scholarly journals Analysis of Sudangrass collection cultivars in the Cis-Ural steppe of the Bashkortostan Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
R.A. Biktimirov ◽  
A.A. Nizaieva ◽  
A.Kh. Shakirzyanov ◽  
Z.M. Sharipkulova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing

This paper reports on a study of 62 collection cultivars of Sudangrass evaluated by economic traits for 4 years to create new source material for the Sudangrass selection of higher nutritional value adapted to the Cis-Ural steppe. The research revealed some highly productive and early-maturing Sudangrass cultivars for selecting new varieties highly adaptive to local agro-climatic conditions. Early ripening varieties Chishminskaia ranniaia, Yaktash, Demskaia, Smena, Novosibirskaia 84, Lira had 81-85 days of the interphase period from full sprouts to complete seed ripeness. Highly productive Anastasia, Aiusha, Zernogradskaia 576, and Alexandrina varieties had a fresh yield of more than 41.9 t/ha. Demskaia, Anastasia, Alexandrina, Aiusha had good nutritional qualities of fresh yield (with 10.04 – 10.51% protein and 7.80 – 10.01% sugar in dry matter): In 2017, the State Variety Testing of a new Sudangrass cultivar Demskaia started. The middle-early Sudangrass variety Demskaia has an average yield of 47.1 t/ha of green mass, 8.14 t/ha of absolutely dry matter, and 2.59 t/ha of seeds.

scholarly journals Perspective sample of root chicory

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
O. M. Vyutnova ◽  
T. Yu. Polyanina ◽  
I. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. One of the types of agricultural raw materials for the food industry is the root chicory, the product from the roots of which is produced in pure form, as well as is an important component in the production of tea and coffee drinks, confectionery. Its value is determined by the content in the roots of inulin, fructose, intibin and chicory. Despite the great economic importance and economic profitability of chicory cultivation, in recent years, the local processing industry is not provided with this type of raw material and is forced to buy the product from dried root crops in other countries, such as Ukraine, Italy and India. Modern agricultural production is in dire need of new varieties of root chicory, combining high yields and chemical and technological qualities, having the form of a root crop suitable for mechanized harvesting, and adapted to cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Non-chernozem zone. Purpose of work: to assess the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation in the time mode on watermelon seeds using cytogenetic analysis.Material and methods. The article describes the results of the test in the control nursery of a new sample of chicory root with 0428 selection of Rostov OSC.Results. As a result of breeding work, a promising sample of root chicory. It was isolated early maturing, with high yields and economically valuable properties, root crop truncated, suitable for mechanized harvesting by commercially available machines. 

scholarly journals Perspective sample of root chicory

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
O. M. Vyutnova ◽  
T. Yu. Polyanina ◽  
I. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Root Crop ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. One of the types of agricultural raw materials for the food industry is the root chicory, the product from the roots of which is produced in pure form, as well as is an important component in the production of tea and coffee drinks, confectionery. Its value is determined by the content in the roots of inulin, fructose, intibin and chicory. Despite the great economic importance and economic profitability of chicory cultivation, in recent years, the local processing industry is not provided with this type of raw material and is forced to buy the product from dried root crops in other countries, such as Ukraine, Italy and India. Modern agricultural production is in dire need of new varieties of root chicory, combining high yields and chemical and technological qualities, having the form of a root crop suitable for mechanized harvesting, and adapted to cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Non-chernozem zone. Purpose of work: to assess the nature of the impact of ultraviolet radiation in the time mode on watermelon seeds using cytogenetic analysis.Material and methods. The article describes the results of the test in the control nursery of a new sample of chicory root with 0428 selection of Rostov OSC.Results. As a result of breeding work, a promising sample of root chicory. It was isolated early maturing, with high yields and economically valuable properties, root crop truncated, suitable for mechanized harvesting by commercially available machines. 

scholarly journals Use of ripening fruits in seed production of early-maturing varieties of melons and gourds in spring and summer sowing

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
V. Е. Lazko ◽  
O. V. Yakimova ◽  
E. N. Blagorodova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Length Of The Day ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Selection Of

