Effectiveness Comparison of Bitter Melon Fruit (Momordica charantia L.) Extract with 2% Ketoconazole in Inhibiting Pityrosporum ovale Growth In Vitro

Background: To determine the charantin content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in-vitro of the bitter melon (Momordica charantia) in Thua Thien Hue.); Materials and Methods: bitter melon fruit was collected in Thua Thien Hue province, then taken to the laboratory for extraction, quantitation and activity test. Results: charantin content of bitter melon in Thua Thien Hue extracted with a solvent mixture of MeOH - CHCl3 (1:1 v/v) was found to be 0.204 %; antioxidant activity of FRAP content of fresh bitter melon extracted with solvent methanol was found to be 972.16 μmol Fe2+/L; the samples exhibited the antibacterial activity for four strains of bacterial pathogens with antimicrobial diameters from 14-17 mm. Conclusion: the charantin content of bitter melon fruit in Thua Thien Hue is high, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity are medium levels. Key words: bitter melon, charantin, antioxidants, FRAP, antibacterial.

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STRATEGY TO MASK THE BITTER TASTE OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACT USING ALGINATE–GELATIN BEADS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.84 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 381

Author(s):

Sutriyo . ◽

Raditya Iswandana ◽

Fauzana Fauzi

Keyword(s):

Particle Distribution ◽

Bitter Taste ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Ionic Gelation ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Round Shape ◽

Melon Fruit

Objective: This study is aimed to develop a strategy to mask the bitter taste of Momordica charantia Linn. extract using alginate–gelatin beads.Methods: Beads of bitter melon fruit extract (M. charantia Linn) were prepared using an ionic gelation method in which cross-linking occurs betweensodium alginate and calcium chloride that serves to mask the bitter taste. Beads were prepared using sodium alginate (1.5% w/v) with variousconcentrations of bitter melon fruit extract (1:2, 1:1, and 1:0.5), gelatin (2% w/v), and CaCl2 3%. The obtained beads were then characterized bothphysically and functionally, and their morphology, process efficiency, particle distribution, swelling index, and water content were recorded.Results: Formula 1 beads, with a 1:2 ratio of extract: alginate, displayed a near-round shape with a diameter of 600–1 200 μm, a swelling index of113.21%, and a moisture content of 15.34%. In addition, these beads were able to significantly cover the bitter taste (p<0.05).Conclusion: Formula 1 beads with a 1:2 ratio of extract: alginate can effectively mask the bitter taste of M. charantia Linn.

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Metabolite profiling and in vitro biological activities of two commercial bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linn.) cultivars

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 288 ◽

pp. 178-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jose Luis Perez ◽

G.K. Jayaprakasha ◽

Bhimanagouda S. Patil

Keyword(s):

Metabolite Profiling ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon

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Perbedaan Toksisitas Larutan Buah Pare (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) dan Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) Sebagai Biolarvasida Culex Sp

Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research Forikes Voice) ◽

10.33846/sf11nk211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Alifatun Khunafa' ◽

