Physical Education, Sports, and Gender

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beccy Watson ◽  
Jayne Caudwell ◽  
Belinda Wheaton ◽  
Louise Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Informal Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global North ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Boundaries

Researching gender across physical education (PE), sport, and physical activity (PA) has firm associations with feminism. As a political movement for gender justice, feminist research examines the ways in which active bodies are dynamic and evolving. This feminist scrutiny is underpinned by scholarship that explores both formal educational and sporting contexts as well as informal activities. The term sport incorporates a range of physical practices, and a review of extant literature demonstrates the persistence of gendered power relations and the consequences this has for PE, sport, and PA. While the disengagement of girls in formal PE has been recognized as a longstanding and ongoing challenge, PE remains narrowly conceived and defined, often with negative consequences for the young people involved. Attempts to be inclusive in research practice expose a persistent dominance of the Global North in knowledge production in sport, PE, and PA scholarship and highlight prevailing discourses that impact negatively on engaging with complex issues in different contexts. Empirical research studies inform praxis whereby feminist researchers analyze barriers to participation across a wide range of contexts that are not limited to young people and that extend to policy matters far beyond PE, such as public health and numerous sites of negotiation for access at community level and to a vast array of informal activity. Key themes for researching active bodies include space and alternative contexts, shifting gender boundaries and disrupting binaries, intersections and difference, exclusion and inequalities, healthism and wellbeing agendas.

Bezgrebelna O. Healthy lifestyle in the realities of the educational process of physical education of students during the quarantine

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
A. Andres ◽  
R. Pavlo ◽  
O. Korol ◽  
O.P. Bezgrebelnaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Culture Development

The question of a healthy way of life of students in the conditions of quarantine restrictions is considered. The urgency of scientific research is caused by the sharp deterioration of the physical and mental condition of students due to the introduction of quarantine in the country caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and in higher education institutions of distance learning. A necessary main prerequisite for maintaining health in quarantine is a healthy lifestyle, as a system of conditions that contribute to the strengthening and preservation of health. The purpose of the work is to identify areas for ensuring a healthy lifestyle of students during quarantine in the educational process of physical education. Research methods: theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison, generalization of literature data. According to the results of scientific research, the important and unique importance of physical education in the process of ensuring a healthy lifestyle of students has been proved. The directions of ensuring a healthy lifestyle of students during quarantine in the educational process of physical education are systematized: formation of students 'stable motivations for a healthy lifestyle application of all possible technologies in classroom and extracurricular physical education classes to educate students' needs and ability to maintain and improve their health. I; to provide students with a wide range of knowledge, on the basis of which the worldview of a healthy lifestyle should be formed; acquaintance of students with alternative methods of usual physical activity, for counteraction to negative consequences of quarantine and social isolation; development of programs and technological models of forming a healthy lifestyle by means of physical culture; development of methodical recommendations on physical education on the basis of innovative methods adapted for use at home during quarantine, in the situation of impossibility to use sports halls of educational institutions, sports clubs and playgrounds. The practical implementation of the findings is aimed at radical changes that will affect the development of physical education to ensure the health of students.

scholarly journals Support for the development of physical education in higher education institutions is the responsibility of the state to the future of the country

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Oksana Chychenova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Complex Biological System ◽  
Responsible Attitude ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Individual

The paper considers the problem of today is a bad attitude to physical education in higher education. The health of every citizen is the main slogan of the country's policy. The human body is the only complex biological system that constantly interacts with environmental conditions. Health is a state of physical, moral, psycho- emotional, social, intellectual and harmonious development. Health is a reserve of organ capacity that needs to be improved during regular exercise training and a healthy lifestyle. Physical culture and sports are part of the general culture. As a safeguard, it helps to get rid of the negative aspects of life that hinder the development of the individual in a harmonious relationship with society. The level of physical activity of the country's population, by age, is below the minimum allowable. Hypodynamia is one of the leading causes of death and disability. The strategy for the development of physical culture, recommendation for the development of physical education and sports among students are state documents. They are developed with the participation of the specialists and sent for implementation to institutions. The help to direct forces to a new positive, responsible attitude ti physical training, physical working capacity of our future experts, heads, citizens of the country. The statistics provided in the documents finally prove that the crisis has reached significant proportions and may lead to negative consequences for Ukrainians and their future. Many factors and conditions can change the attitude of young people to physical culture and sports to a positive vision. The main thing is for young people to know that all the measures aimed at them have been implemented.

