A Sustainable Tourism Based on a New Institutional Economics Approach: Ecotourism Based on the Community in the Gasan Gadang Fishermen Village

Abstract This study aimed to determine the patterns of development and implementation of community-based ecotourism management and identify the impact of the community-based ecotourism in Gasan Gadang Village on the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the surrounding community. The methodology used was descriptive analysis with a new institutional economics approach and the Kruskal-Wallis Test analysis. The patterns of development and implementation of community-based ecotourism management with all levels of social change analysis, including formal and informal rules such as culture, customs, habits of Gasan Gadang villagers, institutional and governance management, and even the economy, are considered good. The Community-based ecotourism management has adopted the theory of resource allocation among stakeholders of Gasan Gadang Village. The findings of this study showed that community-based ecotourism institutions and management bring positive impacts on economic, social, and culture. There was no significant difference among economic, social, and environmental impacts between the non-authorities and community-based ecotourism authorities of Gasan Gadang Village. Thus, it could be said that the benefits of community-based ecotourism received by the community were all the same. Everyone got positive benefits. However, based on the findings, it could be seen that the biggest difference was the economic impacts followed by the social impacts, while the smallest difference is the environmental impacts. From this situation, it could be concluded that the performance of community-based ecotourism authorities in Gasan Gadang Village was good and positively impacted the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the Gasan Gadang Village fishermen community.

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The impact of regulation governance on financial system efficiency: The importance of consumer behavior

Risk Governance and Control Financial Markets & Institutions ◽

10.22495/rgcv11i1p6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 80-93

Author(s):

Alessandra von Borowski Dodl

Keyword(s):

Financial Services ◽

Institutional Economics ◽

Financial System ◽

New Institutional Economics ◽

System Efficiency ◽

Life Plans ◽

Governance Effectiveness ◽

Instrumental Values ◽

The Impact ◽

Theoretical Apparatus

This study focuses on the value structure that correlates improvements in the financial services consumer’s decision-making quality with the development of their autonomy. The discussion is based on the concepts of ceremonial and instrumental values, according to Bush (1987). We anchor our analysis on the premise that there is still room for enhancing the results within the National Financial System – NFS – by broadening the scope of initiatives on financial services consumers’ education and protection (von Borowski Dodl, 2020). Strengthening this perspective, we emphasize the consumer’s role as an agent and the relevance of taking decisions according to their life plans. The analysis is undertaken through the institutional literature lens, considering both schools of thought: Original Institutional Economics (OIE) (drawing on Tauheed, 2013a, 2013b) and New Institutional Economics (NIE) (focusing on North, 1990). From the conjunction of the theoretical apparatus and the applied analysis, we propose a governance policy within the NFS aimed at increasing its efficiency. Effective communication between stakeholders and consumers’ participation in the structuring of institutions – by publicly evincing their political power – hold the potential for promoting governance effectiveness. Additionally, although the approach taken focuses on the NFS, the diagnosis process carried out in this study can be easily reproduced in other contexts.

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The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the institutional change in developing countries

Ekonomia i Prawo ◽

10.12775/eip.2021.035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 587-601

Author(s):

