scholarly journals Carvedilol Protects against Cyclosporine Nephropathy in Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kotolová ◽  
P. Kollár ◽  
M. Jarošová
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Transferrin ◽  
Protein Levels

The aim of our experimental work was to study whether carvedilol is able to protect renal tissue from cyclosporine toxic effect in animal model of cyclosporine nephropathy. The study was performed on twenty Wistar rats divided in two experimental groups: control (treated with placebo) and carvedilol (treated with p.o. dose 10mg/kg/day in 1 ml solution). Cyclosporine in oral dose of 15 mg/kg/day was administered to all animals during 15 days of experiment. Urine was collected daily for the assessment of diuresis, proteinuria, and determination of urea and creatinine levels. Serum collected at the end of the experiment (day 15) was used for the determination of urea and transferrin levels. The level of renal tissue damage was evaluated by the Jones method for basal membranes, glomeruli and tubuli impregnation, and by the Kossa method for calcium impregnation. For the determination of paranuclear inclusions presence we used chromanilinblue (CAB) method. Statistically significant differences between total protein levels in urine on day 7 of the experiment and urea levels in serum at the end of the experiment in the control group and the carvedilol-treated group indicate a protective effect of carvedilol on renal tissue, which is supported also by the results of a histological examination of renal tissue. Significant increase in the serum transferrin level was registered in the carvedilol-treated group and no significant changes were noted in ceruloplasmin serum levels. In conclusion, our pilot study showed that carvedilol has the ability to protect renal tissue from cyclosporine induced nephropathy in rats.

scholarly journals Consequences of Dental Occlusion Enhancement by Means of Metal Crowns on the Animal Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3517-3519
Author(s):  
Ana Ispas ◽  
Antarinia Craciun ◽  
Liana Lascu ◽  
Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta Patrascu ◽  
Mariana Constantiniuc
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between induced occlusal trauma and the occurrence of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Twenty Wistar rats were randomized into three experimental groups and one control group. Animals in the experimental group were cemented modified crowns on molars to induce occlusal trauma in 7, 14 and 30 days. To evaluate the oxidative stress, blood was drawn from the hippocampus at 7, 14 and 30 day intervals. Oxidative stress was evaluated using the following specific tests: determination of plasma malondialdehyde and serum glutathione values. The results of the study demonstrate that malocclusion experienced by raising the vertical dimension in rats resulted in significant reductions in antioxidants and increase level of free radicals.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Trigona Honey in the Therapy and Prevention against Respiratory Infection in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2955-2962
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Khaled Al-kafaween ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi ◽  
Mohamed M. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Trigona honey (TH) is well known for its therapeutic characteristics. To date, the study of Trigona honey as a prophylactic or immune booster prior to the bacterial infection of the invivo model is not well covered. This study aims to investigate anti-inflammatory and immune activities in Wistar rats infected with respiratory infection following with Trigona honey. 25 Wistar rats were assigned to possitive groups, negative control group, positive control group was fed TH (5 g / kg body weight) orally, the untreated group was infected with Staphylococcus aureus to induce respiratory infection, the treated group has been infected with S. aureus followed by treatment with TH at a dose of 1.5 ×108 CFU / mL and the preventive group ingested TH one week before S. aureus infection. Blood was obtained for biochemical analysis. Lung tissues have been collected for molecular examination. The results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of ALT, AST, urea and creatinine in the preventive and treated groups, serum IgG increased significantly (P<0.05) in the preventive and treated groups, IFN-y increased in the preventive group while decreased in the treated group, and IL-8 increased in the treated group while decreased in the preventive group. The mRNA expression of AGP is up-regulated in the positive control, preventive and treated groups. The α2-MG, TNF-α , and mRNA expressions showed lower regulation after administration of TH in preventive and treated groups. The results show the ability of TH to counteract immune and inflammatory changes in serum levels and gene expressions.