scholarly journals The authority of fashion: The impact of brand credibility and gender blurring on attitudes towards gendered fashion advertisements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Daniel Brownie
Keyword(s):  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Brand Credibility ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Boundaries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Credibility

<p>Gender identity is increasingly accepted as a continuum. Consumers feel that they are no longer constrained by the norms of gendered consumptions, so they are expressing themselves and their identities through new purchase behaviours. Gender blurring refers to the crossing of gender boundaries, when masculine and feminine traits are swapped. This has been seen in the fashion industry, where brands are featuring male models in womenswear and vice versa.  Despite the increasing usage of gender blurring in fashion campaigns, there is little empirical evidence as to how consumers respond to it. This study attempted to fill this gap in knowledge, investigating how brands that can utilise gender blurring in their advertising without eliciting negative consequences. Brand credibility influences the persuasiveness of advertising, and it is evident within luxury fashion brands and their ability to set fashion trends. In this study, a 3x2x2 between-subjects experimental design was used. Subjects were exposed to a fashion advertisement, featuring either a high- or low-credibility brand (Louis Vuitton or the Warehouse), with a male model wearing stereotyped, androgynous, or gender blurred clothing. The clothing was framed in either a work or casual context. As the purpose of the study was to assess responses irrespective of gender or social class, the sample was made up of adult consumers from New Zealand randomly assigned to experimental conditions.  The findings indicate that overall consumers respond more negatively to gender blurring in fashion advertising, and more positively to advertising from a high-credibility brand. Interestingly, no main effect of context was found. The analysis suggests that brand credibility moderates the effect of gender blurring, as consumers exposed to gender blurring by the Louis Vuitton advertisements reported more positive attitudes than those in the Warehouse conditions. This normalising effect contributes to our understanding of cultural authority and the movement of meaning. High credibility brands have an authority over consumer culture, and thus can facilitate the movement of fringe issues, like gender blurring, into the mainstream, fostering wider acceptance. Managerially, marketers should be aware of the potential negative impacts of utilising gender blurring, and understand that brand credibility is an important factor.</p>

scholarly journals The authority of fashion: The impact of brand credibility and gender blurring on attitudes towards gendered fashion advertisements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Daniel Brownie
Keyword(s):  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Brand Credibility ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Boundaries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Credibility

<p>Gender identity is increasingly accepted as a continuum. Consumers feel that they are no longer constrained by the norms of gendered consumptions, so they are expressing themselves and their identities through new purchase behaviours. Gender blurring refers to the crossing of gender boundaries, when masculine and feminine traits are swapped. This has been seen in the fashion industry, where brands are featuring male models in womenswear and vice versa.  Despite the increasing usage of gender blurring in fashion campaigns, there is little empirical evidence as to how consumers respond to it. This study attempted to fill this gap in knowledge, investigating how brands that can utilise gender blurring in their advertising without eliciting negative consequences. Brand credibility influences the persuasiveness of advertising, and it is evident within luxury fashion brands and their ability to set fashion trends. In this study, a 3x2x2 between-subjects experimental design was used. Subjects were exposed to a fashion advertisement, featuring either a high- or low-credibility brand (Louis Vuitton or the Warehouse), with a male model wearing stereotyped, androgynous, or gender blurred clothing. The clothing was framed in either a work or casual context. As the purpose of the study was to assess responses irrespective of gender or social class, the sample was made up of adult consumers from New Zealand randomly assigned to experimental conditions.  The findings indicate that overall consumers respond more negatively to gender blurring in fashion advertising, and more positively to advertising from a high-credibility brand. Interestingly, no main effect of context was found. The analysis suggests that brand credibility moderates the effect of gender blurring, as consumers exposed to gender blurring by the Louis Vuitton advertisements reported more positive attitudes than those in the Warehouse conditions. This normalising effect contributes to our understanding of cultural authority and the movement of meaning. High credibility brands have an authority over consumer culture, and thus can facilitate the movement of fringe issues, like gender blurring, into the mainstream, fostering wider acceptance. Managerially, marketers should be aware of the potential negative impacts of utilising gender blurring, and understand that brand credibility is an important factor.</p>

