav Skibin ◽

Ville Forsström ◽

Ivica Stevanovic

Keyword(s):

Power Converters ◽

Filter Design ◽

Magnetic Coupling ◽

Power Converter ◽

System Level ◽

Noise Propagation ◽

Ac Motor ◽

Input Side ◽

Indispensable Tool ◽

Set Up

EMC simulations are an indispensable tool to analyze EMC noise propagation in power converters and to assess the best filtering options. In this paper, we first show how to set up EMC simulations of power converters and then we demonstrate their use on the example of an industrial AC motor drive. Broadband models of key power converter components are reviewed and combined into a circuit model of the complete power converter setup enabling detailed EMC analysis. The approach is demonstrated by analyzing the conducted noise emissions of a 75 kW power converter driving a 45 kW motor. Based on the simulations, the critical impedances, the dominant noise propagation, and the most efficient filter component and location within the system are identified. For the analyzed system, maxima of EMC noise are caused by resonances of the long motor cable and can be accurately predicted as functions of type, length, and layout of the motor cable. The common-mode noise at the LISN is shown to have a dominant contribution caused by magnetic coupling between the noisy motor side and the AC input side of the drive. All the predictions are validated by measurements and highlight the benefit of simulation-based EMC analysis and filter design.

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AB0050 A NOVEL METHOD FOR ISOLATION OF EXOSOMES FROM SYNOVIAL FLUID

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1057.2-1057

Author(s):

Y. Liu ◽

Y. Huang ◽

Q. Huang ◽

S. Sun ◽

Z. Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synovial Fluid ◽

Western Blot ◽

Biological Fluid ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Protein Distribution ◽

Sds Page ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Novel Method ◽

Low Levels

Background:Exosomes in synovial fluid (SF) has a close relationship with the pathogenesis of rheumatiod arthritis. As a complex biological fluid, SF presents challenges for exosomes isolation using standard methods, such as ExoquickTM kit and ultracentrifugation.Objectives:The study aims to compared the quality of exosomes separated by ExoquickTM kit (TM), ExoquickTM kit+ExoquickTC kit (TM-TC), ultracentrifugation (UC) and TM-TC+UC(TM-TC-UC) from SF.Methods:Exosomes was separated by TM, TM-TC, UC and TM-TC-UC respectively. The size and concentrations of exosomes were detected by high sensitivity flow cytometry for nanoparticle analysis. Total protein and RNA were extracted from exosomes. SDS-PAGE was used to detect the protein distribution of exosomes. Western blot was used to examine the level of albumin and exosomes marker (TSG101 and CD81).Results:There was no statistic difference in the diameters of exosomes separated by the four methods. The concentrations of exosomes in TM, TM-TC, TM-TC-UC and UC were (5.65±0.93), (3.02±1.19), (1.67±0.25) and (4.61±0.73) *109Particles/mL. The protein concentrations of exosomes separated by the four methods were consistent with the concentrations of exosomes. SDS-PAGE showed that the protein distribution of exosomes separated by the four methods were different. Low levels of albumin were detected in TM-TC and TM-TC-UC, while high levels of albumin in TM and UC. Total RNA concentrations from exosomes in TM-TC was higher than other groups.Conclusion:TM-TC can be used to obtain higher quality exosomes from SF for the study of exosome-enriched components.References:[1]Helwa I, et al, A Comparative Study of Serum Exosome Isolation Using Differential Ultracentrifugation and Three Commercial Reagents. PloS one, 2017. 12(1): p. e0170628-e0170628.Figure 1.A: SDS-PAGE showed the protein distribution of exosomes; B: the detection of albumin, TSG101 and CD81 by western blot.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes in the EXAMINE (Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus Standard of Care) trial

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism ◽

10.1111/dom.13136 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 654-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

You-Cheol Hwang ◽

David A. Morrow ◽

Christopher P. Cannon ◽

Yuyin Liu ◽

Richard Bergenstal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽

Low Density ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Reactive Protein

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Detection of the low-density-lipoprotein receptor with biotin-low-density lipoprotein. A rapid new method for ligand blotting

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2290785 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 229 (3) ◽

pp. 785-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

D P Wade ◽

B L Knight ◽

A K Soutar

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Ldl Receptor ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Receptor Protein ◽

