…… and How Much for Your Grandmother?

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
J G U Adams
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rational Calculation

Environmental planners frequently make decisions about projects which cost lives. The rational calculation of the optimal sacrifice of human life requires that such lives be made commensurate with all other factors relevant to the project under consideration. The measure most favoured by decision makers in charge of complex social problems is cash. This paper discusses the significance of recent progress toward the discovery of the correct cash value of human life.

PENERAPAN SOSIODRAMA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGELOLA KONFLIK REMAJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-104
Author(s):  
Adam Adam
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Social Disintegration ◽  
Group Members

The process of human development is inseparable from the influence of the environment, so the development of adolescents who sit in junior high school will be different from adolescents in high school, or in college, even though human life is definitely not going to be separated from the past and the future. Adolescence is one of the development periods experienced by humans in their lives. During the transition, adolescents are in an unstable condition. There is a feeling of insecurity, because they have to change or change the behavior patterns of adolescents from children to adults. From this transition period the potential for social conflict arises, because of the desire to meet human needs. Sociodrama is one of the techniques in group guidance that aims to solve social problems that arise in human relationships that can be implemented if most group members face similar social problems, or if they want to practice or change certain attitudes. Conflicts can have positive or negative effects, and they always exist in life. The problem is how the conflict can be managed in such a way that it does not cause social disintegration. Therefore, it needs a conflict management, so that the conflict can be controlled and directed

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Zohreh kheilkordi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Biological Perspective ◽  
Highly Active

Background: Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers. Objective: This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product. Conclusion: There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

E-Government in Syria

2012 ◽  
pp. 212-236
Author(s):  
Elias Farzali ◽  
Ghassan Kanaan ◽  
Raed Kareem Kanaan ◽  
Kamal Atieh
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Enterprise Integration ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Technology Revolution ◽  
Administrative Procedures

The information technology revolution has forced many governments to create new mechanisms for delivering services in order to reduce costs, increase the ease of administration, and overcome some of the economic and social problems. E-Government uses the methods of new technology to simplify administrative procedures and assist decision-makers in their operations. Using the survey method and interviews, this chapter investigates e-Government activities in Syria in order to explore the main barriers of e-Government. It focuses on how to utilize the necessary frameworks in policy, economics, administrative procedures, society, and technology, with the aim of showing the benefits of Enterprise Integration in e-Government. The chapter extensively reviews the literature on barriers to e-Government and Enterprise Integration technologies. Based on the investigation of barriers to current e-Government activities in Syria, the chapter proposes an e-Government Interoperability Framework that is designed to address effective implementation of e-Government in developing countries.

Rating Risk Factors Related to Dangerous Goods Transportation and Selecting an Ideal Warehouse Location

2022 ◽  
pp. 164-184
Author(s):  
Çağlar Karamaşa ◽  
Selçuk Korucuk ◽  
Ezgi Demir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Warehouse Location ◽  
Picture Fuzzy Sets

Considering the environment and human life, the importance of dangerous goods transportation should be carefully considered. Preventing damages during this transportation, anticipating the dangers, and minimizing the risks are vital components for businesses, human life, and the environment. Therefore, reducing/minimizing risks in dangerous goods transportation is a critical element of vital importance. This chapter is aimed to rate the risk factors related to dangerous goods transportation and select the most ideal warehouse locations due to the their importance for human and environmental health. There are a number of factors for that purpose. There are six provinces in the Eastern Black Sea region having the strategic function and structure. According to the decision makers' views and judgments, three provinces are determined in terms of dangerous goods transportation. Picture fuzzy sets-based AHP-TOPSIS methodology was used to analyze the problem of dangerous goods transportation and the most ideal warehouse location selection.

scholarly journals Proses Pengambilan Keputusan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
yola febriani ◽  
Hade Afriansyah ◽  
Rusdinal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Made In

This article aims to describe how is the process of decision making. Decision making is something that is never separated from human life, both simple decision making and complex problems. Everyone is always faced with the choice to take a decision. To be able to take the right decisions, every person should know the steps. This article presents what the decision-making steps and what is the importance of creative thinking in decision making. Creative thinking will help decision makers to improve the quality and effectiveness of problem solving and decision making results were made. In relation to the process of decision making, creative thinking is needed, especially in identifying problems and develop alternative solutions. The methodology used to arrange this article is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). First, researcher find relevant theories, and then make a conclusion about it, then analyzing, and finally make a new information based researcher analyzing.

scholarly journals Proses Pengambilan Keputusan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
yola febriani ◽  
Hade Afriansyah ◽  
Rusdinal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Made In

This article aims to describe how is the process of decision making. Decision making is something that is never separated from human life, both simple decision making and complex problems. Everyone is always faced with the choice to take a decision. To be able to take the right decision, every person should know the steps. This article presents what the decision making steps and what is the importance of creative thinking in decision making. Creative thinking will help decision makers to improve the quality and effectiveness of problem solving and decision making results were made. In relation to the process of decision making, creative thinking is needed, especially in identifying problems and develop alternative solutions. The methodology used to arrange this article is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). First, researcher find relevant theories, and then make a conclusion about it, then analyzing, and finally make a new information based researcher analyzing

scholarly journals Hydrological modelling for flood forecasting in Kénitra catchments, Western of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aghad ◽  
Lhoussaine El Mezouary ◽  
Mohamed Sadiki ◽  
Jamal Alkarkouri
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Third