Classroom Consequences

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Ilana Redstone
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
College Education ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Classroom Experience ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender

Knowledge production happens mainly through research, but a primary mechanism for knowledge dissemination to students occurs in the classroom. The classroom experience plays a central role in one of the key goals of a college education: to teach students how to engage thoughtfully and creatively with complex, nuanced topics. In the current climate, the learning experience for students, particularly in courses that address potentially controversial topics such as race and gender, is constrained. An instructor’s belief that there is open conversation admitting a wide range of perspectives in the classroom does not mean that is occurring. To the contrary, it is possible to have a robust debate within the confines of the three core beliefs we have articulated and to as a result think that the discussion has been truly open, while in reality it may only have been open within a very limited aperture.

scholarly journals Associations between Self-Esteem, Psychological Stress, and the Risk of Exercise Dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5577
Author(s):  
Frida Austmo Wågan ◽  
Monica Dahle Darvik ◽  
Arve Vorland Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vulnerability Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Body Concerns

Body concerns and stress-related disorders are increasing in the younger population in a wide range of nations. Studies find links between both self-worth, exercise dependence, and self-esteem in relation to stress, but few have considered all three variables in relation to one another. The present study explored whether the co-appearance of high levels of psychological distress, and low levels of self-esteem may be a vulnerability factor for developing exercise dependence by studying the links between self-esteem, psychological stress, and exercise dependence. A standardized cross-sectional questionnaire was completed by 203 regular exercisers attending two gyms (mean age: 35.9 years). The variables self-esteem, psychological distress, and exercise dependence were all significantly correlated with each other, even after weekly exercise amount, age, and gender had been accounted for. Those who exercised for more than 9 h per week had a significantly higher score on stress and exercise dependence symptoms, and a lower score on self-esteem compared with the remaining groups. One could hypothesize that low self-esteem is a vulnerability factor and high psychological stress a maintenance factor for an exercise-dependent person. It is argued that more focus should be directed toward the negative consequences of excessive exercise.

scholarly journals Decolonizing Trans/Gender Studies?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Alyosxa Tudor
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Student Movements ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Global North ◽  
And Gender

Abstract In this article, the author argues that a decolonial perspective on gender means conceptualizing it as always already trans. The object of investigation is gender as a category and gender studies as a field of knowledge. To discuss what decolonizing trans/gender studies in Europe could mean, the author aims to bring different strands together that have been held apart so far: resistance against global attacks on gender studies, resistance against transphobic feminism, and the “decolonising the curriculum” movement in the United Kingdom. A critical focus on Eurocentric knowledge and truth claims means to define Europe as a complex set of geopolitical, historical, and epistemological processes and not just as a neutral location. At British universities, a mostly student-led movement has started to emerge that fights for decolonizing higher education. This movement is inspired by transnational student movements like Rhodes/Fees Must Fall in South Africa and calls for challenging racist, colonialist, nationalist, and neoliberal paradigms in knowledge production by addressing both issues of epistemology and access to higher education. Applying central political claims of the “decolonising the curriculum” movement, the author explores potentials and challenges of the task of decolonizing trans/gender studies in Europe and the global North. The author's intervention opens up a discussion on how to conceptualize knowledge on transgender with a central focus on decolonial and transnational perspectives.

