scholarly journals The problems of access to justice in rural areas (on the example of Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Lapkin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Justice System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
The People ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rural Dwellers

In this scientific article, problems of access to justice in rural areas in Ukraine are considered. It is proved that for the people living in rural areas it is necessary to consider access to justice as possibility of free application to justice system for protection of their rights that is without any obstacles or difficulties. However in need of application to a court the rural dwellers face a lot of problems, such as: territorial, economic and organizational. Territorial problems relate to territorial distance of judicial authorities from rural areas. Economic problems relate to high level of court expenses and low financial well-being of rural dwellers. Organizational problems relate to absence of the necessary infrastructure in rural areas facilitating access to court (lack of transport infrastructure, absence of high-speed Internet and possibility to use technologies of “electronic justice”). The conclusion is that for the solution of this problem it is possible to offer the following steps: general development of infrastructure in rural areas; formation of judicial system on the basis of uniform territorial distribution; reduction of court expenses for dwellers of rural areas proportionally to the level of their incomes; development of institution of lay justice operating in rural areas.

Administration of State Sponsored Local Justice System: An Appraisal on the Legal Framework of Village Courts in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Md. Al-Ifran Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Informal Justice ◽  
Local Justice ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
Formal Justice

AbstractAccess to justice is one of the significant pre-requisites for sustainable human development and it has been made available in the form of both the formal and informal systems stretching from the very top of the judiciary to the local justice system in Bangladesh. The formal justice system, even though it plays the most pivotal role, has been facing huge pressure from case backlogs, which ultimately hampers the true spirit of justice. On the other hand, most people's perception towards informal justice system is also fairly poor with lack of trust due to partisan political interference, corruption, religious dogmas, and social elitism, which have made this system almost ineffective. Consequently, state-sponsored local justice system has come forward with a view to combining the both streams in a single channel in the form of restorative justice and a quorum of quasi-formal justice system aimed at ensuring and dispensing justice to the people in rural areas in an affordable and convenient manner. In line with this view, village courts have been established to redress petty civil and criminal issues. This article attempts to examine the feasibility of the present legal framework of village courts to deliver justice efficiently at the grassroots level.

scholarly journals Enrollment of Rural Farmers’ Children into Schools in Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
O. O. Oke ◽  
A. S. Adeoye
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

Education is germane to liberating many people from high level of illiteracy and abject poverty. But lack of school enrollment among vulnerable children of such people living in the rural areas will further limit development, progress and the well-being they deserve. This study however was meant to assess the enrollment of rural farmers’ children into schools in Ido and Oluyole Local Government Areas, Ibadan, Oyo state. Purposive sampling technique was used for selection of the study area in the areas of Ibadan while random sampling was used to select 150 respondents from 10 communities in the 2 LGAs. Data collected were analyzed with both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that majority of the respondents (94.2%) were married, 63.3% were above 60 years, 50.8% of the respondents were Christian while 49.2% were Muslims. The result also revealed that the majority of the respondents had primary (45%) and no formal education (45%). The result also showed the enrolment levels of farmers’ children in schools that 49.2% of the respondents’ male children between the ranges of 2-4 are enrolled in schools with the highest percentage of enrolment about 59.2% of the respondents female children are enrolled in schools. More so, 43.3% of the total respondents’ children are enrolled in schools, implying low enrollment in schools due to their low standard of living and unemployment in the country as indicated by 61.7% of the respondents to be a challenge to school enrolment for their children. In conclusion, the government should come up with strategies of establishing program such as free education where rural farmers’ children can benefit from and also ensure access to loans to improve farm business of rural farmers, supplying them with input and improved varieties that will increase their yield with commensurate income to support the enrolment of their children in schools. This will encourage and support enrolment of their children in school and eventually improve their living standard in the society.