Ngadino Ngadino ◽

Hadi Suryono ◽

Aries Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Momordica Charantia ◽

Control Group ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tree Fruit ◽

Post Test ◽

Culex Sp ◽

Melon Fruit

One strategy to overcome the case of filariasis is by turning off the vector, namely Culex sp. Mosquitoes, and usually using chemicals as larvicides, in the long run, can cause resistance to larvae and environmental pollution. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) can cause death in larvae because they contain chemical compounds alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and are safe for animals and the environment. This study aims to determine the differences in the toxicity of Bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruti (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) as Culex sp bio-larvacides. The research method was experimental, with the research design used is the post-test only control group design. Samples were Culex sp. third instar mosquito larvae. The study used 4 replications and 7 treatments with 25 larvae of each treatment. The concentration of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) were 0% (control); 11%; 22%; 44%. Data analysis was performed analytically using a probit test and a different test (Two Way Anova). The results showed a solution of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) had the potential as a bio-larvacide and had a mortality rate at 0% concentration (control), in bitter melon fruit concentrations of 11%; 22%; 44% of 73%, 89%, 100%. Whereas in cucumber tree fruit concentration 11%; 22%; 44; by 95%, 99%, 100%. The different test showed that there was a significant difference between control, bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) solution to Culex sp larvae mortality (α <0.05). Suggestions that can be given is that bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) can be used as bio-larvacides and used as alternative larvacides as substitutes for chemical larvacides, and further research using different larvae is needed. Keywords: bio-larvacide; bitter melon fruit solution; cucumber tree solution; Culex sp ABSTRAK Salah satu strategi menanggulangi kasus filariasis adalah dengan cara mematikan vektor yaitu nyamuk Culex sp, dan biasanya menggunakan bahan kimiawi sebagai larvasida dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan resistensi pada larva dan pencemaran lingkungan. Buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linneus) dapat menyebabkan kematian pada larva karena mengandung senyawa kimia alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, serta bersifat aman terhadap hewan dan bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan toksisitas larutan buah pare (Momordica charantina linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) sebagai biolarvasida Culex sp. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental, dengan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah post test only control group design. Sampel berupa larva nyamuk Culex sp instar III. Penelitian menggunakan 4 replikasi dan 7 perlakuan dengan jumlah larva uji masing-masing perlakuan sebanyak 25 ekor. Konsentrasi buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linneus) yaitu 0% (kontrol); 11% ; 22% ; 44%. Analisis data dilakukan secara analitik menggunakan uji probit dan uji beda (Two Way Anova).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan larutan buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) berpotensi sebagai biolarvasida dan memiliki angka kematian pada konsentrasi 0% (kontrol), pada buah pare konsentrasi 11% ; 22% ; 44% sebesar 73%, 89%, 100%. Sedangkan pada buah belimbing wuluh konsentrasi 11% ; 22% ; 44; sebesar 95%, 99%, 100%. Uji beda menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kontrol, larutan buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan larutan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) terhadap kematian larva nyamuk Culex sp (α < 0,05). Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah agar buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biolarvasida dan dijadikan sebagai larvasida alternatif sebagai pengganti larvasida kimia, serta diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan larva yang berbeda. Kata kunci: biolarvasida; larutan buah pare; larutan buah belimbing wuluh; Culex sp.

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Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Fruit Decreased Blood Glucose Level and Improved Lipid Profile of Streptozotocin Induced Hyperglycemia Rats

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.6.2.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 359-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ummi Rohajatien ◽

Harijono Harijono ◽

Teti Estiasih ◽

Endang Sriwahyuni

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Cholesterol Absorption ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia, L) is a fruit that traditionally believe has benefits on health. The objective of this study is to identify bitter melon bioactive and nutritional compounds, and their effect on blood glucose level and lipid profile of streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia rats. Rats were divided into three group, those were normal group; hyperglycemia group without bitter melon fruit feeding; and hyperglycemia group with bitter melon fruit administration. Hyperglycemia condition was achieved by STZ induction. The experiment was conducted for 4 weeks. The results showed that fresh bitter melon fruit contains β-sitosterol 348.16+1.66 ppm, stigmasterol 183.08+0.8 ppm, campesterol 130.79+0.4 ppm, diosgenin 16.42+0.06 ppm, soluble dietary fiber 2.99+0.07%, insoluble dietary fiber 0.55+0.01%, and pectin 1.41+0.05%. At week 4 of experiment, bitter melon fruit fed hyperglycemia group showed a decrease of 56% blood glucose level compared to blood glucose level at week 0. Body weight of this group also increased. The improvement of lipid profile of bitter melon fed group was indicated by decreasing blood total cholesterol of 49%, triglyceride of 35%, LDL cholesterol of 42%, and increasing HDL of 133% compared to initial level at week 0. Bitter melon also increased fecal cholesterol secretion and effectively inhibited cholesterol absorption in hyperglycemia rats. Bitter melon fruit is suggested for hyperglycemia management due to its ability to reduce glucose and improve lipid profile simultaneously.

