scholarly journals Tuber yield and water efficiency of early potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivated under various irrigation levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jama-Rodzenska ◽  
Grzegorz Janik ◽  
Amadeusz Walczak ◽  
Katarzyna Adamczewska-Sowinska ◽  
Jozef Sowinski
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effects of differences in variety and irrigations levels on potato yield (appropriate humidity, temperature, shading the plants from the sun if necessary) on potato yield in greenhouse conditions. Functions of potato production with respect to water use were developed for five dates of measurements of plant growth, in relation to the various vegetation phases. On the basis of potato vegetation phases, the potato water demand was determined. An experiment was conducted using the randomized sub-block method. The first order factor were the two varieties of potato that were grown under drip irrigation with three water regimes as a second factor experiment: level 1 (pF 2.7), level 2 (pF 2.5) and level 3 (pF 2.2). The variety had a significant effect on the weight of potato tubers. The irrigation level had only a significant effect on the total potato biomass. The potato harvest date had a significant effect on both of the examined treatments. The growth dynamics of the aboveground part and potato tubers were the highest in conditions of constant level 1. Regardless of the variety studied, on level 3 caused a reduction in potato biomass production.The highest water consumption was observed during the tuber potato growth period to flowering. The values were varied from 0.39 l/pot day level 1 (in both investigated cultivars) to 0.99 l/ pot/day (humidity level 3 for Julinka cultivar) in July. The most intensive increase in water consumption was observed at the level 3. The average W index of the average daily water dose calculated for Denar cultivar amounted 0.40 l day−1 in the first period (O1) to 0.79 l day−1 in the fifth period (O5) and for Julinka cultivar 0.49 l day−1 (O1) to 0.92 l day−1 (O5). Stress due to water shortage and/or excessive levels of water in the soil negatively influenced the yield of potato tuber. Potato varieties reacted differently to soil water content.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Nutrition of Early-Maturing Potato Varieties on Drip Irrigation in the South of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Valentina Gamajunova ◽  
Lubov Khonenko ◽  
Oksana Iskakova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Impact

Potatoes are an extremely important crop for the nutrition of the population in Ukraine. Its potential is high-up to 100 t/ha of tubers, but the average yield reaches 14-16 t/ha. To obtain significantly higher productivity, it is necessary to improve the main elements of cultivation technology. The main factor of potato production on drip irrigation is the optimisation of plant nutrition, which the authors have taken to study with three varieties of early maturing potatoes. Studies have established that providing plants with nutrients with the selection of varieties can increase the productivity of tubers up to 37-39 t/ha, or increase its level compared to the control to 64.7%. It was determined that the maximum yield is provided by the main application from autumn N32P32K32, before planting N48P48K48 and carrying out three top dressings during the growing season simultaneously with watering with a total rate of N33 and Plantafol 6 kg/ha, starting from the beginning of budding with an interval of 8-10 days. At the same time, tubers are formed with high-quality indicators as they contain a sufficient number of dry substances, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and starch. It should be noted that when optimising nutrition, the intake of all the main indicators of potato tubers compared to the control slightly decreased, namely dry substances and starch. On the contrary, the amount of ascorbic acid increased, especially with top dressing with Plantafol. Varietal features regarding the impact on the quality of tubers are also determined. Significantly more dry substances were found in tubers of the Riviera and Prada varieties, and more starch content was found in Prada and Minerva varieties. Slightly less dry matter and ascorbic acid were detected in Minerva potato tubers compared to other varieties. From the grown crop of tubers of the studied potato varieties, it is possible to obtain up to 4.0 t/ha of bioethanol or alcohol if they are processed

scholarly journals The resistance of potato varieties to dry fusarium rot in vitro

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
S. Bomok
Keyword(s):  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Genus Fusarium ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Fusarium Rot ◽  
Early Ripening

