scholarly journals Characterization of Torrefied Biomass from Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) Bagasse Blended with Semirara Coal

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Rose Ann P. Lomeda-De Mesa ◽  
Allan N. Soriano ◽  
Ariziel Ruth D. Marquez ◽  
Adonis P. Adornado
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resource ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Negative Impacts

Utilizing and improving the quality of Philippine indigenous coal is getting more important in order to sustain the country’s high dependence on coal over the next 10 years and to keep up with the country’s growing energy demands. Also, environmental problems and negative impacts of agricultural wastes are drawing more and more attention since the quantity of agricultural wastes has been rising rapidly all over the world. In the Philippines, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse has been identified as one of the significant contributor to the country’s biomass energy resource. Hence, in this study, coal blending technique has adopted as a proper approach to improve the quality of indigenous coal reserves while concurrently reducing and reusing agricultural wastes. This paper aimed to establish recommended blending ratios for Semirara coal, a sub-bituminous type of coal from Semirara Island in the province of Antique, Philippines and sugarcane (S. officinarum) bagasse. Proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and calorific value were determined to characterize and understand the physical conditions and coal properties during combustion. Results showed that blending torrefied sugarcane (S. officinarum) bagasse with Semirara coal would generally improve its quality in terms of its combustion properties thereby making these combinations of coal and biomass advantageous.

scholarly journals Properties of briquettes and pellets of pine needles from Hattiban Community Forest, Kathmandu, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anu Radha Baral ◽  
Krishna Raj Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Combustion Properties

Biomass is the most utilized primary energy source in context of Nepal. Briquetting of pine needles can be an option for natural resource management. This research work was carried out to quantify the amount of pine needles during the fall season and to study the combustion properties, performance and emission of the briquette produced. The study was carried out in Hattiban Community Forest of Kathmandu district. In order to quantify the pine needle, simple random sampling was used. The average weight of needles in field was observed to be 751g m-2. Altogether, four types of briquettes and two types of pellets were produced using different binders and various briquetting technologies. Proximate analysis was carried out following the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS 8812) and the calorific value test was done using Toshniwal Digital Bomb Calorimeter. The result from the proximate analysis showed higher (32.93%) amount of ash content of beehive briquette. Calorific value test of the fuel showed that high pressure pellets had the higher heating value (5555.1 kcal kg-1) and beehive had the lower heating value (3801.4076 kcal kg-1). The water boiling test reveals that thermal efficiency of the stove was highest (39.1%) when operated with high pressure pellet and low (24.76%) for charcoal pellets. Except high pressure pellets, other briquettes and pellets exceeded the safe limit of carbon monoxide and particulate matter emission given by National Indoor Air Quality Standard. Fuel characteristics like high thermal efficiency, high calorific value and proximate value obtained from present analysis shows pine needles can be used as appropriate and sustainable source of energy.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PEREKAT TEPUNG TAPIOKA DAN PENAMBAHAN KAPUR DALAM PEMBUATAN BRIKET ARANG BERBAHAN BAKU PELEPAH AREN (Arenga pinnata)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Julham Prasetya Pane ◽  
Erwin Junary ◽  
Netti Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Palm Fronds

The demand of renewable energy resources has been increasing. Briquette is one of the alternative energy resource which can be produced from utilization of biomass. This research aims to obtain a briquette from sugar palm frond, to obtain the effect of adhesive concentration of cassava starch and addition of lime on the quality of briquettes. This research used the batch method. Research variabels are the adhesive concentration of cassava starch in 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% (w/w) and the addition of lime in 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% (w/w) based on the weight of char powder. General materials are sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) frond, cassava starch and lime, and the general tools are furnace, briquette printer, oven, moisture analyzer, universal testing machine and bomb calorimeter. Briquetting process was started with sugar palm fronds preparation then they’re carbonized at 350 oC for 2 hours. Product of carbonization as a charcoal which is added by a cassava starch adhesive and lime then they’re printed or shaped and dried to be a briquette. Analysis used is the proximate analysis of the test parameters moisture content, ash content, volatile combustion matter content, carbon content, calorific value and compressive strength. The best briquette is with adhesive concentration in 0% and addition of lime in 5% with the calorific value 6502,379 cal/g, 45,56% fixed carbon, 6,44% moisture, 18,00% ash, 30,00% volatile combustion matter and 59,141 kg/cm2 compressive strength.

