scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Fungicide Comissar Against Rice Pyricularia

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022135
Author(s):  
S Bezmutko ◽  
T Vyborova ◽  
V Lelyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Reliable Increase

Abstract The results of research on the effectiveness of the fungicide Comissar are presented, EC (active agents propiconazole, 300 g/l and tebuconazole, 200 g/l) against rice Pyricularia, in the conditions of laboratory and vegetation experiments. The experiment was conducted in 2016-2017 in the Primorsky Territory. The fungicide was used at the consumption rate of 0.3 l/ha and 0.4 l/ha one time. In the primary laboratory tests on pure culture Pyricularia oryzae a high inhibitory activity of the drug against the coastal population of rice Pyricularia was revealed. It is noticed that Comissar significantly inhibits the growth of fungal colonies in all tested concentrations. Treatment of the nutriculture medium with solutions of the drug provides a significant preventive effect on the development of P. oryzae compared to an untreated control. The effectiveness of the drug was 100% on the 7th day and 89.3-90.4% on the 14th day. It was found that the use of the drug as a fungicide for the treatment of vegetative rice plants significantly reduces the development of Pyricularia. Comissar has a high biological efficacy against the pathogen at 47.4% (0.3 l/ha) and 62.7% (0.4 l/ha). The use of the fungicide contributed to the active growth of plants and it increased the main productivity indicators: the length of the panicle by 2.08-32.17 cm, the number of filled grains by 3.0-4.5 pcs. and their mass by 0.21-0.24 g per plant, as well as the mass of 1000 grains by 4.91-5.51 g. The maximum reliable increase in grain yield by 3.77 g/vessel was obtained in the variant using a fungicide at the minimum consumption rate.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

scholarly journals Competition Effects and Productivity in Oat–Forage Legume Relay Intercropping Systems under Organic Farming Conditions

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Viktorija Gecaitė ◽  
Aušra Arlauskienė ◽  
Jurgita Cesevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Productivity Indicators

Cereal-legume intercropping is important in many low-input agricultural systems. Interactions between combinations of different plant species vary widely. Field experiments were conducted to determine yield formation regularities and plant competition effects of oat (Avena sativa L.)–black medick (Medicago lupulina L.), oat–white clover (Trifolium repens L.), and oat–Egyptian clover (T. alexandrinum L.) under organic farming conditions. Oats and forage legumes were grown in mono- and intercrops. Aboveground dry matter (DM) measured at flowering, development of fruit and ripened grain, productivity indicators, oat grain yield and nutrient content were established. The results showed that oats dominated in the intercropping systems. Oat competitive performance (CPo), which is characterized by forage legumes aboveground mass reduction compared to monocrops, were 91.4–98.9. As the oats ripened, its competitiveness tendency to declined. In oat–forage legume intercropping systems, the mass of weeds was significantly lower compared to the legume monocrops. Oats and forage legumes competed for P, but N and K accumulation in biomass was not significantly affected. We concluded that, in relay intercrop, under favourable conditions, the forage legumes easily adapted to the growth rhythm and intensity of oats and does not adverse effect on their grain yield.

LABORATORY TESTS OF DISINFECTANT «MONOCHLORIDE (IODINE CHLORIDE) 2%»

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
N. I. Popov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Suvorov ◽  
S. M. Lobanov ◽  
S. A. Michko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Laboratory Work ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Iodine Chloride ◽  
Test Objects ◽  
Test Cultures

The article describes the results of laboratory tests of the effectiveness of the disinfectant Monochloride (Iodine chloride) 2%. Laboratory studies were carried out on test objects and test surfaces contaminated with test cultures of microorganisms, which included museum cultures of E. coli (E. coli 1257), S. aureus 209-P, mycobacteria (pcs. B5), and spores (B. cereus pieces. 96). Disinfection of test objects was carried out by the method of irrigation at a consumption rate of 0,25...0,3 l/ m2 with disinfection of smooth surfaces and 0,5 l/m2, with disinfection of rough surfaces. The treatment was performed twice with an interval of 60 minutes. Our work established that the Monochloride (Iodine chloride) 2% has a high disinfectant activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, mycobacteria and spores. On the basis of the laboratory work, this tool can be recommended for production tests at veterinary surveillance facilities.