The Kenitra city located in western of Morocco. It is a port on the Sbu river, has a population in 2014 of 431,282. This city has known a rapid growth in the number of inhabitants due to the migration of the surrounding villages, as well as the growth of a group of industrial activities, as this city is the third economic city in Morocco, as it contains the third industrial zone in Morocco, this region follows the activity of car factories. Given its social and economic importance, protecting it from flood risks is a priority for decision-makers. In this paper, we developed a hydrological model using HEC-HMS tools for the purpose of protecting human life and economic activities from the risk of floods. The forecast model has been used in order to identify and regions at risk from flooding and to take other precautions to protect life. Additionally, a forecast can provide the basis for preparing critical infrastructure for floods in order to minimize damage.

scholarly journals Ethical Decision Making in Emergent Emergencies under a Veil of Ignorance

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Vaia Papanikolaou ◽  
Yiannis Roussakis ◽  
Panagiotis Tzionas
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Emergent Behavior ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Veil Of Ignorance ◽  
Response Measures ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
The Veil ◽  
Feedback Responses

In this paper we initially propose a scheme for the determination of threats due to the Covid19 pandemic, followed by appropriate response measures. In order to devise successful response actions, one should pay extreme care in identifying the actual threats posed and, as a matter of fact, prioritize them with respect to their severity on human life, societal risks, democratic operation of the institutions and the state and irreversible environmental impact.But would everyone be benefited the same by these response measures? There lies the danger to be unfair of even ignoring socially disadvantaged groups and, thus, increasing social inequality gaps. And the new equilibrium attained runs the danger of being less stable than the old one, exhibiting degraded emergent behavior and capabilities for self-organization. In this case we would have achieved exactly the opposite of what we wished for, a system of lower resilience to perturbations.Thus, we argue that the ethical element is the predominant factor that should determine all types of feedback responses and actions taken by decision-makers in all political, social, economic and environmental aspects during the process of returning to normality.Towards this purpose, a method of determining the morality of response measures is required. A variation of the ‘Veil of Ignorance’ provides such a method, as introduced in this paper. It asks the decision-makers to make choices about social or moral issues related to the feedback responses to the pandemic and assumes that they have enough information to know the consequences of their possible decisions for everyone but would not know which person they will be themselves, in the new equilibrium. We believe that the proposed ethical framework will result to just and fair to all response measures. 

Rule-Based Actionable Intelligence for Disaster Situation Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Sarika Jain ◽  
Sumit Sharma ◽  
Jorrit Milan Natterbrede ◽  
Mohamed Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
Semantic Rule ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Rule Based Approach ◽  
Over Time

Managing natural disasters is a social responsibility as they might cause a gloomy impact on human life. Efficient and timely alert systems for public and actionable recommendations for decision makers may well decrease the number of casualties. Web semantics strengthen the description of web resources for exploiting them better and making them more meaningful for both human and machine. In this work, the authors propose a semantic rule-based approach for disaster situation management (DSM) to reach the next level of decision-making power and its architecture for providing actionable intelligence in the domain of the earthquake. The system itself is based on a data pre-processing layer, a computation layer, and the middle layer relies on an extensive rule base of experts' advice stored over time and a disaster ontology along with its inherent semantics. The rule-based reasoning approach uses this knowledge base in combination with the expert rule base, written in SWRL rules, to infer recommendations for the response to an earthquake.

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using Statistical Multivariate Analysis “PCA” in the Mediterranean Kabylia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel kab ◽  
Lynda Djerbal ◽  
Ramdane bahar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Susceptibility Maps ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Approach ◽  
Gis System ◽  
Collection And Management

Abstract Landslides are one of the most catastrophic geo-risks observed in northern Algeria, particularly in the regions of mountain ranges (Mediterranean Kabylia), where the processes are spectacular. Over the past decade, the landslides risk has become increasingly amplified in urban space, mainly affecting the economy and human life. This highlights the importance and the need to predict the spatial occurrence of these events in the national territory. In order to better manage this phenomenon, decision-makers must be able to have susceptibility maps, allowing them to identify areas in their region where new landslides will have a higher probability of being triggered in the future and of predefine the damage associated with this phenomenon. However, approaches to assessing landslide sensitivity require a good knowledge of previously observed scenarios and include data collection and management, as well as spatial and statistical analyzes. In this study, a new multivariate statistical approach "PCA" was proposed to produce landslide susceptibility maps of the study area in a GIS system. This study allows the automatic analysis of most of the parameters related to the occurrence of slope failures while reducing the factors not influencing the triggering of landslides, this eliminates the effect of redundancy between the factors studied.

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