Tomasz Legiędź

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Institutional Change ◽

Institutional Economics ◽

Influenza Pandemic ◽

Civil Liberties ◽

New Institutional Economics ◽

Institutional Changes ◽

Current Events ◽

Institutional System ◽

The Impact

Motivation: The Covid-19 pandemic is having a critical impact on economies, especially in developing countries. Such a serious external shock affects the distribution of economic rents, thus leading to potentially large institutional changes. Naturally, in the short term we are dealing with an economic crisis and a restriction of civil liberties in both autocratic and democratic countries, however, it is not known what the dynamics of institutional changes will be in the longer run. Aim: The main purpose of the article is to answer if the Covid-19 pandemic becomes a turning point that will determine the institutional system in developing countries for the next few decades. The first part of the article outlines the theory of institutional change, with particular emphasis on the role of external shocks. The next section presents studies on the socioeconomic impact of two major epidemics: The Black Death and the Great Influenza Pandemic. The third part conducts an assessment as to what extent the current pandemic may affect institutions in developing countries, by reference to the example of two countries: Tunisia and Cambodia. The analysis is conducted from the perspective of the new institutional economics. Results: If we look at the experiences from previous pandemics, current events and refer to the literature on the theory of institutional change, we can conclude that significant institutional changes caused by Covid-19 are unlikely. The process of institutional change is characterized by a specific complexity and changing dynamics. Nonetheless, it is the internal factors, reflecting the actions of people trying to maximize the benefits, which are the main cause of change in an institutional system. Therefore, the Covid-19 pandemic is more likely to strengthen the endogeneity of the process of institutional change, rather than change its course.

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The Effect of Sport Tourism Management on Support for Tourism Development

Journal of Management and Strategy ◽

10.5430/jms.v8n3p20 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ra’ed Masa’deh ◽

Mohammed Abdullah Nasseef ◽

Hamzeh Alshayeb ◽

Jawad Ojilat ◽

Malek Alshafiee

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impacts ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

Sustainable Tourism ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Social Impacts ◽

Sport Tourism ◽

Resident Attitudes ◽

Sustainable Tourism Development ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of sport tourism (by using the variables of social impacts, environmental impacts, and economic impacts) on support for tourism development. A total of 480 questionnaire containing 19 items was used to collect information from the local residents in Aqaba city. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. Results of the current study revealed that there are significant impacts of two independent variables (i.e. environmental impacts, and economic impacts) on support for tourism development; whereas the vriable of social impacts has not significant impact on it. Results of T-test showed that there is no significant difference in the impact of resident attitudes towards sustainable tourism development in favor of gender. On the other hand, results of ANOVA test found that while there is no significant difference in the impact of resident attitudes towards sustainable tourism development that can be attributed to age and educational level; a significant difference in favor of personal income was found.

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Carrageenan Biopolymer for Medical Ultrasonography using Phantom CIRS

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020212001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 12001

Author(s):

Anak Agung Aris Diartama ◽

Suryono Suryono ◽

Sugiyanto Sugiyanto ◽

Putu Irma Wulandari ◽

I Putu Eka Juliantara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rapid Development ◽

Control Group ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Acoustic Coupling ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Carbomer 940

The use of polymer as conductor in medical ultrasonography is very crucial to establish patient diagnosis and to prevent administration of improper treatment. Rapid development in science and technology encourages people to create more innovations that are readily usable. However, these innovations sometimes put health and environmental aspects aside that in turn become disadvantageous to health and may lead to environmental pollution. This research proposes the use of carrageenan biopolymer as a safe alternative for people’s health and the environment. It aims to prove differences in resulting phantom CIRS images taken with the help of carrageenan gel and standard gel based on Carbomer 940 as acoustic coupling agents (ACA) for ultrasonography (USG). It is an experimental research that uses true experiment technique with posttest only control group design. Results from T-test analysis show significance value of p>0.05, meaning there is no significant difference between the use of carrageenan gel and ACA gel (Carbomer 940). This result proves that carrageenan gel can be used as an acoustic coupling agent for ultrasonography. Results from imaging tests also reveal that there is no difference between the use of carrageenan gel and that of a manufacturer gel based on Carbomer 940 available in Indonesia, in terms of visualization of phantom CIRS images.

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A Study on Institutional, Market and Natural Environment Impact on Agrarian Sustainability in Bulgaria

Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism ◽

10.14505//jemt.v9.3(27).06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 452 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hrabrin BACHEV ◽

Dimitar TERZIEV

Keyword(s):

Natural Environment ◽

Institutional Economics ◽

Institutional Environment ◽

Critical Factor ◽

New Institutional Economics ◽

Environment Impact ◽

Specific System ◽

Specific Effects ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

The Impact

The specific system of governance is a critical factor, which to a great extent (pre)determines the type and speed of development in different countries, industries, regions, communities, etc. This article tries to fill the gap and assesses the impact of institutional environment on agrarian sustainability in Bulgaria. The interdisciplinary New Institutional Economics framework is applied and assessment made on specific effects of major components of the “external” institutional environment on agrarian sustainability level in different administrative, geographical and ecological regions, subsectors of agriculture, and farms of various juridical type and size. Our study has found out that individual elements of external institutional, market and natural environment affect quite unequally farms of different types, individual subsectors of agriculture, and specific ecological and geographical regions. This type of studies is to be expended and their precision and representation increased. The latter however, requires a close cooperation between all interested parties, and participation of the farmers, agrarian organizations, local and central authorities, interest groups, research institutes and experts, etc.