Similar Serum Levels of IL-6 and its Soluble Receptors in Patients with HCV-Related Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Riccio ◽  
L. Postiglione ◽  
P. Sabatini ◽  
M. Linvelli ◽  
I. Soriente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Soluble Receptors ◽  
Significant Difference

The high serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptors (sIL-6r and sgp 130), described in the course of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), have been linked to the enhanced activity of this cytokine in this disorder. In this study, the serum concentrations of IL-6 and its soluble receptors were determined in a group of patients with HCV-related arthritis (HCVrA), a condition resembling RA in several aspects, and then compared to those found in a sample of subjects affected by RA. Twenty-one patients with HCVrA, 24 patients with RA and 20 healthy subjects (control group) were examined. Different ELISA methods were used for determination of serum concentrations of IL-6, sIL-6r and sgp 130. Increased IL-6 serum levels were found in 15 (71%) of the patients with HCVrA and in 16 (62%) of those with RA. Eight (38%) of the patients with HCVrA and 11 (46%) of those with RA denoted high levels of sIL-6r, while sgp 130 levels were elevated in 21 (76%) of the patients with HCVrA and in 16 (69%) of those with RA. A significant difference between the median values of sIL-6r and sgp 130 levels in the two groups of patients versus controls was found. A mild correlation of these parameters with RF levels was detected in the RA group. Furthermore, in HCVrA patients the serum levels of IL-6, sIL-6r and sgpl30 appeared unrelated to HCV viraemia and to levels of transaminases. The enhanced serum levels of IL-6 in HCVra patients indicate an increased synthesis and hyperactivity of this cytokine in HCVrA, and the substantial similarity of the behaviour of IL-6 and its serum receptors in the two groups of patients suggests common mechanisms with RA, in which the function of IL-6 is central.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre and Post Infection Administration of Zinc and Selenium on some Biochemical indices in Wistar Rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Timothy Tese ◽  
Kola Matthew Anigo ◽  
Alice Onyeche Jonah ◽  
Meshack Anthony Kugama ◽  
Tinok Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei ◽  
Group Iii

Aims: The effect of pre and post-infection administration of zinc and selenium on Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in wistar rats on some biochemical parameters were investigated. Study Design:  The study was designed to evaluate the effect of pre and post infection administration of zinc and selenium on Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in wistar rats. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR), Kaduna and Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, between January 2014 to March 2014. Methodology: Fifty four (54) wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six (6) rats each. Groups III-IX were infected intraperitoneally with 1x103parasite load. Animals in group III were                       infected but untreated while the infected/treated groups received prophylactic (IV, V and VI) and therapeutic (VII, VIII and IX) treatment with zinc and selenium 50mg/kg and 10mg/kg body weight respectively. Results: Results obtained showed that serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities in the infected-untreated control group were significantly different (P<0.05) and higher as compared to infected treated and normal control. Similarly, the two minerals significantly decreased (P<0.05) the levels of Urea and Creatinine in the infected treated when compared to the infected untreated rats, with the exception of creatinine value of the post-infected treated with selenium where there was no significant (P>0.05) decrease. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum levels of total Protein, albumin and total bilirubin and no significant (P>0.05) difference in direct bilirubin was recorded in infected treated group compared to infected untreated and normal control. Conclusion: It was concluded that administration of zinc and selenium ameliorate the infection-induced biochemical changes in tissues and organs associated with Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in Wistar rats.

Hepatoprotective Potential of Elsholtzia densa Against Acute and Chronic Models of Liver Damage in Wistar Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovais Zargar ◽  
Rohina Bashir ◽  
Showkat Ganie ◽  
Akbar Masood ◽  
Mohammad Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chronic Models ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against experimentally induced acute (CCl4) and chronic (paracetamol) liver injury in albino wistar rats. Activity was measured by monitoring the serum levels of ALT, ALP AST and LDH, total protein levels, bilirubin and albumin. The results of the CCl4 and paracetamol-induced liver toxicity experiments showed that the rats treated with the methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa exhibited a significant decrease in biochemical parameters as well as the proteins, which were all elevated in the CCl4 and paracetamol group. The extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg body wt. showed a significant decline (P≤0.05) in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH to 69.50±2.23IU/L, 60.01±2.25IU/L,46.20±2.24 IU/L and 150.21±5.68IU/L in CCl4 injected animals and 51.12±2.20 IU/L,49.15±3.25 IU/L, 44.12±2.56 IU/L and 125.15±4.45 IU/L in paracetamol-treated animals when compared to the control group. The activities of tissue antioxidants GSH, GPx, GR, GST and CAT was significantly (P≤0.05) restored in dose dependent manner in animals treated with extracts as with acute and chronic hepatotoxic models. The current study confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against the model hepatotoxicant CCl4 and paracetamol.