scholarly journals Intervention on Coeducation through Physical Education. Reality or intention?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Isabel Cabrita Condessa
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Male Stereotypes ◽  
Alternative Behaviors ◽  
And Gender

Conscious and organized intervention, in order to achieve promotion of equal opportunities in school has been, in recent decades, a major goal of physical education (PE) in Europe. Through routines and opportunities that provide both boys and girls access to physical activity and sports (PAS) which enables them to improve skills, competencies and attitudes.  We believe that the contribution of PE in education is of significant value, as it enables children and young people to build their body image and gender stereotypes, develop affections and emotions, cultivate their relationship with others, build capacity and values, thus helping the training of individual or collective attitudes that respect gender equality and human rights.This study was conducted from the information collected through the application of a questionnaire to a population of 993 children, 57.5% girls and 42.5% boys, aged between 10 and 12 years, belonging to various schools. It aspires to compare the perceptions and preferences of boys and girls in respect of PAS practices that take place in PE, and to present alternative behaviors that are more flexible and inclusive.From our results we conclude that the PAS in school remains very marked by practical training of movement techniques, games and sport competitions. These experiences, mainly identified with male stereotypes, do not always help, for many young people, the formation of a good body image and good behaviors that should be maintained throughout life.We suggest that the activities offered to children and young people in schools should be more diverse and inclusive, imposing an appropriate level of performance and satisfaction to each case in particular.The activities should also be more focused either on outdoor practices or in practices that develop the sensory, expressive and body dimensions of students.

scholarly journals The relationship between the level of resilience and coping strategies of young people living in the Republic of Tyva

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Syrga M. Mombey-ool
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Difficult Situations

This article deals with the problem of the relationship of resilience with the coping behaviour of young people. It justifies the idea that the adaptability and maladaptivity of coping strategies is related to the viability of the individual. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the coping repertoire of girls and young men with different levels of resilience. The interrelation of types of response to difficulties with the level of resilience is proved. The author comes to the conclusion that resilience involves a wide range of types of response, greater flexibility and ability to adapt behaviour to different situations. The article summarises some of the results of studying adaptive, non-adaptive andrelatively adaptive strategies depending on the level of viability and gender of the subjects. The specificity of communication between different types of coping strategies caused by difficult situations and the level of resilience in men and women from 18 to 35 years of age is discussed.

DSM-5 alcohol use disorder features among treatment-seeking older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Behrendt ◽  
Barbara Braun ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gerhard Bühringer ◽  
Michael Bogenschutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
International Multicenter

Abstract. Background: The number of older adults with alcohol use disorder (AUD) is expected to rise. Adapted treatments for this group are lacking and information on AUD features in treatment seeking older adults is scarce. The international multicenter randomized-controlled clinical trial “ELDERLY-Study” with few exclusion criteria was conducted to investigate two outpatient AUD-treatments for adults aged 60+ with DSM-5 AUD. Aims: To add to 1) basic methodological information on the ELDERLY-Study by providing information on AUD features in ELDERLY-participants taking into account country and gender, and 2) knowledge on AUD features in older adults seeking outpatient treatment. Methods: baseline data from the German and Danish ELDERLY-sites (n=544) were used. AUD diagnoses were obtained with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, alcohol use information with Form 90. Results: Lost control, desired control, mental/physical problem, and craving were the most prevalent (> 70 %) AUD-symptoms. 54.9 % reported severe DSM-5 AUD (moderate: 28.2 %, mild: 16.9 %). Mean daily alcohol use was 6.3 drinks at 12 grams ethanol each. 93.9 % reported binging. More intense alcohol use was associated with greater AUD-severity and male gender. Country effects showed for alcohol use and AUD-severity. Conclusion: European ELDERLY-participants presented typical dependence symptoms, a wide range of severity, and intense alcohol use. This may underline the clinical significance of AUD in treatment-seeking seniors.

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