Goal. Determine the resistance of potato varieties against dry Fusarium rot under conditions of artificial infection in the laboratory. Methods. Assessment of the resistance of potato tubers against dry Fusarium rot was carried out with artificial infection by the pathogen, according to the methodology of phytopathological studies on artificial infection of plants. The studied varieties were grown in the fields of Polesye of Ukraine. The laboratory experiment was carried out in 2019 and was repeated twice in May (potato yield — 2018) and August (potato yield — 2019). Tubers of each grade (5 pcs.) Injured in three places with a metal rod to a depth of 10 mm. An inoculum of a fungus of the genus Fusarium, a concentration of 1 × 105 conidia / ml, was injected into these holes with a syringe. The infected tubers were wrapped in filter paper, moistened and placed in desiccators, which were transferred to a thermostat for incubation (at a temperature of 22—24°C and a humidity of 75—80%). Measurements of the degree of damage were performed three weeks after ino­culation. Tuber resistance was determined on a 9 point scale. Results. In seventeen varieties of potatoes of foreign and Ukrainian selection, the degree of resistance against dry Fusarium rot ranged from 3.8% to 15.7%, compared with the control variant 51.6%. Eleven varieties were highly resistant: Barvin, Belmando, Bella Rossa, LaBelle (German selection) Glazurny, Cimmeria, Flooding, Tiras (Ukrainian selection) Carrera, Marlene (Dutch selection) Sorai (Belgian selection). Six varieties were identified as resistant: Wendy, Tuscany (German selection) Monte Carlo (Danish selection), Dymka, Slavyanka, Shchedrik (Ukrainian selection). One variety is unstable (control) Treasury (Ukrainian selection). The studied varieties in the ripeness group were early and medium early. Rotting of tubers of early varieties amounted to 3.8—15.7% and a control of 51.6%, medium early — 6.5—11.7%. So, with artificial infection, varieties of potatoes of the early ripening group have a higher percentage of dry Fusarium rot damage than varieties of the mid-early ripening group. Conclusion. The studied varieties grown in the conditions of Polesye of Ukraine are highly resistant and resistant to dry Fusarium rot (Fusarium spr.) Potatoes and can be recommended for cultivation on farms and for seed purposes.

scholarly journals Effect of soil mulching on growth, productivity, and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under deficit irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-336
Author(s):  
Mohammed A.S. Barakat ◽  
Taia A. Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Islam N. Elsayed ◽  
Wael M. Semida
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Use Efficiency

Two field studies were conducted consecutively in the summer season of 2015 and 2016 to investigate the effect of different soil mulching materials (bare soil: BS as a control, white plastic: WP, black plastic: BP and rice straw: RS) on growth, productivity, and water-use efficiency (WUE) of potato under three levels of irrigation (I100=100%, I80=80%, and I60=70% of crop evapotranspiration). Growth characteristics, yield and its components, and WUE were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by both irrigation level and mulching materials. All mulching materials effectively enhanced growth and productivity when compared to bare soil. Potato plants grown under BP and WP as well as RS showed higher mean values of large size (> 60 mm) tubers and WUE compared to non-mulched treatment (BS) in both seasons. Mulching treatments noticeably increased tuber yield in the order of BP > RS > WP. Results displayed that, under different soil mulching materials, the I80 strategy studied here could be successfully applied during summer season in commercial potato production allowing water savings of 20% without any detrimental effect on plant growth or productivity.

scholarly journals Influence of Phosphorus Fertilizer on “Ware” Potato Production in Acid Soils in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Evans Mutange Akoto ◽  
Caleb O. Othieno ◽  
Julius O. Ochuodho
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Soil Available Phosphorus

