scholarly journals A new spring barley variety ‘In Memory of Dudin’

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Nikolai A. Zhilin ◽  
Irina N. Shchennikova ◽  
Sergey A. Emelev ◽  
Galina A. Usova
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Continuous Irradiation ◽  
Mode Beam ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The purpose of the research is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the new spring barley variety ‘in Memory of Dudin’ on economically valuable signs. Studies were carried out in 2016-2019. The spring barley variety “in Memory of Dudin’ was created by the method of directional individual selection from the variant with treatment of spring barley variety ‘Bios 1’ with laser red light (wavelength 632.8 nm, continuous irradiation mode, beam power density 0.3 mW/cm2) for 60 minutes, followed by soaking in a solution of sodium carbonate with a concentration of 0,1n for 12 hours. Ear of the plant has average length 8.9 cm, the number of spikelets and the grain in the ear are medium (25.6 pcs. and 24.3 pcs. respectively). The 1000-grain weight is high - 49.2 g. Culm has an average length of 72.4 cm. The average yield over the years of the study was 4.6 tons/ha, the maximum one - 7.02 tons/ha in 2019. Dry matter ash content 2.2%, fiber content 3.65%, starch content 52.61%, fat content 1.65%, protein content 10.19%; extractability 77.0%. The variety ripens 4-7 days earlier than the standard. Based on a comprehensive assessment, the spring barley variety of “in Memory of Dudin’ was transferred to the State Variety Test in 2020.

scholarly journals New spring barley variety Tolkan of fodder-grain use

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-667
Author(s):  
V. N. Pakul ◽  
S. V. Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Bare Fallow

The aim of the research is to make a comprehensive assessment of the new spring barley variety Tolkan of fodder grain use according to the economically valuable traits. Studies were carried out in 2016-2019. By the method of intraspecific hybridization of geographically distant forms and direction individual selection from the hybrid population of Pamos x Bankuti Korai, the new spring barley variety Tolkan has been developed. The variety is highly productive, of mid-ripening type, the growing season is 85 days, the average yield over the years of research was 5.4 t/ha, which exceeds the Biom standard variety by 0.8 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.15), the maximum yield is 7.7 t/ha. The main element of productivity is the mass of grain per head 0.97 g, which has a close reliable relationship with the yield, r = 0.96 (reliability threshold at the level of 5 %, R = 0.88), the variety is mostly adapted to environmental conditions, Cv = 30.2 % (Biom standard variety − 36.7 %). It is characterized by large grain, the average absolute grain mass forthe years of research is 51.0 g, maximum - 63.0 g, by high resistance to lodging at a plant height of 57 to 94 cm, by immunity to loose smut and barley smut (absence of damage on an infectious background). When studying the variety in the production test of 2018-2019 according to the bare fallow predecessor, the yield for the first sowing period (May 7-11) was 4.14 t/ha, for the Biom standard variety − 3.27 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.46), forthe second period (May 13-19) − 3.64 t/ha, for the standard variety − 2.4 t/ha (LSD05 = 0.39 t/ha). On the basis of the comprehensive assessment Tolkan spring barley variety was transferred to the state test in 2019.

A trait collection of spring groat barley

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
I.A. Petukhova ◽  
V.K. Riabchun ◽  
V.A. Muzapharova ◽  
O.I. Padalka ◽  
T.A. Sheliakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The goal of our research was to form a collection of groats barley, to search, to select and to evaluate starting material of spring barley for a set of valuable economic traits, technological properties and culinary qualities of barley groats. Results and Discussion. Basing on to the results of assessments, we identified selected 55 spring barley accessions, which were characterized by 17 traits and 75 expression levels. The collection includes accessions from 11 countries; the largest number of accessions (59) are from Ukraine; 39 – from Russia; 10 - from Belarus; 10 - from Germany; 6 - from France; 5 - from Kazakhstan; 4 - from Canada; 3 - from the Czech Republic; 2 – from Great Britain; 1 accesson is from Serbia; and 1 - from Austria. Accessions combining high levels of expression of different traits are the most valuable. They include the following accessions: Doridnyi, Vodohrai, Sviatomykhailivskyi, Svarozhych, Soka, Іlot (UKR). Naked accessions include: Akhilles (UKR), Mayskiy, Oskar, Golozyornyy 1, Omskiy Golozyornyy 1 (RUS), CDC Alamo, CDC Candle (CAN). These varieties can be starting material for creation of new modern high-performance spring groats barley varieties. Ten valuable accessions registered with the NCPGRU (Sovіra, Doridnyi, Soka, Vodohrai, Partner, Yukatan, Avhii, Svarozhych, Baskak, and Virtuoz) were included in the trait groats collection. Conclusions. Basing on the results of multiyear studies, we formed the trait collection of spring groats barley comprising 140 accessions from 11 countries. The collection includes 55 reference accessions that cover 17 traits (plant height, vegetation period, ear length, grain weight per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain shape, grain evenness, vitreousness, culinary qualities of barley groats, etc.) characterized by 75 levels of their expression. The collection is of considerable value for science and education. The accessions selected allow improving the efficiency of breeding to create new varieties with high technological and culinary properties as well as with a set of valuable economic characteristics.