scholarly journals TAHAP PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT KELANTAN TERHADAP KEGANASAN RUMAH TANGGA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Nuruaslizawati Ayob ◽  
Siti Hajar Abdul Rauf ◽  
Nur Masliza Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The People ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract: Domestic violence is a serious social problem and can affect the health and well-being of its victims. Domestic violence statistic showed that there were an increasing number of domestic violence cases from the year 2014 to 2019. The main objective of this study is to examine the knowledge level of the Kelantanese people on the issue of domestic violence. This study used a quantitative research design through the distribution of questionnaires to obtain raw data. The selection was made randomly with a sample of 200 respondents. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17.0. The results of the study suggest that the level of knowledge of the people of Kelantan on the issue of domestic violence is at a high level with the mean value = 3.82 and standard deviation = 0.99. The findings of the study found that the majority of Kelantanese have a high knowledge on the issue of domestic violence. However, the number of domestic violence cases is relatively high. Thus, social support and encouragement from various parties such as friends, family and the authorities are necessary to reduce cases of domestic violence in the community. Keywords: Domestic violence, Physical abuse, Emotional abuse, Economic abuse, Sexual abuse     Abstrak: Keganasan rumah tangga merupakan masalah sosial yang serius dan mampu memberi kesan kepada kesihatan serta kesejahteraan hidup seseorang. Statistik keganasan rumah tangga menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan dalam laporan mengenai kes keganasan rumah tangga yang berlaku pada tahun 2014 hingga 2019. Tujuan utama kajian ini adalah untuk melihat sejauh mana tahap pengetahuan masyarakat Kelantan terhadap isu keganasan rumah tangga. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kuantitatif melalui edaran borang soal selidik bagi mendapatkan data mentah. Pemilihan sampel dibuat secara rawak mudah ke atas 200 orang responden. Kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Science Social (SPSS) versi 17.0. Hasil kajian mendapati tahap pengetahuan rakyat Kelantan terhadap isu keganasan rumah tangga berada pada tahap yang tinggi iaitu nilai min= 3.82 dan sisihan piawai= 0.99. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa majoriti rakyat Kelantan mempunyai pengetahuan yang tinggi terhadap isu keganasan rumah tangga. Namun begitu, jumlah kes keganasan rumah tangga yang berlaku di Negeri Kelantan adalah agak tinggi. Justeru, sokongan dan dorongan daripada pelbagai pihak seperti rakan, keluarga dan pihak berwajib adalah perlu bagi mengurangkan masalah kes keganasan rumah tangga dalam masyarakat. Kata kunci: Keganasan rumah tangga, Keganasan fizikal, Keganasan emosi, Keganasan ekonomi, Keganasan seksual

scholarly journals DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175b-1175
Author(s):  
David W. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Good View ◽  
The People ◽  
Actual Use

The keynote address for this session was presented by Drs. Rachael and Stephen Kaplan. They presented the concept of “Thereness” - that the knowledge that the availability of a good view of vegetation from the workplace was more important to the psychological well-being of workers than the actual use of that view. M.K. Honeyman then presented results of a study which showed that vegetation does contribute to psychological wellbeing, and the lack of vegetation may create stress. Dr. E. Matsuo, in his paper, stated that all human creative actions are motivated by the urge to either foster or to acquire, and to be kept from either of these two would prevent us from living a fulfilled life. He also cautioned that we should account for the value of horticulture as a part of human life rather than just report the dollar value of the economics of horticulture.. Dr. B. Hull then stated that community is the overlapping of the extensions of the self-images of the people within that community. A. Mukherjee reported that community, state and regional planning must be coordinated to protect existing farms, watersheds and views as urban developments spread into rural areas. With time remaining, Bilge Friedlaender made an oral presentation of her poster outlining the making of seven community gardens, and closed with a moving statement of oar responsibilities for the stewardship of our earth.

scholarly journals The institution of traditional authority in Okombahe, Erongo Region of Namibia: can the institution be reconciled with democratic values of justice?

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (spe) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Madikgomo More
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Traditional Authority ◽  
Communal Identity ◽  
Informal Institution ◽  
Traditional Leaders ◽  
The People

The purpose of the article was to explore the roles and functions of the institution of traditional authority in contributing to access to justice or providing a form of justice through the preservation of customary law to the people of the Okombahe community in the Erongo Region of Namibia. The article's aim was to investigate the factors that have contributed to the institution's resilience and how this resilience may be tied to the type of justice this customary institution provides and represents. The institution of traditional authority has recently caught the attention of both scholars and policymakers due to the increasing return or revival of this "ancient" form of governance in the contemporary era that is constantly changing its procedures and rules of appointment to adapt to contemporary concerns and social problems. The scope of traditional leaders' jurisdiction and power is defined in the roles and functions they fulfil. As a popular legitimate informal institution in Okombahe, traditional leaders were found to manage and resolve conflict, and to preserve communal identity, unity, and continuity. This article highlights the significance of the institution of traditional authority as a legitimate customary institution originating from the bottom-up, and as a system that can be complementary to democracy as opposed to the assumption sometimes held that it is contesting with it. In Okombahe, the institution of traditional authority was found to contribute to providing an accessible justice system option grounded in this community's identity, history and social norms. The data collection employed for this qualitative case study of Okombahe consisted of interviews, supporting documents, and relevant scientific articles.

scholarly journals REVEALING THE POVERTY ERADICATION EFFORTS THROUGH AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN SABAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Romzi Ationg ◽  
Mohd Sohaimi Esa ◽  
Mohd Azri Ibrahim ◽  
Irma Wani Othman ◽  
Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The People

Poverty eradication through the agricultural sector has been one of the most important agendas in Sabah. To understand this matter, an examination of poverty eradication history in Sabah is immensely valuable. Accordingly, by examine the documents such as books, official government reports journals, and newspapers, this paper discusses the poverty eradication efforts in Sabah. Based on the information obtained, it shows that the rural areas' economic development in Sabah through the agricultural sector has been the focus of both the state and the federal governments. This was carried out due to the need of ensuring the people of Sabah be able to improve their standard of living, particularly in terms of socio-economics well-being as they generally linked with the issue of poverty.