Hydrogen and Syngas Generation from Gasification of Coal in an Integrated Fuel Processor

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 644-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujan Chowdhury ◽  
Abrar Inayat ◽  
Bawadi Abdullah ◽  
Abdul Aziz Omar ◽  
Saibal Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Gross Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Processor ◽  
New Energy

Hydrogen is a clean and new energy carrier to generate power and effectively turned out through the gasification of organic material such as coal. The main objective of this manuscript is to present an analysis of the coal gasification for the generation of high-purity hydrogen in a lab-scale fixed-bed downdraft gasifier. Better understanding of the rank, formation, structure, composition and calorific value and method of analysis of the material is crucial for the proper utilization of these resources requires. Traditionally the quality of the Coal samples has been determined by their physical and proximate analysis, such as, bulk density, free swelling index, gross calorific value, sulfur, moisture, fixed carbon, volatile matter and ash content. In this study, coal is partially oxidized and ultimately converts into hydrogen rich syngas (CO and H2). As well, approximately 220 kg h−1 of coal would be gasified at 673–1073 K and 46.2 atm with the reactor volume 0.27m3 to obtain approximately 3.8×105 kcal h−1 of thermal energy during over 67% syngas generation with the generation of 110kW electrical powers.

scholarly journals Characterizations of Biomasses for Subsequent Thermochemical Conversion: A Comparative Study of Pine Sawdust and Acacia Tortilis

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Gratitude Charis ◽  
Gwiranai Danha ◽  
Edison Muzenda
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Bulk Energy ◽  
Compressed Wood

The bioenergy production potential from biomasses is dependent on their characteristics. This study characterized pine sawdust samples from Zimbabwe and acacia tortilis samples from Botswana using conventional and spectrometry techniques. The ultimate analysis results for pine were 45.76% carbon (C), 5.54% hydrogen (H), 0.039% nitrogen (N), 0% sulphur (S) and 48.66% oxygen (O) and, for acacia, were 41.47% C, 5.15% H, 1.23% N, 0% S and 52.15% O. Due to the low N and S in the biomasses, they promise to provide cleaner energy than fossil-based sources. Proximate analysis results, on a dry basis, for acacia were 3.90% ash, 15.59% fixed carbon and 76.51% volatiles matter and 0.83%, 20% and 79.16%, respectively, for pine. A calorific value of 17.57 MJ/kg was obtained for pine, compared with 17.27 MJ/kg for acacia, suggesting they are good thermochemical feedstocks. Acacia’s bulk energy density is five times that of pine, making it excellent for compressed wood applications. Though the ash content in acacia was much higher than in pine, it fell below the fouling and slagging limit of 6%. In pyrolysis, however, high ash contents lead to reduced yields or the quality of bio-oil through catalytic reactions. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry indicated the presence of multiple functional groups, as expected for a biomass and its derivatives.

scholarly journals Storage of caatinga forest biomass to improve the quality of wood for energy

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1178-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Andreia Brand ◽  
Stephenson Ramalho Lacerda ◽  
Juliana de Oliveira ◽  
Gisele Paim Ribeiro Domingues Lopes ◽  
Nayara Bergamo Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
General State ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Storage Times

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of forest biomass energy, coming from the Caatinga, for different storage times in the field. The study was conducted in southern Piauí, between January and February (rainy season). Samples were collected containing branches and trunks of various species, and samples of branches and trunks separately in 5 sample units of 20x20m. Samples were evaluated in the general state freshly harvested and samples of branches and logs after 15 and 30 days of storage in piles in the field. The analyzes carried out were: moisture content on wet basis, ash content and calorific value. Moisture content of freshly harvested biomass ranged from 39% with two days after cutting to 79% in biomass cut and left distributed in the field for 10 days. After storage in piles for 15 days, branches showed moisture content of 18% and the logs 21%, and net calorific value of 3432kcal kg-1 and 3274kcal kg-1, respectively. After 30 days, moisture content for branches was 13% and the logs 21%, and net calorific value of 3672kcal kg-1 and 3240kcal kg-1, respectively. Ash content of the biomass was low. Cutting trees in the rainy season, with maintenance of biomass in the field for 10 days, resulted in an increment of moisture content. Branches had the best behaviour during the storage. Fifteen days of storage are sufficient for the caatinga biomass to achieve high-quality energy.