One of the major challenges facing potato (Solanum Tuberosum L) production in Kenya is low and declining yield. This trend is caused by several factors which include low quality and quantity of seed, climate change, inadequate extension services, pests and diseases and more importantly low and declining soil fertility, particularly phosphorus (KEPHIS, 2016 and Karanja et al., 2014). Unfortunately, the current phosphorus fertilizer rate recommendation available for “ware” potato production in Kenya is “blanket” or general (90 kg phosphorus ha-1) and has not been updated for a long time to address the declining soil fertility. This prevents proper utilization of phosphorus fertilizers in achieving optimal production of “ware” potatoes. Therefore, this study investigated influence of different rates of phosphorus (TSP) fertilizer on “ware” potato yield and quality in three acidic (pH ≤ 5.8) test sites: Lari, Ainabkoi and Saboti sub Counties. Two varieties, Unica and Shangi, were tested. The field experiment was a split plot arrangement in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments (0 N & 0 P), 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus, replicated three times. Data collected included weight, quantity and quality of tubers. The data was analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5 % confidence levels with General Statistics (GENSTAT) and excel soft wares. Results indicated that phosphorus fertilizer influenced “ware” potato yield. At Saboti application of 120 and 90 kg phosphorus ha-1 for Shangi and Unica resulted in highest “ware” yield of 19.6 and 40.2 t ha-1, respectively. At Ainabkoi application of 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus produced highest “ware” potato yields of 10.7 t ha-1 and 26.8 t ha-1 of Shangi and Unica, respectively. At Lari, application of 90 and 120 kg ha-1 phosphorus produced highest “ware” potato yield of 7.0 t ha-1 and 17.5 t ha-1 for Shangi and Unica, respectively. During the season, there was a build-up of soil available phosphorus. Thus, there is need for farmers to test their soil at the beginning of every potato growing season.

Investigation of the biological effect of emulsion extraction of Scots pine on potato yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
А.А. Кushch ◽  
◽  
V.G. Zainullin
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Further Development

The biological effects of emulsion extraction of Scots pine were studied. The material for re¬search was the potato tuber Solanum tuberosum L. The extract was obtained by emulsion extrac¬tion of woody herbs of Scots pine. According to the results of field studies, a positive result of the biological action of the emulsion extract of pine tree greens is observed with a single treat¬ment of potato tubers during germination and early yield, and with the further development of the plant, the effect of the extract ceases.

scholarly journals Concentration of Thiourea is effective in breaking the dormancy of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Sambat Ranabhat ◽  
Madhav Dhital ◽  
Ansu Adhikari ◽  
Binod Adhikari ◽  
Saroj Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Tuber Dormancy ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sprout Length ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Thiourea Solution

Potato germination is highly sensitive to ecological conditions. High altitude and low annual average temperature result in tuber dormancy and poor sprouting. Dormancy has become a significant constraint for lowering potato production, which hinders the possibility of growing two crop cycles per year. An experiment was conducted from February to April 2020. Two major potato varieties (Desiree and Cardinal) were treated with four Thiourea concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%) in a two factorial, completely randomized block design with three replications. Tubers were soaked for 2 hours in different Thiourea solution as per treatments, air dried until excess solution was removed and kept in a dark room on plastic trays. With the progress of experiment dormancy breaking and sprouting parameters like early sprouting, dormancy breaking, sprout length and sprout density were recorded. It was found that Thiourea has a significant effect on all observed attributes as per varieties of potato. For Desiree variety, Thiourea (1%) decreased dormancy period by 22 days compared to control (Desiree*Thiourea 0%) and produced the longest average sprout of 7.36cm at 49 days after treatment (DAT). On the other hand, for the Cardinal variety, Thiourea (3%) decreased tuber dormancy by 27 days compared to control (Cardinal*Thiourea 0%) and produced sprout of 7.75 cm at 49 DAT. In case of sprouts/tuber 1% and 3% Thiourea produced 4.13 and 1.91 sprouts/tubers in Desiree and Cardinal, respectively. The overall mean finding indicate that, 1% and 3% Thiourea concentration was significantly superior for breaking dormancy and enhancing sprouting of potato varieties of Desiree and Cardinal respectively.