Low Density ◽

Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽

Cell Extracts ◽

Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽

A New Technique

A new technique has been developed to identify low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on nitrocellulose membranes, after transfer from SDS/polyacrylamide gels, by ligand blotting with biotin-modified LDL. Modification with biotin hydrazide of periodate-oxidized lipoprotein sugar residues does not affect the ability of the lipoprotein to bind to the LDL receptor. Bound lipoprotein is detected with high sensitivity by a streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, and thus this method eliminates the need for specific antibodies directed against the ligand. The density of the bands obtained is proportional to the amount of pure LDL receptor protein applied to the SDS/polyacrylamide gel, so that it is possible to quantify LDL receptor protein in cell extracts. Biotin can be attached to other lipoproteins, for example very-low-density lipoproteins with beta-mobility, and thus the method will be useful in the identification and isolation of other lipoprotein receptors.

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Validity of a Novel Method for Estimation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Diabetic Patients

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis ◽

10.5551/jat.35972 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (12) ◽

pp. 1355-1364 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Hideto Chaen ◽

Shigesumi Kinchiku ◽

Masaaki Miyata ◽

Shoko Kajiya ◽

Hitoshi Uenomachi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Novel Method

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KORELASI KADAR HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN DENGAN KADAR LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PADA PENYANDANG OBES

Human Care Journal ◽

10.32883/hcj.v5i3.717 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 676

Author(s):

Rama Dhanivita Djamin

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 1 ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Low Grade ◽

Low Density ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Hs Crp

Obesitas terjadi karena akumulasi lemak berlebih di dalam tubuh. Akumulasi lemak menimbulkan low grade inflammation pada jaringan adiposa, menyebabkan peningkatan sitokin inflamasi seperti tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, dan interleukin-6 (IL-6). Peningkatan sekresi IL-6 merangsang hepar meningkatkan produksi protein fase akut. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) sebagai penanda inflamasi merupakan protein fase akut. Low density lipoprotein (LDL-kolesterol) adalah lipoprotein yang paling banyak mengandung kolesterol. Peningkatan kadar hs-CRP dan kadar LDL-kolesterol pada obesitas diidentifikasi sebagai faktor risiko aterosklerosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan hs-CRP dengan LDL-kolesterol pada penyandang obes, merupakan penelitian analitik rancangan potong lintang dilakukan September 2018 sampai Agustus 2019. Kadar hs-CRP diperiksa dengan metode enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA), sedangkan kadar LDL-kolesterol dengan metode kalkulasi (rumus Friedewald). Uji korelasi Spearman digunakan untuk menganalisi data, jika didapatkan nilai p<0,05 korelasi dinyatakan bermakna. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 26 penyandang obes terdiri dari 6 laki-laki (23,1%) dan 20 perempuan (76,9%). Rerata umur subjek penelitian adalah 36,46(7,68) tahun. Rerata kadar hs-CRP dan kadar LDL-kolesterol adalah 5,08(1,28) mg/L dan 154,69(45,8) mg/dL. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah dan tidak bermakna secara statistik antara kadar hs-CRP dengan kadar LDL-kolesterol (r= 0,333, p=0,096). Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif lemah antara kadar hs-CRP dengan kadar LDL-kolesterol pada penyandang obes.Kata kunci: Obesitas, High Sensitivity C-Reactive, Low Density Lipoprotein

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Wearable Pressure Sensors Based on Carbonized Graphene Coated Waste Paper Aerogel

10.21203/rs.3.rs-741840/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ang Li ◽

Ce Cui ◽

Weijie Wang ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Jianyu Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Structure ◽

Pressure Sensors ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Waste Paper ◽