Performance of various pesticides against Yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) of Basmati rice and effect on yield in Northern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushant Kumar ◽  
Hem Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Abstract The present investigation was based on the management of Yellow stem borer which is a major pest of Basmati rice crop in India. All the treatments were applied to control this pest when it reached on its ETL level. The data recorded one day before of first spray and 3, 7, 10 days after of each spray. The observation revealed that all the treatments were found significantly superior over untreated control. Among the all treatments Fipronil 5 SC was found most effective followed by Imidacloprid 17.8 SC, Cartap hydrochlorid 4 G. Among the bio-pesticides B. bassiana was most effective after the chemical pesticides followed by M. anisopliae and V. lacani. The field treated with fipronil 5 SC produced the highest grain yield (38.35 q/ha) and Imidacloprid 17.8 SC was placed on second place with 37.26 q/ha grain yield followed by Thiamethoxam 25 WG (36.05q/ha) and Cartap hydrochloride 4G (33.87 q/ha).

scholarly journals Impact of anthracnose on the yield of soybean subjected to chemical control in the north region of Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moab Diany Dias ◽  
Valdeci Fernandes Pinheiro ◽  
Adalberto Corrêa Café-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Colletotrichum Truncatum ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The North ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Soybean Anthracnose ◽  
Application Volume

ABSTRACT Losses due to soybean anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum truncatum, have not been systematically quantified in the field, and the efficacy of chemical control of this disease is not known. This study shows an estimate of losses associated with the disease in soybean crops in the north of the country. Two trials with cv. M9144 RR were carried out in commercial fields in Tocantins State in the 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 growing seasons, in randomized blocks, with four replicates. Foliar applications were performed on plants at R1/R2 and R5.2 stages, employing CO2-pressurized equipment and application volume of 200 L ha-1. Nine fungicides and one untreated control were compared, and the disease gradients in the two seasons were obtained. The percentage of infected pods was calculated at the R6 stage. Grain yield ranged from 3,288 to 3,708 kg/ha in the untreated plots in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, respectively, and from 3,282 to 4,110 kg/ha in the treated plots. In the 2010/2011 season, only azoxystrobin + cyproconazole significantly reduced the disease incidence, compared to untreated control plots, not differing from the remaining treatments. In the 2011/2012 season, there were no significant differences between treated and untreated plots. Highly significant correlations (p < 0.01) were found between yield and soybean anthracnose incidence on pods in both years (r = -0.85). For each 1% increment in the disease incidence, c. 90 kg/ha of soybean grain were lost. The current study determined that significant losses due to anthracnose occur in commercial crops in the north of the country and highlighted the limitation of chemical control as anthracnose management method.

scholarly journals Prebloom Treatments to Alleviate Cold Injury in Apple

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 807E-807
Author(s):  
E.W. Stover ◽  
T.E. Paine ◽  
W.C. Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Winter Temperatures

Damage to xylem subtending apple buds is often observed following very low winter temperatures. Reports suggest that prebloom application of boron, zinc, and urea facilitate recovery. Prebloom nutrient treatments were applied to `McIntosh' and `Empire' at three sites in Spring 1994. The following treatments were applied to drip at half-inch green: boron (22.8 mM, solubor); Zn-EDTA (0.75 mM); boron and Zn-EDTA; boron, Zn-EDTA, and urea (59.4 mM). Another treatment used boron and Zn-EDTA at half-inch green, followed by boron, Zn-EDTA, and urea at pink. Spur leaf area, fruit set, fruit size, and seed number were determined. There were no clear treatment effects at the warmest site (mid-winter low –32C); however, this orchard was more variable than other treatment sites. The intermediate site (mid-winter low –37C) had a strong trend of increasing fruit set in `Empire' and `McIntosh' as more nutrients were applied. The combined half-inch green and pink treatment significantly increased fruit set by 23.8% compared to the untreated control. At the coldest site (mid-winter low –42C), `Empire' again displayed a strong trend of increasing fruit set with additional nutrients. All treatments combining boron and zinc significantly increased fruit set. The combined half-inch green and pink treatment increased fruit set by 43%. At this site `McIntosh' did not respond to treatment. However, `McIntosh' trees had continued active growth into late Fall 1993 and sustained severe cold injury in November. Data suggest that, when they were effective, nutrient treatments resulted in increased retention of flower buds on damaged spurs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different chemical fungicides against rice blast in field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Rachana Moktan ◽  
Anjeela Aryal ◽  
Sagar Karki ◽  
Ashbin Kumar Devkota ◽  
Basistha Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Technical College ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Weekly Interval ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Chemical Fungicides