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Impact of Health Education on Mothers' Knowledge of Preventive Health Practices

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/004947559702700405 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 199-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mubina Agboatwalla ◽

Dure Samin Akram

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Intervention Study ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Preventive Health ◽

Slum Area ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Community Based ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

A prospective community-based intervention study was conducted in a slum area of Karachi, Pakistan, with the objective of evaluating the impact of health education on the knowledge of mothers. One hundred and fifty households were studied in the intervention and the same in the non-intervention group. The post intervention knowledge scores of the mothers showed a significant difference of P < 0.05. Nearly 50.7% mothers in the intervention group knew of at least four diseases against which vaccination is given as compared to the non-intervention group ( P < 0.05). Similarly, mothers in the intervention group were more aware about the advantages of breast feeding, signs of dehydration, measures for prevention of measles and tuberculosis as compared to the non-intervention group ( P < 0.05). Finally, a comparison was made between the pre- and post-intervention scores between the two groups. The score in the non-intervention group changed from 11.5 to 16.1 ( P > 0.05) as compared to the intervention group in which it changed from 10.2 to 32.2 ( P < 0.05).

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The impact of consanguinity on women's attitudes toward molecular testing of breast cancer in Saudi Arabia

Breast Cancer Management ◽

10.2217/bmt-2021-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. BMT57

Author(s):

Bandar A Suliman

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Adult Women ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Saudi Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in adult women in Saudi Arabia; however, awareness about molecular testing for breast cancer is insufficient. The authors aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes to determine sociodemographic factors that correlate with perceptions of genetic testing among Saudi women. Materials & methods: This cross-sectional community-based study used a questionnaire to investigate the relationships between various social and economic factors. Results: There was a significant difference in interest in undergoing molecular testing between women in consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages. Conclusion: The data show that consanguinity adds an extra layer of complexity to other sociodemographic barriers that hinder the efficacy of early breast cancer detection and prevention programs in Saudi Arabia.

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ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PENANGANAN TERAPI OKUPASI DI INSTALASI REHABILITASI MEDIK RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.3.2.2015.8434 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Meilany D. Wongkar ◽

Joudy Gessal ◽

Leonard S. Angliadi

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Condition ◽

Medical Rehabilitation ◽

P Value ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Patients Satisfaction ◽

Satisfaction Degree ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Abstract: Medical rehabilitation aims to lessen the impact of a disability and enhance the ability of people with disabilities, therefore, they can be involved in social interaction. One of the rehabilitation treatments is occupation therapy which helps individuals by giving suggestions and enhancing independence. Quality is a dynamic condition which fills or surpass the expectations. Quality is closely related to costumers’ satisfaction. It encourages the costumers to create a strong bond of relationship. This study aimed to obtain patients’ satisfaction degree toward the implementation of occupation therapy in the Medical Rehabilitation Installation Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a descriptive observational study. Sampleds were collected by using purposive sampling. The result of the T Test analysis showed that there was a significant difference between before and after the therapy with a p value = 0.000. Based on the result of the satisfaction degree to the variable of expectation and reality, the average obatined was 7.9. Conclusion: Patients’ expectation degree was higher than the reality of service that they received.Keywords: medical rehabilitation, occupation therapy, patients satisfaction degree.Abstrak: Rehabilitasi medik bertujuan untuk mengurangi dampak keadaan cacat dan meningkatkan kemampuan penyandang cacat sampai interaksi sosial. Salah satu pelayanan rehabilitasi ialah terapi okupasi, yang membantu individu dalam memberi anjuran dan menjamin bantuan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian. Kualitas merupakan kondisi dinamis yang memenuhi atau melebihi harapan. Kualitas memiliki hubungan yang sangat erat dengan kepuasan pelanggan, yaitu kualitas memberikan suatu dorongan kepada pelanggan untuk menjalani ikatan hubungan yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat kepuasan pasien terapi okupasi di Instalasi Rehabilitas Medik RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif observasional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis uji t menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah terapi dengan nilai p = 0,000. Berdasarkan hasil uji nilai tingkat kepuasan terhadap variabel harapan dan kenyataan menunjukkan perbedaan dengan nilai rata-rata 7,9. Simpulan: Nilai harapan pasien lebih besar dari kenyataan pelayanan yang mereka terima.Kata kunci: rehabilitasi medik, terapi okupasi, tingkat kepuasan pasien