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Terapi Infusa Pekat Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan SOD pada Ginjal Tikus DM Tipe 1

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v6i2.6762 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Nuraeni Uswatun Hasanah ◽

Hafidatul Hasanah ◽

Hummatul Barroroh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is one of the Cucurbitaceae families which is useful as traditional antidiabetic medicine. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an autoimmune disease indicated by increasing blood sugar levels. The aim of this study to determine the effect of concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit on blood glucose levels and SOD activity in three diabetic levels (low, medium, acute) in DM Type 1 of rat kidney. The doses of therapy used were 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.80 and 1 mL/200 g body weight (BW). Blood sugar level was measured using enzymatic (glucose oxidase) method and SOD activity using NBT (Nitroblue tetrazolium) test. The results showed that the concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase the SOD activity of DM 1 in the rat kidney. The average ability of the therapy to reduce DM in low, medium, and acute level was 87.21, 84.5 and 55,56%, respectively. In 0.3 mL/200 g Bw dose, concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit reduced blood sugar level to all diabetes levels. The average value of concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit in increasing SOD activity was 144.76%. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, infuse, SOD (superoxide dismutase), bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) Buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) merupakan salah satu keluarga Cucurbitaceae yang bermanfaat sebagai obat tradisional, salah satunya untuk antidiabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit autoimun yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar gula darah (KGD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi infusa pekat buah pare terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan SOD pada tiga tingkat diabetes yaitu ringan, sedang dan akut pada ginjal tikus DM tipe 1. Dosis yang digunakan yakni 0,15; 0,30; 0,45; 0,60; 0,80; dan 1 mL/200 g BB. KGD diiukur dengan metode enzimatik (glukosa oksidase) dan aktivitas SOD diukur dengan uji NBT (Nitroblue tetrazolium). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapi infusa pekat buah pare berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah dan peningkatan kadar SOD pada ginjal tikus DM 1. Kemampuan rata-rata terapi dalam menurunkan DM tingkat ringan, sedang, dan akut masing-masing sebesar 87,21; 84,5 dan 55,56%. Pada dosis 0,3 mL/200 g BB, terapi infusa pekat buah pare mampu menurunkan KGD terhadap seluruh tingkat DM. Kemampuan rata-rata infusa pekat buah pare dalam meningkatkan kadar SOD sebesar 144,76%. Kata Kunci: Diabetes mellitus, infusa, SOD (superoksida dismutase), buah pare (Momordica charantia L.)

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Emerging Antitumor Activities of the Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia)

Current Protein and Peptide Science ◽

10.2174/1389203719666180622095800 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 296-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Evandro Fei Fang ◽

Lynn Froetscher ◽

Morten Scheibye-Knudsen ◽

Vilhelm A. Bohr ◽

Jack Ho Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Studies ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Short Review ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Antitumor Activities ◽

Medicine Research ◽

Anti Hiv

Bitter melon or bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) is a common vegetable in Asia and it is distinctive for its bitter taste. As an ingredient in folk medicine, research from different laboratories in recent years supports its potential medicinal applications with anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, anti-HIV activities in both in vitro and animal studies. In this short review, we summarize herein the recent progress in the antitumor aspect of bitter melon with a focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms. Further mechanistic studies as well as clinical trials are necessary to further verify its medicinal applications.

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Uji Sensitifitas Sari Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L) Pada Bakteri Edwardsiella tarda Dengan Metode Difusi Kertas Cakram Secara In Vitro [Sensitivity Test Of Fruit Bitter Melon Juice (Momordica charantia L) On Bacteria Edwardsiella tarda With Paper Disc Diffusion Method In Vitro]

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan ◽

10.20473/jipk.v4i1.11593 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Sudarno, Selvi Lely Rosanti, Sri Subekti

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Sensitivity Test ◽

Edwardsiella Tarda ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Melon Fruit

