Antibacterial power of Olea Europaea extracts from different Moroccan regions

The discovery of antibiotics has always been a medical advance that has improved the prognosis of infections. However, resistance to these products has evolved into a major health problem. Some diseases are even resistant to all antibiotics currently available on the market. A reduction in the use of antibiotics must be based on other approaches, namely the use of alternative treatments to antibiotics, such as phytotherapy. In the same objective our study focused on the research of the antibacterial power of Olea Europaea known for its various medicinal properties. 31 bacterial strains were tested for their susceptibility using the agar diffusion method, and we determined their MIC by the micro titration technique on microplates. Five bacteria belonged to the American collection (ATCC) and 26 strains isolated from nosocomial infections between the period of 2011 and 2015. We noticed that our aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts are active against all tested bacteria. On the other hand, we observed that the hexane and dichloromethane extracts showed no inhibition effect on all the bacteria tested. The methanolic extract showed a higher MIC against ESBL enterobacteria (E. coli, E. cloacae, P. mirabilis) and imipenem-resistant A. baumanii. The lowest MIC was 1.56 ug / ml.

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Phytochemical Study and Antibacterial and Antibiotic Modulation Activity of Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Leaves

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2020/8271203 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Amine Trabelsi ◽

Mohamed Amine El Kaibi ◽

Aïmen Abbassi ◽

Amira Horchani ◽

Leila Chekir-Ghedira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Phytochemical Study ◽

E Coli ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Resistant Strains

This study aimed to determine phytochemical contents, antibacterial properties, and antibiotic modulating potential of Punica granatum leaf extracts: hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts as well as an extract enriched with total oligomer flavonoids (TOFs). The TOF extract contained the highest value of phenols and flavonoids. Rutin, luteolin, gallic acid, and ellagic acid were determined by HPLC analysis of this extract. The antibacterial activity was assayed by the disc diffusion method and microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli standard ATCC strains and clinical isolates resistant strains. The TOF extract was the most active against all tested strains. The checkerboard method was used for the determination of synergy between two antibiotics (amoxicillin and cefotaxime) and P. granatum leaf extracts. The best synergistic interaction was found with TOF extract combined with amoxicillin for penicillin-resistant E. coli and penicillin-resistant S. aureus. These results can be assigned to tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids found in P. granatum leaf extracts. Pomegranate leaf extracts or active compounds isolated from these extracts could be used to fight the emergence and spread of resistant bacterial strains.

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Comparison of Techniques and Solvents on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts from Acacia dealbata and Olea europaea

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9020048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anabela Borges ◽

Helena José ◽

Vera Homem ◽

Manuel Simões

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Olea Europaea ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Acacia Dealbata ◽

Olea Europaéa

Ethnopharmacological use of plant natural extracts has been known since ancient times. The optimization of plant molecule extraction is fundamental in obtaining relevant extraction yields. The main purpose of this study was to understand the role of different extraction techniques (solid-liquid, ultrasound, Soxhlet, and microwave) and solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane, and hexane) on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from Olea europaea (olive) and Acacia dealbata (mimosa). Crude plant extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined by ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods. In terms of extraction yield, ultrasound extraction and the solvents methanol, acetone (O. europaea) or water (A. dealbata) were found to be the best options. However, ethanol and acetone proved to be the best solvents to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity, respectively (regardless of the extraction method employed). Soxhlet and microwave were the best techniques to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity, whereas any of the tested techniques showed the ability to extract compounds with antioxidant capacity. In most of the cases, both plant extracts (mimosa and olive) were more efficient against S. aureus than E. coli. In the present study, both mimosa and olive leaf crude extracts proved to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, increasing the demand of these natural products as a source of compounds with health benefits.

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Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Patients Are Associated with Class 1 and 2 Integrons

Chemotherapy ◽

10.1159/000438666 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 72-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hamid Lavakhamseh ◽

Parviz Mohajeri ◽

Samaneh Rouhi ◽

Pegah Shakib ◽

Rashid Ramazanzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Major Health ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

E Coli ◽

Class 1 ◽

Dna Elements

Background:Escherichia coli isolates displaying multidrug-resistance (MDR) are a major health care problem that results in mortality and morbidity. Integrons are DNA elements in E.coli that are related to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to determine class 1 and 2 integrons and MDR in E. coli isolates obtained from patients in two Sanandaj hospitals, located in Iran. Materials and Methods: 120 isolates of E. coli were obtained from clinical specimens (from November 2013 to April 2014), and the susceptibility of E. coli antimicrobial agents was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to the CLSI. PCR were applied for detection of class 1 and 2 integrons in E. coli isolates. SPSS software v16 and the χ2 test were used for statistical analysis in order to calculate the association between antibiotic resistance and the presence of integrons (p < 0.05). Results: In a total of 120 E. coli isolates, 42.5% had MDR. Integrons were found in 50.9% of the MDR isolates, and included 47.05% class 1 and 3.92% class 2 integrons. The strains did not have both classes of integrons simultaneously. An association between resistance to antibiotics and integrons was found. Conclusion: Our results showed that int1 and int2 genes present in E. coli isolates obtained from patients cause MDR in this isolates. Since such bacteria are a reservoir for the transmission of MDR bacteria, appropriate programs are necessary to reduce this problem.