Effects of herbicide use, fungicide use and position in the field on the yield and yield components of spring barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Boatman
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out over 2 years (1985 and 1986) in commercial spring barley crops on calcareous soils in Hampshire. Herbicides increased grain yield by 0·05–1·21 t/ha, and fungicides by 0·01–0·68 t/ha. Herbicide use affected each of the yield components ears/plant, grains/ear, 1000-grain weight and harvest index in one or more cases but the effects were not consistent between experiments or consistently related to yield increases. Fungicide use had little effect on yield components other than 1000-grain weight, which was significantly increased in all experiments. There were no significant herbicide × fungicide interactions. Large differences in yield were recorded between field edge (headland) and midfield plots, with headland plots outyielding the midfield in two of the three experiments where this effect was considered.The effects of fungicide use were accounted for by associated increases in the green lamina area of the flag leaf and second leaf at the late milk stage of grain development. This is consistent with previous work. Differences in yield response to herbicide between sites were linearly related both to weed numbers early in the season and to weed biomass at harvest. Weeds did not always directly replace crop biomass; in some experiments the combined dry matter production was greater when herbicide was not used. However, the results indicate that, where a diverse weed flora composed of species of moderate to low competitive ability is present, simple weed counts may provide a useful indication of potential yield loss.It is concluded that headland areas can often be as productive as the rest of the field, but a greater understanding of the factors involved is needed if this potential is to be realized.

A comparison of field inoculation methods with Cercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) on spring barley

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gareth Jones ◽  
J. M. L. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Field Inoculation ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Field Plots

SUMMARYA comparison was made of six different methods of inoculation with Cercosporella herpotrichoidesFron on field plots of the spring barley variety Impala. All inoculation treatments produced significant differences in terms of disease incidence and grain yield compared with the uninoculated controls. Significant differences were found between treatments in terms of disease incidence, disease severity, mean yield/head and 1000 grain weights. The time of inoculation was also found to be significant. The earlier inoculation caused a reduction in yield of approximately 66 % compared with 50 % at the later inoculation. The application of these methods is discussed.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers on productivity of the new spring barley variety ‘Znatny’ in the non-blackearth part of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
О. V. Levakova ◽  
O. V. Gladysheva
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Lodging Resistance

An increase in spring barley acreage requires a detailed study of the interaction of agronomic and climatic factors, as well as the selection of a modern set of new varieties. The use of mineral fertilizers is one of the most important methods to improve the productivity of grain crops and maintain a deficit-free balance of mineral nutrients in arable soils. The current study of the effective use of various doses of mineral fertilizers (NPK) on the new spring barley variety ‘Znatny’ was carried out on dark-gray forest heavy loamy soil in 2018–2020 by the Institute of Seed production and Agrotechnologies, a branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Agro-Engineering Center VIM”. There has been established that the date of the phenological phases and the length of interphase periods did not depend on fertilizer rates, but had a close correlation with weather conditions (r = +0.68). The analysis of the obtained data has shown that an increase in the rates of applied fertilizers increases the aboveground biomass, which, in turn, negatively affects productivity of the barley variety ‘Znatny’ (r = -0.77). The analysis of the yield structure and rates of fertilizers NPK has shown that in the trial, the spring barley productivity was influenced by 1000-grain weight (r = +0.60). There was found a high inverse correlation between productivity and length of head (r = -0.85). When length of head ranged from 7.5 to 8.4 cm, grain weight per head remained practically at the same level in all variants (1.1–1.2). This indicated that at a rate of N90P90K90 and N120P120K120, the variety ‘Znatny’ formed a not very dense head. Protein percentage at these rates also greatly reduced. According to the obtained data, an increase in the doses of applied fertilizers (N90Р90К90–N120Р120К120) resulted in the intensified development of most leaf diseases and a decrease in lodging resistance. Thus, the optimal dose of application of azophoska fertilizer on dark-gray forest soil is the norm N45P45K45, since on this option there was obtained maximum productivity and net income. the increase in the recom[1]mended norms of mineral fertilizers, sharply reduces profitability of crop cultivation.