Low Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 in Gunn Rats: A Hyperbilirubinemia Animal Model of Schizophrenic Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Maiko Hayashida ◽  
Sadayuki Hashioka ◽  
Kenji Hayashida ◽  
Shoko Miura ◽  
Keiko Tsuchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Gunn Rats

Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 (also referred to as basic FGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that plays a pivotal role in the pro-survival, pro-migration and pro-differentiation of neurons. Method: Because alterations in FGF2 levels are suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis schizophrenia, we investigated serum levels of FGF2 in the Gunn rat, a hyperbilirubinemia animal model of schizophrenic symptoms. Results: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the serum levels of FGF2 in Gunn rats were 5.09 ± 0.236 pg/mL, while those in the normal strain Wistar rats were 11.90 ± 2.142 pg/mL. The serum FGF2 levels in Gunn rats were significantly lower than those in Wistar rats. We also measured serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) and found a significant negative correlation between UCB and FGF2 at serum levels in all the rats studied. Conclusion: Since it is known that FGF2 regulates dopaminergic neurons and have anti-neuroinflammatory effects, our finding suggests that low FGF2 levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, in which disbalanced dopamin-ergic signaling and neuroinflammation are supposed to play certain roles.

scholarly journals Treatment of atopic dermatitis using non-thermal atmospheric plasma in an animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik Jun Moon ◽  
Mi Ra Yun ◽  
Hae Kyeong Yoon ◽  
Keon Hee Lee ◽  
Sun Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epidermal Thickness

AbstractCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been incorporated into various fields, including promotion of cutaneous wound healing. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic cutaneous condition characterized by inflammation-induced skin wounds and impaired skin barrier function. To investigate whether CAP may improve AD using an animal model. Dermatophagoides farinae extracts (DFE)-induced murine models of AD were used in this study. The plasma-treated group received a total of 6 CAP treatments during 2 weeks, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Differences in dermatitis severity, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), serum level of immunoglobulin (Ig) E and epidermal thickness were evaluated in both groups. The dermatitis severity was significantly improved by CAP treatment. TEWL was lower in the plasma-treated group compared with the non-treated control group. Serum Ig E dropped significantly after treatment with CAP. Difference in epidermal thickness of the ear skin was not significant between the plasma-treated and non-treated groups. Localized treatment of AD with CAP decreases dermatitis severity, TEWL, and serum Ig E level. These results show CAP’s potentials as a novel therapeutic modality for AD.

Determination of the L-ascorbic acid requirements in Wistar osteogenic disorder Shionogi rats for prolonged carcinogenesis experiments

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Y. Chan ◽  
P. C. Reade
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Supplement Group ◽  
Palatal Mucosa

Wistar Shionogi rats of the ( od/od) substrain with the osteogenic disorder are unable to synthesize L-ascorbic acid ( L-AA) and appear to be an appropriate animal model for studying the effect of L-AA in carcinogenesis. To determine the minimal L-AA requirements of these animals for prolonged survival in a satisfactory physical condition during experimentation, four concentrations of L-AA (0.33 g/l, 0.67 g/l, 1.67 g/l and 3.33 g/l) were administered via drinking water to four groups of animals ( n=2). Their water intake per cage was recorded three times weekly and the plasma L-AA levels were determined at the start, after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks and at the termination of the experiment. To simulate the procedures to be undertaken in oral mucosal carcinogenesis experiments, the animals were gently restrained and a designated amount of sterile NaCl was applied to the palatal mucosa three times a week for 26 weeks. The L-AA supplement group with the lowest concentration (0.33 g/l L-AA) achieved mean plasma levels of 7 ± 1.38 μM, approximately one-eighth that of the normal level (mean plasma L-AA level in outbred Wistar rats was found to be 58 ± 3 μM) whilst those in the higher supplement group (3.33 g/l L-AA) achieved a mean of 18 ± 1.25 μM. All of the animals employed in the present study survived for 26 weeks and showed no clinical signs of L-AA deficiency during this period.