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOAP MADE FROM ESSENTIAL OILS AND COMMERCIAL SOAP SOLD IN THE LEBANESE MARKET

Bacterial Empire ◽

10.36547/be.304 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e304

Author(s):

Candy GERGES ◽

Mohamad HADLA ◽

Michele ELIALI ◽

Martine RICHA ◽

Nour Mammari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Effective Measure ◽

E Coli ◽

Different Types ◽

Commercial Soap ◽

Zones Of Inhibition

Background: Thousands of people are dying as a result of infections caused by bacteria. Among the main routes of germ transmission are the hands, making hand hygiene very important in preventing the spread of pathogens and bacterial infection. Hand washing with soap and water is considered to be a simple and effective measure. Old soap manufacturers have long had traditional uses in the Lebanese community. Methods: The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of oil-based soaps with commercial soap sold in the Lebanese market. Different types of herbal soap and antiseptics have been used in this study. Four bacterial strains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter Spp. The antibacterial activities of these soaps were determined by the diffusion method of disks in agar medium. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis of zones of inhibition showed that S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter Spp. were sensitive only to traditional oil-based soaps, which are Sage, Rose Mary and Cedar. In addition, S. aureus showed sensitivity to soaps comprised of essential oils as well as antibacterial synthetic soap, Dettol and Lifebuoy. On the other hand, E. coli showed resistance to all soaps. Soaps comprised of natural essential oils have shown antibacterial activity superior to so-called “Antibacterial” soaps. Conclusion: Based on this study, we can say that the use of soaps with essential oils might be the best option due to their organic origin as well as their antibacterial proved activities.

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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LUDWIGIA PARVIFLORA L. AGAINST STANDARD BACTERIAL STRAINS AND COMPARISON OF ITS ACTIVITY WITH THAT OF STANDARD ANTIBIOTICS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i3.30818 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 430-432

Author(s):

SHIBU GEORGE ◽

MEVLIN JOY

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Whole Plant ◽

The Common ◽

Susceptibility Tests

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Ludwigia parviflora L. using standard bacterial strains and compare its activity with that of standard antibiotics. Methods: The antibacterial activity and antibiotic susceptibility tests were done by disk diffusion method using MTCC bacterial strains. Results: The study revealed that the methanolic extract of the whole plant of L. parviflora L. was effective to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. Among the tested strains, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli were more susceptible to the methanolic extract of L. parviflora than the commonly using antibiotic tetracycline 30 mcg. The activity of methanolic extract was also higher than the activity of gentamicin 10 mcg against the P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The study concluded that the crude methanolic extract of the whole plant of L. parviflora L. is a good source for antibacterial agent against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli. Hence, this plant can be used as a natural alternative to the common antibiotics such as gentamicin and tetracycline against common bacterial infections after validating its pharmacological and toxicological activities.

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Morphology, microscopic anatomy and bacterial inhibition of extracts of Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H. Hara plants growing in Lang Sen Wetland Reserve, Long An province, Vietnam

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.17.3.0361 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 160-170

Author(s):

Van Tien Dung ◽

Huynh Nguyen Van Anh ◽

Pham Van Ngot ◽

Dang Thi Ngoc Thanh

Keyword(s):

Folk Medicine ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Microscopic Anatomy ◽

E Coli ◽

Root Extracts ◽

Stem Leaf ◽

Ludwigia Adscendens

The study aimed to supplement data on a plant that was considered a folk medicine of Vietnam. Morphological and microscopic anatomical characteristics of this species which were adapted to the frequently flooded habitat of the reserve was studied and analyzed. Alcoholic extracts of each stem, leaf and root part were recovered using a rotary evaporator. The inhibitory ability on bacterial strains including Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis and Escherichia coli was tested through agar plate diffusion method. The result showed that the stem and leaf extracts were effective against all three bacterial strains, while the root extracts had no effect against E. coli.

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Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus responsible for bovine mastitis sensitivity to the essential oil of Algerian Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut.