Relevance. In recent years, the price of seeds for melons and gourds of foreign selection has reoriented many agricultural producers to use seeds of domestic varieties. To provide agricultural producers with the required amount of seeds with high sowing rates, it is necessary to apply new technological methods that will allow using the biological potential of varieties and growing commercial volumes of seeds.Material and methods. The research was carried out at the selection and experimental site of the vegetable growing department in the "Federal Scientific Rice Centre " in 2017-2018. The object of research is a new promising variety of watermelon Yubilyar, and two early-ripening varieties of melon Tamanskay and Strelchanka. Sowing terms: spring – from mid-April to the end of the first decade of May, summer – the first and second decades of July. Summer sowing with drip irrigation. When harvesting melon and watermelon fruits, the selection intensity is 90% to obtain reproductive seeds RS-1.Results. It has been established that due to the climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Territory and the varietal characteristics of the melon varieties Tamanskaya, Strelchanka and the watermelon Yubilyar, a short growing season and a neutral reaction to changes in the length of the day, you can get two harvests of seeds in one season using summer sowing. It was noted that low air humidity prevented damage to plants by peronospora, anthracnose and powdery mildew, practically eliminating the need for protective measures. The selected ripe fruits for the selection of seeds by morphological characteristics corresponded to varietal characteristics. It has been established that the seed productivity of melon during summer sowing is higher due to better pollination. From one hectare received up to 97-138 kg of seeds. The use of ripening made it possible to carry out a one-time collection of watermelon and melon fruits.

scholarly journals The Chemistry behind Tomato Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Dario Paolo ◽  
Giulia Bianchi ◽  
Roberto Lo Scalzo ◽  
Carlo F. Morelli ◽  
Marco Rabuffetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
New Varieties

Tomato is one of the most widely consumed fresh vegetables in the industrialized world and an important source of healthy constituents of the human diet. Despite the unique flavor characteristics of tomatoes, which make them extremely valuable in cooking, and their recognized beneficial role in the diet, the quality of tomato was traditionally only considered in connection to external appearances. As it happened with other highly requested crops, breeding programs of tomato focused their efforts on developing new varieties with higher yields and stress resistance, with better uniformity in fruit size, brighter color and prolonged shelf life. The downside of these strategies was that organoleptic features and nutritional value were often neglected, with a detrimental effect on commercial tomatoes. Over the last years, there has been an increase in consumers’ demand for tasty and healthy products. This aspect, paired with novel and multidisciplinary approaches to tomato research, allowed both sensory and nutritional qualities to be reconsidered as valuable parameters in breeding. In this review we describe the main chemical constituents of tomato, focusing on the flavor compounds (both volatile and non-volatile compounds) and secondary metabolites. Particular attention is paid to their beneficial effects on human health and their relevance to the overall quality of tomato.

scholarly journals NEW EARLY VARIETIES OF VEGETABLE PEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A. G. Besedin ◽  
O. V. Putina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The volume and structure of sown areas of vegetable pea varieties of different terms of ripening, selection of the Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR in the southern region of Russia is shown. When creating new varieties, at present, priority is given to obtaining very early and early, in order to expand the conveyer of raw materials for processing. The merits of the breeding achievements created and included in the State Register are shown: a very early variety Prima (year of inclusion 2016) and an early Kudodesnik 2 (2018), which have already begun to be used in production. However, for processing enterprises in each group of ripening it is necessary to have 2-3 varieties. Therefore, we have set a goal - to create new varieties of vegetable peas of very early and early ripening periods, adaptive to the climatic conditions of the North Caucasus region. The studies were carried out from 2016 to 2018 in breeding fields (Krymsk Experiment Plant Breeding Station, VIR, Krasnodar region). Studied 10 varieties and lines. According to the results of evaluation in competitive variety testing (in 2016-2017), a very early grade of vegetable peas Izyuminka was transferred to the state test. The variety ripens 9 days earlier than the Alpha standard and surpasses it in yield (by 2.2 t / ha.). According to the competitive test held in 2017-2018, in 2019, the early variety Mayak was transferred to the state variety testing, which ripens 4 days earlier than the standard and is almost twice as high in yield. The use of these varieties in the processing industry will significantly increase the period of receipt of grain for processing.

scholarly journals Energy and Nutritional Value of Raw Grains of Domestic Bean Varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Hadžić ◽  
Josip Ćota ◽  
Edita Sarić ◽  
Irzada Hodžić ◽  
Nevzeta Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Selection Of