Abstract One of the problems encountered in fish farming is the disease attack. The attack of disease that was caused by bacteria is a problem that often occur in aquaculture. Traditional medicine is more readily accepted by communities because is cheap and easily available, have been quite familiar with the community. There were various kind of traditional medicine and has been widely studied chemically content and usefulness. Therefore there were still many plants unknown levels of toxicity, therefore need further study. Bacteria E. tarda spread in some countries such as Europe, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, United States, Singapore, and Malaysia. While in Indonesia E. tarda were found in Java, Sumatra, and Borneo. The aim of the research is to know the capabilities of the inhibition zone of fruit bitter melon power against the bacteria E. tarda in vitro and knowing whether fruit bitter melon effective in inhibiting the growth of the bacteria E. tarda with gold standard comparator antibiotics Tetracycline. The research was conducted on February 2011 in Bacteriology and Microbiology, laboratory in Fish Quarantine Juanda Sidoarjo district of East Java. The method used in this research is descriptive method that was done in vitro by using sensitivity test of diffusion method with the determination of inhibition zone by comparing with antibiotic inhibition zones. The results showed that bitter melon juice has a bacterial growth inhibition against E. tarda, although when was compared with gold standard antibiotic tetracycline shared considered less sensitive. Observations showed clear zone of bitter melon fruit juice shared with a diameter of 13.3mm, was compared with standard antibiotic tetracycline can inhibit with a minimum diameter of 15mm. Sensitivity test of bitter melon fruit juice will be classified as not susceptible to the bacteria therefore is able to inhibit E. tarda..

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Phytochemical Test of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Herb and its Effect on Rat Blood Sugar Levels

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine ◽

10.47760/ijpsm.2021.v06i07.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 153-163

Author(s):

Ijazati Alfitroh ◽

Suhatri Suhatri ◽

Harrizul Rivai

Keyword(s):

Blood Sugar ◽

Negative Control ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Male Rats ◽

Bitter Gourd ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Saponin Content ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

Melon Fruit

This study aims to determine the class of chemical compounds, phytochemical levels, antihyperglycemic effects, and histopathology of the pancreas of rats treated with bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Bitter gourd is made by adding water, then mashed and squeezed. The ingredients were tested for their phytochemical content and antidiabetic power. 15 male rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 as a negative control, namely normal rats without treatment, group 2 as a positive control given alloxan, group 3, namely rats given alloxan and bitter melon fruit 0.9 mL, group 4, namely rats given alloxan and bitter melon ingredients 1.8 mL, and group 5, namely rats, were given alloxan and a mixture of bitter melon 3.6 mL. The phytochemical test results of bitter melon fruit contain carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids. The total alkaloid content of the bitter melon fruit is 0.232%, the saponin content of the bitter melon fruit is 0.6375%, and the terpenoid content of the bitter melon fruit is 0.5317%. The administration of bitter melon fruit to diabetic rats can reduce blood sugar levels of rats and the histopathological observations of the pancreas of rats show a repair effect on pancreatic damage after administration of bitter melon herb.

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FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN TABLET EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L.) SECARA GRANULASI BASAH

Smart Medical Journal ◽

10.13057/smj.v2i1.29676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Ira Nur Fadhilah ◽

Dwi Saryanti

Keyword(s):

Physical Stability ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Binding Material ◽

Gelatin Concentration ◽

Bitter Fruit ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon fruit is one type of medicinal plant used by the community. Charantin is one of the efficacious compounds contained in bitter melon fruit and can be used to reduce glucose levels in the blood. Tablets have advantage that are easy to consume and exactly the size, so in this study bitter melon is made from tablet preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of gelatin binder which can produce tablets of bitter fruit extract (Momordica charantia L.) with good physical quality, and to determine the effect of gelatin as a binder on the physical stability test of bitter melon extract tablets (Momordica charantia L.) making bitter melon extract tablets is by wet granulation method, because the active ingredient of bitter melon fruit is not resistant to warming above 600C. Formulation tablets of bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) with gelatin binder at a concentration of 5%, 7.5%, 10% able to produce tablets that meet the requirements of tablet physical examination for 28 days. Gelatin binding concentration has an effect on the physical properties of tablets, the best concentration of gelatin binder is formula III with 10% gelatin concentration. The higher the concentration of the binding material, the higher the hardness, and fragility decreases. Keywords: Bitter Melon Extract (Momordica charantia L.), Gelatin binder, Wet Granulation.

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