Evaluation of different fungicides against rice blast was carried out in research plot of the Agronomy farm of IAAS, Prithu Technical College, Lamahi Municpality, Dang district of the Lumbini Province, inner terai region of Nepal during June to November, 2017. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the efficiency of different chemical fungicides against rice blast. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with the use of susceptible variety ‘Mansuli’. Different fungicides like Hexaconazole 5% SC (Udaan), Propiconazole 25% EC (Tilt), Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP, Validamycin 3% L, Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) and Biomycin (Kasugamycin 3% S.L.) were applied five times at weekly interval with the doses of 2mL/L of H2O, 1.5mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O, 2mL/L of H2O, 2g/L of H2O and 2mL/L of H2O respectively. From the result, it was concluded that all the fungicides were effective in controlling leaf blast but Tricyclazole 75% WP (TRIP) was more effective among other fungicides and untreated control plots with least leaf blast severity (27.85%), least incidence (35.5%), least mean AUDPC (64.64%) and highest grain yield (3.93 t ha-1) followed by Biomycin. It is thus concluded that fungicide Tricyclazole 75% WP should be sprayed five times at weekly interval for the management of leaf blast in rice.

scholarly journals Efficacy of some insecticides and biopesticides for the management of white stem borer, Scirpophaga fusciflua Hampson in paddy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Tandon ◽  
Ajai BSrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Efficacy Data

The field experiment was conducted on paddy at farmer’s field in the Kangra district, to find out the effectiveness and economically viable control measures for the management of white stem borer. Application of various insecticides viz. flubendiamide 48% SC @ 50 ml ha-1, rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 150 ml ha-1, dinotefuran 20 SG @ 200 g ha-1 , monocrotophos 36 SL @ 850 ml ha-1 and two biopesticides viz. melia 5% @ 2.5 L ha-1and eupatorium 5% @ 2.5 L ha-1, were tested along with untreated control. All the insecticidal treatments were found significantly superior to untreated control. Flubendiamide 48% SC @ 50 ml ha-1 and rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 150 ml ha-1 were found most promising with minimum dead heart and white ears. The data on dead heart, white ear incidence and grain yield showed that all the insecticides were found to have effective control against stem borer on paddy. Considering the efficacy data with very low dose of flubendiamide 48% SC proved to be better and economically viable option for management of stem borer.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Actinomycete Isolates Collected from Soils of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Indicator Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

This study was performed to isolate actinomycete colonies having antibacterial activity from soil samples collected from different places around Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Thirty actinomycete colonies were isolated in pure culture from five soil samples using Starch-casein-nitrate-agar medium. The isolates were grouped in five color series based on their aerial mycelia color and screened for their antibacterial activity against a range of test bacteria. Sixteen isolates (53.3%) were found to have moderate to high activity against four gram-positive and four gram-negative bacteria. Since many isolates showed inhibitory activity against indicator bacteria, it is suggestive that Bangladeshi soil could be an interesting source to explore for antibacterial secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Control of causative agents of fusarium head blight of winter wheat in applying modern fungicides

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
T. Tymoshchuk ◽  
◽  
H. Kotelnytska ◽  
O. Gurmanchuk ◽  
I. Serba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
Control Water

The mass development of fungal diseases of grain crops leads to a decrease in grain yielding capacity and deterioration of its quality. Crops are particularly threatened by pathogenic agents, including the causative agents of Fusarium head blight, which can contaminate crop supplies with mycotoxins and have a negative impact on human health. The treatment of winter wheat crops with fungicides is considered to be one of the main measures to limit the development of fusariosis. Our research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of modern fungicides applied to control the development of pathogens of Fusarium head blight in the agrophytocenosis of winter wheat. Such species as F. graminearum (68.0 %), F. oxysporum (17.0 %) and F. culmorum (7.0 %) were found to be the most common species of winter wheat mycobiota. The application of fungicides in the phase of BBCH 59–61 of winter wheat promotes to the decrease in the development of Fusarium head blight pathogens by 14.4–18.0 %. The technical efficiency of modern fungicides used for the protection of winter wheat from Fusarium head blight is 70–88 %. A considerable conservation of the grain yield – 0.29–0.55 t/ha compared to the control (water treatment) resulted from the treatment of winter wheat crops with modern fungicides with different chemical composition. The treatment of crops with fungicides Suprim, EW (tebuconazole, 133 g/l + prochloraz, 267 g/l) and Reks Duo, SC (epoxiconazole, 187 g/l + thiophanate-methyl, 310, g/l) ensures the yield preservation up to 0.37– 0.41 t/ha. The highest grain yield (8.19 t/ha) was obtained while treating winter wheat crops with the fungicide Osiris Star, EC (epoxiconazole, 56.25 g + metconazole, 41.25 g/l) with a consumption rate of 1.5 l/ha. Comparing to the treatment of crops with water, the yield preserved is 7.2 %. Further research should be focused on studying the species composition of the microbiota of winter wheat seeds depending on the fungicides applied in the phase of BBCH 59-61.

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