Acta Scientifica Naturalis ◽

10.2478/asn-2020-0004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32

Author(s):

Bendella Amina nor elhouda ◽

Ghazi Kheira ◽

Meliani Samia

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

E Coli ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Zones Of Inhibition

AbstractThe aim of this study is to test two different methods for evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effect of Thymus fontanesii Boiss. et Reut. essential oil against standard and clinical bacterial strains responsible for bovine mastitis: the disc diffusion method or the aromatogram which allows the demonstration of the antibacterial power of essential oils on the bacterial strains tested, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and two strains isolated from bovine mastitis milk S. aureus and E. coli. The inhibition activity of the essential oil of T. fontanesii on bacterial strains by the two methods shows that the antimicrobial power of this oil is very important and is characterized by bactericidal and bacteriostatic action against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The antimicrobial evaluation by the aromatogram showed good antibacterial activity against all the strains tested, the zones of inhibition of the bacteria were between 23,33±1,527mm and 37,5±3,535 mm. The search for minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC and bactericides CMB made it possible to quantitatively assess the antimicrobial power of this essential oil. In this work, the MIC was 0,625 µl/ml for all strains tested, and the lowest CMB was that of T. fontanesii against E. coli ATCC 25922 was 0,625 µl/ml.

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Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of plant extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.09.0019 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (09) ◽

pp. 4885 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khushbu Pandey ◽

Mahendra Singh* ◽

Bharat Pandey ◽

Anshulika Upadhyaya ◽

Kamal K. Pande

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

E Coli ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Anti Fungal

The present study was carried out for phytochemical screening of principle bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponin, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid. The petroleum, ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts were subjected to antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, E. coli and Bacillus subtilis against anti-fungal strains A.awamori, A.fumigatus, Rhizopus oryzae, Trichoderma viridae and C.oryzae. The antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated by disc-diffusion method.

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Multiple acquisitions of CTX-M plasmids in the rare D2 genotype of Escherichia coli provide evidence for convergent evolution

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.023234-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 155 (5) ◽

pp. 1656-1668 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Catherine Deschamps ◽

Olivier Clermont ◽

Marie Claire Hipeaux ◽

Guillaume Arlet ◽

Erick Denamur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Convergent Evolution ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Control Group ◽

M Gene ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

E Coli ◽

The Relationship

Over the last decade, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) worldwide, mostly in Escherichia coli, causing a major health problem. An epidemiological relationship has been established between a rare genotype of E. coli, the D2 genotype, and the presence of CTX-M genes. We investigated this striking association by exploring the genetic backgrounds of 18 D2 genotype CTX-M-producing strains and of the plasmids encoding CTX-M enzymes. The 18 strains had different genetic backgrounds, as assessed by multilocus sequence and O typing, and were associated with various plasmids bearing diverse CTX-M genes. The region encompassing the genetic marker of the D2 genotype (TSPE4.C2) was not correlated with the presence of CTX-M genes. CTX-M-producing D2 strains had far fewer virulence factors than a control group of 8 non-ESBL-producing D2 strains, and an inverse relationship was found between the number of co-resistances associated with the CTX-M gene and the number of virulence factors found in the strain. These findings provide evidence for multiple acquisitions of plasmids carrying CTX-M genes in different D2 genotype strains. They strongly suggest that convergent evolution has occurred, and indicate that there has been selection for the association of a specific genetic background of the strain and the CTX-M gene. This fine-tuning of the relationship between the D2 genotype and CTX-M genes presumably increases the fitness of the strain, indicating a role for the host cell in the acquisition and dissemination of CTX-M genes.

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Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Juice and Peel Extract of Citrus Fruits

Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3126/tujm.v6i0.26589 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 82-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alisha Shakya ◽

Bhawana Luitel ◽

Pragati Kumari ◽

Ritu Devkota ◽

Puspa Raj Dahal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Citrus Limon ◽

Citrus Fruits ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Gram Positive ◽

E Coli ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Peel Extract

Objectives: This study was aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of peel and juice extracts of citrus fruits. Methods: The antibacterial activity of juice and peel extract of five selected citrus fruits [C1- Citrus reticulata (mandarin orange), C2- Citrus limetta (sweet lime), C3- Citrus aurantifolia (lime), C4- Citrus limon (lemon) and C5- Citrus maxima (pommelo)] on three Gram positive and five Gram negative bacterial strains were examined. The juice and peel extract of citrus fruits was obtained by using absolute ethanol. The obtained extracts were dissolved in 1ml 10% v/v DMSO which was taken to carry out the antibacterial susceptibility assay using agar well diffusion method. Results: The peel extracts of C1 and C2 were found to be more effective against the given Gram-positive bacteria than the juice extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (20.33±1.527) and (15.33±0.577) against Bacillus spp respectively. While the juice extracts of C3 and C4 were more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than their peel extracts with maximum zone of inhibition (26.66±1.15) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and (20±1) against E. coli ATCC 25922 respectively. The juice extract of C5 was found to be more effective against both Gram positive and negative bacteria than its peel extract with maximum zone of inhibition (18.66±1.154) against E. coli ATCC 25922 except for Bacillus spp in which peel extract showed maximum zone of inhibition i.e. (15±1) Conclusion: This study suggests that these juice and peel extracts may have beneficial antibacterial roles that can be exploited in controlling unwanted bacterial growth.

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