Low Density ◽

Detection Range ◽

Simple Strategy ◽

Simple Filtration ◽

Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors ◽

Main Component

Abstract Graphene is complexed with cellulose fibers to construct 3D aerogels, which is generally considered to be an environmentally friendly and simple strategy to achieve wide sensing, high sensitivity and low detection of wearable piezoresistive pressure sensors. Here, graphene is incorporated into waste paper fibers with cellulose as the main component to prepare graphene coated waste paper aerogel (GWA) using a simple “filtration-oven drying” method under atmospheric pressure. The GWA was further annealed to obtain the carbonized graphene coated waste paper aerogel (C-GWA) to achieve low density and excellent resilience. The result shows that the C-GWA has a rough outer surface due to the 3D structure formed by interpenetrated fibers and the carbon skeleton with wrinkles. The sensor based on GCA shows low density (25mg/cm3), a wide detection range of 0-132 kPa, an ultra-low detection limit of 2.5 Pa (a green bean, ≈ 53.4 mg), and a high sensitivity of 31.6 kPa− 1. In addition, the sensor based on C-GWA with the excellent performance can be used to detect human motions including the pulse of the human body, cheek blowing and bending of human joints. The result indicates that the sensor based on C-GWA shows great potential for wearable electronic products.

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Improvement of Surface Morphology by Solution Flow Control in Solution Growth of SiC on Off-Axis Seeds

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.31 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 821-823 ◽

pp. 31-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tomonori Umezaki ◽

Daiki Koike ◽

S. Harada ◽

Toru Ujihara

Keyword(s):

Flow Direction ◽

Seed Crystal ◽

Solution Growth ◽

Rotational Axis ◽

Solution Flow ◽

Step Flow ◽

Unidirectional Flow ◽

Novel Method ◽

Set Up ◽

A local search algorithm for plug-and-play reconfiguration of interconnected systems

at - Automatisierungstechnik ◽

10.1515/auto-2016-0045 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Sven Bodenburg ◽

Jan Lunze

Keyword(s):

Search Algorithm ◽

Interconnected Systems ◽

Local Algorithm ◽

Local Search Algorithm ◽

Plug And Play ◽

Interconnected System ◽

Actuator Failures ◽

Tank System ◽

Novel Method ◽

Set Up

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel method to organise the reconfiguration process of decentralised controllers after actuator failures have occurred in an interconnected system. If an actuator fails in a subsystem, only the corresponding control station should be reconfigured, although the fault has effects on other subsystems through the physical couplings. The focus of this paper is on the organisation of the reconfiguration process without a central coordinator. Design agents exist for each of the subsystems which store the subsystem model. A local algorithm is presented to gather models from neighbouring design agents with the aim to set-up a model which describes the behaviour of the faulty subsystem including its neighbours. Furthermore, local reconfiguration conditions are proposed to design a virtual actuator so as to guarantee stability of the overall system. As a consequence, the design agents “play” together to gather the model of the faulty subsystem before the reconfigured control station is “plugged-in” the control hardware. Plug-and-play reconfiguration is illustrated by an interconnected tank system.

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Measurement and Evaluation of Calorimetric Descriptors for the Suitability for Evolutionary High-Throughput Material Development

Metals ◽

10.3390/met9020149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 149 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anastasiya Toenjes ◽

Heike Sonnenberg ◽

Christina Plump ◽

Rolf Drechsler ◽

Axel von Hehl

Keyword(s):

Heating Rate ◽

High Throughput ◽

Macro Level ◽

Heating Rates ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Material Development ◽

First Results ◽

Novel Method ◽

Measurement And Evaluation

A novel method for evolutionary material development by using high-throughput processing is established. For the purpose of this high-throughput approach, spherical micro samples are used, which have to be characterized, up-scaled to macro level and valued. For the evaluation of the microstructural state of the micro samples and the associated micro-properties, fast characterization methods based on physical testing methods such as calorimetry and universal microhardness measurements are developed. Those measurements result in so-called descriptors. The increase in throughput during calorimetric characterization using differential scanning calorimetry is achieved by accelerating the heating rate. Consequently, descriptors are basically measured in a non-equilibrium state. The maximum heating rate is limited by the possibility to infer the microstructural state from the calorimetric results. The substantial quality of the measured descriptors for micro samples has to be quantified and analyzed depending on the heating rate. In this work, the first results of the measurements of calorimetric descriptors with increased heating rates for 100Cr6 will be presented and discussed. The results of low and high heating rates will be compared and analyzed using additional microhardness measurements. Furthermore, the validation of the method regarding the suitability for the evolutionary material development includes up-scaling to macro level and therefore different sample masses will be investigated using micro and macro samples during calorimetry.

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