scholarly journals Morphological characters, plant phenology and yield of spring barley (Hordeum sativum L.) depending on cultivar properties and sowing date

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Noworolnik
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
State Research Institute ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

During the period 2008-2010, microplot experiments on spring barley were carried out in the experimental field of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy, on a good wheat soil complex. The following cultivars were compared: ‘Conchita’, ‘Kormoran’, ‘Rufus’, ‘Skald’, ‘Skarb’ (2008-2009) as well as ‘Afrodite’, ‘Aliciana’, ‘Bordo’, ‘Skald’, and ‘Suweren’ (2009-2010), in terms of their morphological characters determining grain yield and their response to sowing date: 7-12 April and 17-22 April. Among the spring barley cultivars tested, there were large differences in productive tillering of plants, number of ears per unit area, and grain yield. Smaller differences related to number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight. The cultivars ‘Suweren’ and ‘Skarb’ were characterized by high grain yield thanks to greater plant tillering and higher number of ears. The cultivar ‘Bordo’ was marked by the highest number of grains per ear, while cv. ‘Kormoran’ had the highest 1000 grain weight. A delayed sowing date caused a shortening of the growing season by 8-9 days and a shortening of all plant growth stages. This negatively affected number of ears per unit area and grain yield, but did not result in significant changes in number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight. ‘Suweren’ and ‘Skarb’, i.e. cultivars with higher tillering ability, can be considered to be cultivars more tolerant to delayed sowing date.

scholarly journals Influence of light quality on Chlorella growth, photosynthetic pigments and high-valued products accumulation in coastal saline-alkali leachate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-ya Liu ◽  
Yu Hong ◽  
Wen-ping Gu
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Algal Density ◽  
Chlorella Sp

Abstract Using saline-alkali leachate to cultivate microalgae is an effective way to realize the utilization of wastewater and alleviate the shortage of water resources. Light source is usually used as an optimized parameter to further improve the cultivation efficiency of microalgae. In this work, the influence of light qualities on the growth and high-valued substances accumulation of Chlorella sp. HQ in coastal saline-alkali leachate were investigated. The specific growth rate of Chlorella in coastal saline-alkali leachate was 0.27–0.60 d−1. At the end of cultivation, the algal density under blue light reached 8.71 ± 0.15 × 107 cells·mL−1, which was significantly higher than the other light groups. The lipid content in the biomass was 29.31–62.95%, and the highest lipid content and TAGs content were obtained under red light and blue-white mixed light, respectively. Percentages of total chlorophylls (0.81–1.70%) and carotenoids (0.08–0.25%) were obtained in the final biomass of the coastal saline-alkali leachate. In addition, the contents of photosynthetic pigments and three high-valued products under mixed light were higher than those of monochromatic light, and the protein, total sugar and starch content under blue-red mixed light was 1.52–3.76 times, 1.54–3.68 times and 1.06–3.35 times of monochromatic blue light and red light, respectively.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of spring barley of the Novichok variety

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-263
Author(s):  
F. A. Popov ◽  
L. M. Kozlova ◽  
E. N. Noskova ◽  
E. V. Svetlakova
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Barley Grains

The results of the research were obtained in 2019-2020 on sod-podzolic middle-loam soil in the conditions of EuroNorth-East of the Russian Federation. There were studied 18 variants of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers in the range from 30 to 150 kg of active ingredient per hectare. Under the conditions of 2019 growing season, nitrogen fertilizers influenced the value of yield of Novichok barley variety to a greater extent (Y = 0.67 - 0. 11x2 + 1.33x, R2 = 0.92), in 2020 - phosphorus fertilizers (Y = 1.48 - 0.02x2 + 0.48x, R2 = 0.99). On average, over 2 years of research, the yield in the control variant without the use of fertilizers was 0.87 t/ha. Yield increase of barley grains because of enlarged fertilizer doses ranged from 1.38 to 3.90 t/ha. The payback of 1 kg of active ingredient of fertilizers with increase of barley yield decreased due to enlarged doses: from 15.3 (N30P30K30) to 8.3 kg (N150P150K150). On average for two years of the research the increasing doses and ratios of mineral fertilizers had no significant effect on technological properties of spring barley seeds. The content of crude protein in grain grew with increase in fertilizer doses (r = 0.55). To obtain grain of the 2nd class of quality it is necessary to apply not less than 90 kg of active ingredient/hectare of ammonium nitrate. According to the content of crude cellulose, the 1st class of grain quality has been obtained, and this indicator did not depend on the application of fertilizers. High profitability of cultivation of the Novichok spring barley variety (from 54.2 to 59.1 %) has been recorded by application of mineral fertilizers in doses N60P60N120, N60P60K60 and N120P120K120.

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