Clinical application of a new ternary polymer, SEC-1 coat™, for pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass circuits: a prospective randomized pilot study

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Tomomi Hasegawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Oshima ◽  
Shinji Yokoyama ◽  
Asuka Akimoto ◽  
Yusuke Misaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pediatric Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Counts

Objective: The use of biocompatible materials to reduce the systemic activation of inflammation and coagulation pathways is expanding rapidly. However, there have been few clinical studies of biocompatible circuits for pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. This pilot study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the biocompatibility of SEC-1 coat™ (SEC) for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits in pediatric cardiac surgery. Methods: Twenty infants undergoing cardiac surgery for isolated ventricular septal defects at Kobe Children’s Hospital were assigned randomly to an SEC-coated (SEC group, n = 10) or heparin-coated (control group, n = 10) circuit. Perioperative data and the following markers were prospectively analyzed: platelet counts and interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C3a, β-thromboglobulin, and thrombin–antithrombin complex levels. Results: Neither patient characteristics nor postoperative clinical outcomes differed significantly between the SEC and control groups. Platelet counts markedly decreased during cardiopulmonary bypass in both groups, but were significantly better preserved in the SEC group. Fewer patients needed postoperative platelet transfusions in the SEC group. After cardiopulmonary bypass termination, serum levels of β-thromboglobulin and thrombin–antithrombin complex were significantly lower in the SEC than in the control group. Although the differences were not statistically significant, serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and C3a had a tendency toward being lower in the SEC group, with good preservation of leukocyte counts, fibrinogen, and antithrombin III. Conclusion: SEC-1 coat™ for cardiopulmonary bypass circuits have good biocompatibility with regard to platelet preservation and in terms of attenuating inflammatory reaction or coagulation activation during pediatric cardiac surgery. It can be beneficial in pediatric as well as adult cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin, and Thiazolidinediones on Bone Histomorphometry in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Postmenopausal Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Derya Köseoğlu ◽  
Gülnur Take ◽  
Banu Aktaş Yılmaz ◽  
Erdal Kan ◽  
Nuri Çakır
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Histomorphometry ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic skeletal disease with low bone mass and bone microarchitectural disorganization. Thiazolidinediones (TZD) increase insulin sensitivity through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). One of the most important side effects of this drugs is its effects on bone, especially in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin, and TZDs on bone in postmenopausal Wistar rats. Methods: Sixteen postmenopausal Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (i) control group, (ii) Streptozotocin-induced DM group without treatment, (iii) Streptozotocin-induced DM group with insulin therapy, and (iv) Streptozotocin-induced DM group receiving rosiglitazone. Pictures of the obtained samples were taken under computer-equipped photo-light microscope, and bone tissue ratios were calculated in an area of 1 mm2. In this area, trabecular thicknesses were measured from six randomly selected regions. In addition, femoral neck regions were determined by measuring the farthest distance. Results: Compared to the control group, trabecular thicknesses were decreased in the uncontrolled DM and rosiglitazone groups. In the rosiglitazone-treated group, trabecular thickness was decreased compared to the uncontrolled DM group. The histological examination of the bones showed that uncontrolled DM and rosiglitazone treatment negatively affected the osteoblast and osteocyte activity. Insulin-treated group had a similar histologic examination compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study showed that DM had unfavorable effects on bones, and rosiglitazone further exerts this effect. However, the negative effect of DM may be neutralized with the use of insulin. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, bone, osteoporosis, bone histomorphometry, rosiglitazone, insulin, thiazolidinediones

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