Anwendung des 10-Gruppenklassifikationssystems nach Robson für den Vergleich eines Perinatalzentrums Level 1 mit einem Level-3-Zentrum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Pulvermacher ◽  
P van de Vondel ◽  
L Gerzen ◽  
U Gembruch ◽  
W Merz
Keyword(s):  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

EVALUASI PELATIHAN DI PT. PUPUK KUJANG CIKAMPEK

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lania Muharsih ◽  
Ratih Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Training Evaluation ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
A Company ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Evaluation Sheet ◽  
Assessment Factor

This study aims to determine the training evaluation at PT. Kujang Fertilizer. PT. Pupuk Kujang is a company engaged in the field of petrochemicals. Evaluation sheet of PT. Fertilizer Kujang is made based on Kirkpatrick's theory which consists of four levels of evaluation, namely reaction, learning, behavior, and results. At level 1, namely reaction, in the evaluation sheet is in accordance with the theory of Kirkpatrick, at level 2 that is learning should be held pretest and posttest but only made scale. At level 3, behavior, according to theory, but on assessment factor number 3, quantity and work productivity should not need to be included because they are included in level 4. At level 4, that is the result, here is still lacking to get a picture of the results of the training that has been carried out because only based on answers from superiors without evidence of any documents.   Keywords: Training Evaluation, Kirkpatrick Theory.    Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui evaluasi training di PT. Pupuk Kujang. PT. Pupuk Kujang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang petrokimia. Lembar evaluasi PT. Pupuk Kujang dibuat berdasarkan teori Kirkpatrick yang terdiri dari empat level evaluasi, yaitu reaksi, learning, behavior, dan hasil. Pada level 1 yaitu reaksi, di lembar evaluasi tersebut sudah sesuai dengan teori dari Kirkpatrick, pada level 2 yaitu learning seharusnya diadakan pretest dan posttest namun hanya dibuatkan skala. Pada level 3 yaitu behavior, sudah sesuai teori namun pada faktor penilaian nomor 3 kuantitas dan produktivitas kerja semestinya tidak perlu dimasukkan karena sudah termasuk ke dalam level 4. Pada level 4 yaitu hasil, disini masih sangat kurang untuk mendapatkan gambaran hasil dari pelatihan yang sudah dilaksanakan karena hanya berdasarkan dari jawaban atasan tanpa bukti dokumen apapun.   Kata kunci: Evaluasi Pelatihan, Teori Kirkpatrick.

scholarly journals 905 How to prioritise patients and safely resume elective surgery during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Subbiah Ponniah ◽  
M Ahmed ◽  
T Edwards ◽  
J Cobb ◽  
E Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Surgical Unit

Abstract Introduction There are now over 2.5 million NHS patients awaiting elective surgery, with the most in orthopaedics. We present an algorithm and results for safely and equitably restarting surgery at COVID-light sites. Method An MDT applied the COVID-19 Algorithm for Resuming Elective Surgery (CARES) on 1169 patients awaiting elective orthopaedic surgery. It assessed safety, procedural efficacy, and biopsychosocial factors, to prioritise patients. They were assigned to five categories and underwent surgery at one of three COVID-light sites (1. access to HDU/ITU/Paediatrics/specialist equipment, 2. an NHS elective surgical unit and 3. a private elective surgical unit). Results 21 ‘Urgent’ patients received expedited care; 118 were Level 1/2; 222 were Level 3; 808 were Level 4. In 6 weeks, 355 surgeries were performed, with Urgent and Level 1/2 cases performed soonest (mean 18 days, p < 0.001). 33 high-risk/complex/paediatric patients had surgery at Site 1 and the rest at Sites 2 and 3. No patients contracted COVID-19 within 2 weeks of surgery. Conclusions We validated a widely generalisable model to facilitate resumption of elective surgery in COVID-light sites. It enabled surgery for patients in most suffering, undergoing the most efficacious procedures and/or at highest risk of deterioration, without compromising patient-safety.

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