Beans are food with high nutritional value. In the history of human diet beans are found in use very early, and availability throughout the year enables its wide application. In Bosnia and Herzegovina beans are common ingredients which are an integral part of a meal, especially during the winter. The aim of this paper is to give contribution to the selection of local varieties of beans by highlighting energy and nutritional value of raw grains. The tests in this study included three local varieties of beans, namely Bosna, Darko and Igman in order to assess the levels of carbohydrate, protein and fat (energy content) and the content of minerals (copper, iron, phosphorus, manganese and magnesium). Test results indicate that content of dry matter and water is not conditioned by varietal differences, but the total fat content varies from 0.84% (Bosna) to 1.73% (Darko), and total sugar of 2.4% (Bosna) to 3.36% (Darko and Igman). Protein content compared to the dry matter ranged from 21.18% (Darko) to 25.28% in Bosna. Starch content ranged from 65.78% (Igman) to 67.04% (Bosna). The tested varieties of beans contained significant amounts of trace elements, thus in 100g raw grains there is: up to 69.7% of magnesium, up to 59.2% of phosphorus, up to 79.8% of manganese, up to 42.2% iron  and up to 64,1% copper of the RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowances - the total daily needs).

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZING SYSTEMS AND MICROBIAL PREPARATIONS ON CAPACITY OF BIOENERGETIC CULTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
L.M. Skachok ◽  
L.V. Potapenko ◽  
N.I. Horbachenko
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
System Control ◽  
Switch Grass ◽  
New Varieties

Objective. Study capacity of bioenergetic cultures in different fertilizing systems in combination with microbial preparations in soil and climatic conditions of Polissia. Methods. Field, laboratory, computational, mathematical and statistical. Results. The influence of fertilizing systems and microbial preparations during cultivation of switch grass and sward grass in the soil and climatic conditions of Polissia has been shown. It was established that under cultivation of energy crops, it is expedient to use fertilizing system, which involves introduction 10 t/ha straw, biomass of intermediate lupine manure and mineral fertilizers in the ratio of N40P15K60. Treatment of rhizomes of sward grass and seeds of switch grass with microbial preparations Mikrohumin and Polimiksobakteryn allow to reduce the ratio of mineral fertilizers by 20 kg/ha active substance and contributes to increasing the capacity of bioenergy crops, the release of solid fuels and energy from their biomass. An alternative fertilizing system, where mineral fertilizers were partially replaced by microbial preparations (such as Polimiksobakteryn and Mikrohumin), contributed to the largest increase of yield of switch grass in the study (dry matter) – 1.14 times and of sward grass – 1.15 times compared to the traditional fertilizing system (control). Conclusion. It has been established that under the cultivation of new varieties of energy crops, it is expedient to use organic fertilizers (straw, green manure) and treat seeds of switch grass and rhizomes of sward grass with microbial preparations Mikrohumin or Polimiksobakteryn. This fertilizing system ensures a 14 % increase in the capacity of switch grass, and 14-16 % increase for sward grass compared to the traditional fertilizing system (animal manure + NPK). In this case, the maximum calculated yield of solid fuel and energy from switch grass biomass was obtained, respectively – 10.1 t/ha and 161.6 GJ, and sward grass – 14.4-14.6 t/ha and 230.6-234.1 GJ, that is 13 and 13-15 % higher than parameters of the system “animal manure + NPK”.  

scholarly journals Results of competitive variety testing of new squash varieties in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Sh. R. Aripova ◽  
S. I. Dusmuratova ◽  
R. A. Khakimov
Keyword(s):  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing

The aim of the research is to breed short climbing, early maturing, high-yielding varieties of squash in the natural and climatic zone of Uzbekistan.Methods. The samples of squash 0044SQ (Holland) and BT+KB-001 (Turkey) were taken from the gene pool of the Research Institute of Plant Industry (Uzbekistan) in 2012 for breeding work. In 2013, squash samples were studied in the nursery of the source material, where they were evaluated for biological and economically valuable traits. Individual selection of plants was carried out. In further breeding work (2014-2016 and 2018), the lines LZ-2513 and LH-1916 were distinguished.Results. The method of analytical breeding created short-climbing, early maturing, high-yielding of squash lines LZ-2513 and LH-1916. Line LZ-2513 has rounded fruits of light green color. The LH-1916 variety has elongated, dark green fruits. Competitive variety trials of new lines were conducted in 2019-2020. Unumdor variety zoned in the republic served as a standard. It was found that from sprouting to maturity of the fruit in the line LZ-2513 is 44 days, in the line LH-1916 – 45 days. High marketable yield was recorded for squash line LZ-2513 – 18.3 tons/ha (122% of the standard); in line LH-1916 marketable yield was 16.4 tons/ha (112.4% of the standard). This year we organized the primary seed production of squash lines LZ-2513 and LH-1916 for multiplication.Conclusion. Promising for cultivation in conditions of Uzbekistan squash line LZ-2513 Orbita (NAP 20200087) and line LH-1916 Viridi (NAP 20200088) were submitted to the Intellectual Property Agency under the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan to be patented.

scholarly journals Результаты испытания новых перспективных сортов картофеля

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kh.Kh. Apshev ◽  
N.A. Timoshina ◽  
E.V. Knyazeva ◽  
L.S. Fedotova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Red Pulp

В работе представлена характеристика восьми новых сортов картофеля отечественной селекции ранней и среднеранней групп спелости: Кладезь, Корчма, Кралек, Купец, Патриот, Призер, Третьяковка, Эликсир. Продуктивность новых сортов выше стандартов на 1,5–14,7 т/га, они характеризуются высокой крахмалистостью и содержанием витамина С, отличным вкусом, низким содержанием нитратов и средним – редуцирующих сахаров. Особого внимания заслуживают сорта Кралек (розовая мякоть) и Эликсир (красная мякоть) для диетического питания с повышенным содержанием антоцианов (антиоксидантов) и отличным вкусом.The work presents the characteristics of eight new varieties of potato of russian selection of early and early ripening groups: Kladez, Korchma, Kralek, Kupets, Patriot, Prizier, Tretyakovka, Elixir. Productivity of new varieties is 1.5–14.7 t/ha higher than standards. New varieties characterize high starch content, vitamin C content, excellent taste, low nitrate content and medium – reducing sugars. Special attention should be paid to the varieties Kralek (pink pulp) and Elixir (red pulp). These varieties are intended for dietary nutrition and contains anthocyanins (antioxidants). Also they differ excellent taste.

scholarly journals New varieties and promising hybrids of Pelargonium grandiflorum hybridium hort. in humid subtropics of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
N. M. Gutieva
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Adaptive Selection ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Ornamental Traits ◽  
Humid Subtropics ◽  
Selection Of

A genetic collection of the genus Pelargonium L’Herit. ex Ait., with 40 % stock represented by Pelargoniumgrandiflorum hybridium hort., is originated at the Federal Subtropical Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The main collection varieties, including Aristo, Elegance, Candy Flowers, Hazel and Bermuda, are foreign selections attaining their best qualities under optimal soil and climatic conditions. Cultivation in humid subtropics disturbs their growth and development, at the same time as deteriorating their productivity and ornamental value. The research aimed to study the hybrid stock towards the selection of hardiest, most ornamental and long-flowering forms corresponding to a specified variety model. The variety model developed for Russian subtropic agroclimate incorporated a main set of economically valuable and adaptively significant traits. Over 30 varietal crossbreedings have been conducted to select for promising recombinants and hybrid families. A high variability of phenotypic ornamental traits has been observed in the crosses offspring. We identified 15 promising hybrids from the total morphological trait combination. Adaptive selection against stress factors has been proved effective. The most successful combinations were Hazel Ripple x Yashma, Hazel Cherry x Rozovyy Briz and A. Darling x Rozovyy Briz. A subset of elite forms (Kd-15-43, Kr-16-28 and Kc-18-22) maximising the number of significant breeding traits have further been selected towards a higher total score (≥95). K.j.-17-15, Kq-18-04 and K.ya-16-03 were recognised promising for large-flowered form selection. The Yagodnyy Tsvet variety, Kv-18-01 and K.d.-18-09 hybrids (over 35 inflorescences) have been identified as sources for high flower production. K.p-17-65, Kr-16-28 and Kc-18-22 were the hybrids with flowering period exceeding 100 days. All crosses were based on Hazel as a maternal form sourcing the trait.

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