scholarly journals Moisture Content Impact on Properties of Briquette Produced from Rice Husk Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed ◽  
Noorfidza Yub Harun ◽  
Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽  
Muhammad T. Afzal ◽  
Ashak Mahmud Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Physical Density

An agricultural waste-based source of energy in the form of briquettes from rice husk has emerged as an alternative energy source. However, rice husk-based briquette has a low bulk density and moisture content, resulting in low durability. This study investigated the effect of initial moisture contents of 12%, 14%, and 16% of rice husk-based briquettes blended with 10 wt% of kraft lignin on their chemical and physical characteristics. The briquetting was done using a hand push manual die compressor. The briquette properties were evaluated by performing chemical (ultimate and proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis), physical (density, durability, compressive strength, and surface morphology) analyses. The durability values of all briquette samples were above 95%, meeting the standard with good compressive strength, surface morphology, and acceptable density range. The briquette made from the blend with 14% moisture content showed the highest calorific value of 17.688 MJ kg−1, thanks to its desirable morphology and good porosity range, which facilitates the transport of air for combustion. Overall, this study proved the approach of enhancing the quality of briquettes from rice husk by controlling the moisture content.

scholarly journals Quality Improvement on Briquettes Made of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Using of Brown Algae Adhesive

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Ana Dewita ◽  
M. Faisal ◽  
Asri Gani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

The charcoal produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches pyrolysis can be utilized as environmentally friendly alternative fuel briquettes. This research aimed at improving the quality of these EFB briquettes using brown algae adhesive (alginate). The adhesive was added at 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Proximate analysis was then performed on EFB and the brown algae. The best quality briquettes were obtained by adding brown algae adhesive at 2.5% concentrate, which resulted in a calorific value of 21,405 J/g. Other characteristics such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon were found to be 7.4%, 4.9%, 79%, and 8.7%, respectively. In addition, the thermal characteristics such as density, flash point, and burning time were found at 0.96 g/cm3, 5.1 second, and 300 minutes, respectively.

scholarly journals Potentials of Biochars Derived from Bamboo Leaf Biomass as Energy Sources: Effect of Temperature and Time of Heating

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidayatul Armynah ◽  
Dahlang Tahir ◽  
Monalisa Tandilayuk ◽  
Zuryati Djafar ◽  
Wahyu H. Piarah
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Free Environment

Biochars from bamboo leaves as a potential energy resource were synthesized by annealing in the oxygen-free environment. Samples were characterized using proximate analysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Heating temperatures are 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C and for each temperature, the time was varied between 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The heating time for 30 minutes results in FC 30.777% and calorific value 15 MJ/Kg at temperature 250°C and decreased to 4.004% and 6 MJ/Kg at temperature 350°C, respectively. EDS shows the time of heating is an important parameter which shows the carbon and nitrogen contents were decreasing with the increase in the heating time, and silicon and oxygen contents were increasing with increase in the heating time. XRD shows broad (002) reflections between 20° and 30°, which indicated disordered carbon with small domains of coherent and parallel stacking of the graphene sheets, which is consistent with surface morphology of the SEM image. The experimental results indicated that heating at 300°C for 30 minutes is an effective and efficient parameter for fabrication of low-cost carbon from bamboo leaves which is a source of useful energy.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Philippine Coal Blended with Torrefied Biomass from Rice (Oryza sativa) Straw