Performance of Undershot Waterwheel Curved Blade of the Laboratory Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 967 ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Irwan Lie Keng Wong ◽  
Atus Buku ◽  
Josefine Ernestine Latupeirissa ◽  
Herby Calvin Pascal Tiwouy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Water Source ◽  
High Flow ◽  
The People ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Curved Blade ◽  
High Torque

Undershot waterwheels have been used by the people in rural areas to lift and distribute the water to the bottom which is higher than the water source. Waterwheels has a relatively simple design, large diameter, high speed and high torque. But applying it as a microhydro with high speed and small diameter still has to be explored. Waterwheels can operate efficiently in locations with high flow speeds. The Waterwheel functions from a waterwheel blade as a place to ride water so that the wheel can spin. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the higher the flow of water with a large number of buckets, the speed of rotation of the wheel will be slower. Conversely, the lower the flow of water with the number of buckets a little then the spinning wheel is faster.

Impact of an Outbreak of Dengue Fever: A Case Study from Rural Puerto Rico

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This study documents the impact of an outbreak of dengue fever for the people who experienced the disease in Lares, a rural municipality in Puerto Rico. Symptomatology presented by reported cases of the fever corresponds to the clinical picture of the mild form of the dengue virus. The study utilizes a combined quantitative/qualitative methodological approach. The findings indicate that social status is a significant factor in terms of who is affected by the dengue fever. The impact of the outbreak was greater for poor communities in the urban and semi-rural areas, particularly for women who described themselves as housewives and mothers, and their children. Social expectations and the family's demands for these women to fulfill the role of caretaker superseded their own sick role. In addition, they experienced the greatest loss of time as a consequence of the outbreak. The main effect of the outbreak on work activities not traditionally remunerated with money, such as housework, was the inability of adult females in the household to perform their routine activities to maintain family life. Moreover, the monetary costs of health care absorbed a significant percentage of the household weekly income. The impact on psychological well-being was related to the stress produced by the clinical, social, and economic consequences of the outbreak for women. Implications of salient results for dengue fever prevention and control, as well as for the field of applied medical anthropology are discussed.

scholarly journals A Perspective Study of Women Micro-Entrepreneurs in the Rural Areas of Osun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
V. Karthihai Selvi ◽  
S. Muthupandi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Purposive Sample ◽  
Economic Well Being

The socio-economic contributions of rural-women entrepreneurs in many countries have not been properly captured in the right perspective. Consequently, the economic potentials of this category of rural dwellers have been underutilized. This empirical study highlights some salient features of these entrepreneurs and their microenterprises. Their demographic characteristics as well as motivation factors, among others, were collected from a purposive sample of one hundred- and fifty-women micro-entrepreneurs from five rural areas in Aiyedire Local government Area (LGA) of Osun state using structured questionnaires. The interview technique, alongside a consideration of relevant extant literatures was also utilized to increase the richness of the data obtained. The information obtained in the survey was analyzed using simple descriptive statistical tools with the support of the computer statistical software SPSS 14.0.In conclusion, the women micro-entrepreneurs make significant contributions to the socio-economic well-being of their families, the rural communities as well as the country at large. It is recommended that for such contributions to be more substantial, the entrepreneurial capabilities of these women need to be further enhanced through gender specific supports that are rural friendly.

scholarly journals STRESSORS OF THE STUDY PROCESS, THEIR EMPIRICAL RESEARCH AT RĒZEKNE ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Eriks Kalvans
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Student Stress ◽  
Mental Problems ◽  
Study Process ◽  
High Level

This scientific article presents a theoretical review of stress factors of young students and the results of empirical research of these factors at the Rezekne Academy of Technologies. The need for such research is justified by International studies (n=540 000), in which was found that the study process causes high level of stress in 37% of students. The results of other studies in different countries also show that the prevalence and severity of mental problems among students is increasing. Overall, these studies indicate that students are increasingly experiencing symptoms of increased anxiety and stress, as well as depression. Thus, increase in student stress levels and related deterioration of students' psychological well-being is a major challenge in today's higher education institutions. Taking into account the mentioned findings, the aim of this article is to identify the most common stress factors in the study process at the Rezekne Academy of Technologies. The analysis of scientific literature and empirical results were used as basic methods in the development of the article. 

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