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The impact of collaborative model assisted by Google Classroom to improve students’ creative thinking skills

International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) ◽

10.11591/ijere.v10i2.20987 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 396

Author(s):

Jumadi Jumadi ◽

Riki Perdana ◽

Muhammad Helmi Hariadi ◽

Warsono Warsono ◽

Andi Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Creative Thinking ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Thinking Skills ◽

Mixed Design ◽

Collaborative Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Impact

Indonesian students' creative thinking skill is still at a low level. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of project collaborative model assisted by Google Classroom (PjCM-GC) in improving students' creative thinking skills. This research explored the differences between students who learned through the demonstration model (DM), project collaborative model (PjCM), and project collaborative model assisted by Google Classroom (PjCM-GC). It was a quasi-experimental with pre and post-test design. The population of this research was students at Senior High School, Lombok Timur-Indonesia. Random sampling technique was employed in this study. The sample was 86 science students grade XI (15-16 ages) who studied in SMAN 1 Aikmel. The data analyzed by paired-sample t-test, comparative-descriptive analysis, and ANOVA mixed design using SPSS 24. The study showed that The PjCM-GC group had a significant difference in the level of creative thinking skills (sig .0000). The PjCM-GC was the most effective model to improve the skills with a gain score of .47 (medium). Learning with the PjCM-GC model can be an alternative for policymakers and teachers to solve the problems of creative thinking.

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The contribution of HIV point-of-care tests in early HIV diagnosis: community-based HIV testing monitoring in Catalonia, 1995 to 2018

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.43.1900424 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (43) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura Fernàndez-López ◽

Juliana Reyes-Urueña ◽

Anna Conway ◽

Jorge Saz ◽

Adriana Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Testing ◽

Screening Test ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

Community Based ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Hiv Continuum Of Care ◽

Point Of Care Tests ◽

The Impact

Background Community-based HIV testing services combined with the use of point-of-care tests (POCT) have the potential to improve early diagnosis through increasing availability, accessibility and uptake of HIV testing. Aim To describe community-based HIV testing activity in Catalonia, Spain, from 1995 to 2018, and to evaluate the impact of HIV POCT on the HIV continuum of care. Methods A community-based network of voluntary counselling and testing services in Catalonia, Spain has been collecting systematic data on activity, process and results since 1995. A descriptive analysis was performed on pooled data, describing the data in terms of people tested and reactive screening test results. Results Between 1995 and 2018, 125,876 HIV tests were performed (2.1% reactive). Since the introduction of HIV POCT in 2007, a large increase in the number of tests performed was observed, reaching 14,537 tests alone in 2018 (1.3% reactive). Men who have sex with men (MSM), as a proportion of all people tested, has increased greatly over time reaching 74.7% in 2018. The highest percentage of reactive tests was found in people who inject drugs followed by MSM. The contribution of community-based HIV testing to the overall total notified cases in the Catalonia HIV registry has gradually increased, reaching 37.9% in 2018, and 70% of all MSM cases. In 2018, the percentage of individuals with a reactive screening test who were linked to care was 89.0%. Conclusion Our study reinforces the important role that community-based HIV POCT has on the diagnosis of HIV in key populations.

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