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Rose Ann P. Lomeda-De Mesa ◽  
Allan N. Soriano ◽  
Ariziel Ruth D. Marquez ◽  
Adonis P. Adornado
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Looking at the feasibility of using rice (Oryza sativa) straw locally known as “dayami”, which the Philippines is quantitatively abundant, for power generation could help farmers reduce production cost and minimize the postharvest waste. Hence, this study’s objective is to provide a detailed knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of Philippine coal blended with torrefied rice (O. sativa) straw to efficiently use biomass for energy production. Proximate, ultimate, and calorific value analyses showed that rice (O. sativa) straw like other biomass resources are appropriate to meet the requirement of thermochemical process. When compared to pure coal, agricultural residues biomass like rice (O. sativa) straw has lower moisture and ash content, likewise nitrogen and sulfur are very low as well. Generally, blending Philippine coal with torrefied rice (O. sativa) straw would improve its quality in terms of its combustion properties thereby making these combinations of coal and biomass advantageous.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbandingan Kualitas Briket Arang Bonggol Jagung dengan Arang Daun Jati

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Dwi Sukowati ◽  
Triat Adi Yuwono ◽  
Asti Dewi Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Volatile Content ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
Corn Cobs

AbstraCT[Comparative Analysis of the Quality of Corn Charcoal Briquettes with Teak Leaves Charcoal] This study is a preliminary study that aims to determine the quality of briquettes from different biomass raw materials, namely corncobs and teak leaves. Utilization which is still not maximized from corncobs and teak leaves in the biomass energy field made the initial thought of the study. In addition, both of these raw materials have lignocellulosic contents which are likely to be used as biomass raw materials, especially briquettes. The research method used is an experiment with the research procedure is the manufacture of the two briquettes then the products are analyzed and compared. Both of these raw materials receive the same treatment in the manufacturing process. The composition of the adhesive used is 5% of the main ingredient. The adhesive used is starch. Both briquettes were tested for quality including water content, ash content, volatility, and heating value. The results of testing the water content, ash content, volatile content, the calorific value of corn cobs briquettes and teak leaves charcoal briquettes are, respectively, 3.62% and 5.39% water content; ash content of 4.84% and 3.14%; volatile content of 11.75% and 25.86%; The heating value is 5653.99 cal / g and 7222.95 cal / g. From the results of the analysis, teak leaf charcoal briquettes dominate better quality than corn cobs charcoal briquettes, the water content of teak leaf charcoal briquettes is still higher. When compared with the SNI set value, the two briquettes have met the briquette standards that are suitable to be used as substitutes for alternative fuels.Keywords: Briquette quality; Corn cobs; teak leaves. (Received August 14, 2019; Accepted October 5, 2019; Published October 22, 2019) AbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas briket dari bahan baku biomassa yang berbeda yaitu bonggol jagung dan daun jati. Pemanfaatan yang masih belum maksimal dari bonggol jagung dan daun jati di bidang energi biomassa menjadikan pemikiran awal penelitian. Selain  itu, kedua bahan baku ini mempunyai kandungan ligniselulosa yang berpeluang untuk dijadikan bahan baku biomassa khususnya briket. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan prosedur penelitiannya adalah pembuatan kedua briket kemudian produknya dianalisis dan dibandingkan. Kedua bahan baku ini mendapat perlakuan sama dalam proses pembuatannya. Komposisi perekat yang digunakan sebesar 5% dari bahan utama. Perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung kanji. Kedua briket diuji kualitasnya meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, volatile, dan nilai kalor. Adapun hasil pengujian kadar air, kadar abu, kandungan volatile, nilai kalor dari briket arang bonggol jagung dan briket arang daun jati berturut-turut yaitu, kadar air 3,62% dan 5,39%; kadar abu 4,84% dan 3,14%; kandungan volatile 11,75% dan 25,86%; Nilai kalor 5653,99 kal/g dan 7222,95 kal/g. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, briket arang daun jati mendominasi kualitas yang lebih bagus dibanding dengan briket arang bonggol jagung, kelemahannya kadar air briket arang daun jati masih lebih tinggi. Jika dibandingkan dengan nilai yang telah ditetapkan SNI, kedua briket tersebut telah memenuhi standar briket yang layak digunakan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar alternatif. Kata kunci: Kualitas briket; bonggol jagung; daun jati.

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