scholarly journals The Impact of Time-Restricted Feeding on Exercise-Induced Immune Parameters in C57BL/6 Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1541-1541
Author(s):  
Marie van der Merwe ◽  
Martina Faietti ◽  
Richard Bloomer ◽  
Melissa Puppa ◽  
Aaron Persinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Food intake and exercise are considered modulators of the immune system. Specifically, intermittent fasting protocols have been demonstrated to reduce inflammation and alter cytokine responses. The objective of the current study was to determine if a form of intermittent fasting known as time-restricted feeding (TRF) would alter immune parameters in response to exercise. Methods 8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into three groups based on feeding schedule; group one had access to food ad libitum (Control) and groups two and three had access to food in a time restricted manner. Access was allowed for six hours per day either immediately after running (TRF-imm) or six hours after running (TRF-del). Mice ran on a treadmill for 1 hour, 5 days per week for eight weeks. Diet consisted of 21% protein, 16% fat and 64% carbohydrate. Weight, glucose and ketone levels, and immune populations were analyzed. Systemic IL-6 and TNF-α levels were measured before and after running. In a subpopulation, cytokine response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was also monitored. Results All mice gained weight during the eight-week intervention, but TRF-imm gained significantly less weight than Control (P = 0.02). No differences were detected in glucose levels. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was significantly higher at week eight in TRF groups (P ≤ 0.03) but running induced BHB in all groups to approximately 1 mM. Running reduced the blood lymphocytes levels (P < 0.05), with a concomitant increase of granulocytes (P < 0.05) in all groups. There was a small increase in monocytes only in the Control group (P = 0.017). No differences were detected in splenic immune populations, including CD4 and CD8 T cells, and CD11b + cells. Both IL-6 and TNF-α levels were low in all groups before exercise; however, post exercise IL-6 was increased, but not to the same extend in all groups. The IL-6 response was blunted in the TRF groups. The reduced levels of IL-6 was not due to loss of immune function, as both IL-6 and TNF-α were readily induced by exposure of mice to LPS. Conclusions Time-restricted feeding protocols did not induce differences in immune cell composition in blood or spleen but resulted in attenuated exercise-induced IL-6 levels. Funding Sources University of Memphis, School of Health Studies.

scholarly journals Impact of formate supplementation on body weight and plasma amino acids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Dhayade ◽  
Matthias Pietzke ◽  
Robert Wiesheu ◽  
Jacqueline Tait-Mulder ◽  
Dimitris Athineos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Sodium Formate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCurrent nutritional recommendations are focused on energy, fat, carbohydrate, protein and vitamins. Less attention has been paid to the nutritional demand of one-carbon units for nucleotide and methionine synthesis. Here we investigate the impact of sodium formate supplementation as a nutritional intervention to increase the dietary intake of one-carbon units. A cohort of six female and six male mice received 125 mM sodium formate in the drinking water for three months. A control group of another six female and six male mice was also followed up for the same period of time. Tail vein blood samples were collected once a month and profiled with a haematology Analyser. At the end of the study blood and tissues were collected for metabolomics analysis and immune cell sorting. Formate supplementation has no significant physiological effect on male mice. Formate supplementation has no significant effect on the immune cell counts during the intervention or at the end of the study in either gender. In female mice however, the body weight and spleen wet-weight were significantly increased by formate supplementation, while the blood plasma levels of amino acids were decreased. Formate supplementation also increased the frequency of probiotic bacteria in the stools of female mice. We conclude that formate supplementation induces physiological changes in female mice.

scholarly journals Impact of Formate Supplementation on Body Weight and Plasma Amino Acids

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2181
Author(s):  
Sandeep Dhayade ◽  
Matthias Pietzke ◽  
Robert Wiesheu ◽  
Jacqueline Tait-Mulder ◽  
Dimitris Athineos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Sodium Formate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Impact

Current nutritional recommendations are focused on energy, fat, carbohydrate, protein and vitamins. Less attention has been paid to the nutritional demand of one-carbon units for nucleotide and methionine synthesis. Here, we investigated the impact of sodium formate supplementation as a nutritional intervention to increase the dietary intake of one-carbon units. A cohort of six female and six male mice received 125 mM of sodium formate in the drinking water for three months. A control group of another six female and six male mice was also followed up for the same period of time. Tail vein blood samples were collected once a month and profiled with a haematology analyser. At the end of the study, blood and tissues were collected for metabolomics analysis and immune cell profiling. Formate supplementation had no significant physiological effect on male mice, except for a small decrease in body weight. Formate supplementation had no significant effect on the immune cell counts during the intervention or at the end of the study in either gender. In female mice, however, the body weight and spleen wet weight were significantly increased by formate supplementation, while the blood plasma levels of amino acids were decreased. Formate supplementation also increased the frequency of bifidobacteria, a probiotic bacterium, in the stools of female mice. We conclude that formate supplementation induces physiological changes in a gender-specific manner.

scholarly journals Hormone therapy attenuates exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage in postmenopausal women

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Dieli-Conwright ◽  
Tanya M. Spektor ◽  
Judd C. Rice ◽  
E. Todd Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Damage ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced

Hormone therapy (HT) is a potential treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause and prevent the onset of disease such as osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. We evaluated changes in markers of exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage and inflammation [serum creatine kinase (CK), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and skeletal muscle mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α] in postmenopausal women after a high-intensity resistance exercise bout. Fourteen postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: women not using HT (control; n = 6, 59 ± 4 yr, 63 ± 17 kg) and women using traditional HT (HT; n = 8, 59 ± 4 yr, 89 ± 24 kg). Both groups performed 10 sets of 10 maximal eccentric repetitions of single-leg extension on the Cybex dynamometer at 60°/s with 20-s rest periods between sets. Muscle biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained from the exercised leg at baseline and 4 h after the exercise bout. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR for IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α. Blood draws were performed at baseline and 3 days after exercise to measure CK and LDH. Independent t-tests were performed to test group differences (control vs. HT). A probability level of P ≤ 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. We observed significantly greater changes in mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-α ( P ≤ 0.01) in the control group compared with the HT group after the exercise bout. CK and LDH levels were significantly greater after exercise ( P ≤ 0.01) in the control group. Postmenopausal women not using HT experienced greater muscle damage after maximal eccentric exercise, indicating a possible protective effect of HT against exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage.

scholarly journals Butterbur (Petasites hybridus) Extract Ameliorates Hepatic Damage Induced by Ovalbumin in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rana M. Alhusayan ◽  
Badr Abdullah Aldahmash ◽  
Doaa M. El-Nagar ◽  
Ahmad Rady ◽  
Khalid Elfakki Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vital Organ ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Daily Oral Administration ◽  
Liver Tissues

The liver is the most vital organ that could be influenced by inducers of hypersensitivity such as ovalbumin. The current study was carried out to explore the effects of butterbur (Petasites hybridus) extract on the ovalbumin-induced liver hypersensitivity in Swiss albino male mice. Animals were divided into 4 groups, 1st group served as a control group, 2nd group treated with daily oral administration of 75 mg/kg of butterbur extract, 3rd group received single oral dose 100 mg/kg of ovalbumin to induce hypersensitivity, and 4th group treated with oral administration of butterbur extract one-day post to the hypersensitivity induction. Ovalbumin induces a significant increase in the activity of liver enzymes and MDA and decreased the activity of CAT after the ovalbumin treatment. Histopathological investigations revealed marked pathological alterations in liver tissues in the form of hyaline degeneration and fibrosis. Additionally, heavy immune response indicated by immunostaining of MDA and TNF-α could be observed. In contrast, posttreatment with butterbur extract after hypersensitivity induction resulted in a significant decrease of liver enzymes and oxidative stress and reduced the inflammation and fibrosis of liver tissues. These results suggest that butterbur extract is considered as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapeutic herb for hypersensitivity treatment of liver.

scholarly journals Immunonutrition Changes Inflammatory Response in Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1444
Author(s):  
Mateusz Wierdak ◽  
Marcin Surmiak ◽  
Katarzyna Milian-Ciesielska ◽  
Mateusz Rubinkiewicz ◽  
Anna Rzepa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Immune Group ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Surgery is the first choice of treatment for colorectal cancer. Nutritional support in the form of oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) in the preoperative period is widely accepted for reducing the incidence of perioperative complications, and immunonutrition is generally recommended. However, there is little clinical data regarding the impact of such treatment on tumor biology. Material and Methods: In this study, tumor tissue and blood samples were collected from 26 patients during preoperative colonoscopy at the time of clinical diagnosis (sample A). Group 1 received standard ONSs (3× Nutricia Nutridrink Protein per day) for 2 weeks before surgery. In group 2, immune ONSs (2× Nestle Impact Oral) were administered for the same duration. Tumor tissue (sample B) was then retrieved from the tumor after resection. Changes in the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, interleukin 8 or chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL8), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1a), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6 (CXCL6), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and CXCL1) were assessed during the perioperative course. Results: TNF-α expression differed after intervention between the two groups (immune group 31.63 ± 13.28; control group 21.54 ± 6.84; p = 0.049) and prior to and after intervention in the control group (prior to intervention 35.68 ± 24.41; after intervention 21.54 ± 6.84; p = 0.038). Changes in CXCL8 expression in the control group occurred prior to and after intervention (prior to intervention 2975.93 ± 1484.04; after intervention 1584.85 ± 1659.84; p = 0.041). CXCL1 expression was increased in the immune group and decreased in the control group (immune group 2698.27 (1538.14–5124.70); control group 953.75 (457.85–1534.60); p = 0.032). In both groups, a decrease in superficial neutrophil infiltration was observed, but this was only statistically significant in the immune group. There was no impact of the observed differences between the two groups on surgical outcomes (morbidity, length of stay, readmissions). Conclusions: Immunonutrition in the preoperative period compared with standard nutritional support may influence inflammatory cytokine expression and leukocyte infiltration in patients with colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals The Research on the Impact of Maca Polypeptide on Sport Fatigue

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Miao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Group A ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group D

In order to study the effect of maca polypeptide on sport fatigue, this paper selected 40 male mice, and they were randomly divided into group A, B, C and D. group A, B and C were fed food with different concentrations of maca polypeptide, and group D was control group. After two weeks of feeding, measured physiological indexes of mice, including blood glucose, urea nitrogen and creatinine. At last gived the experimental results, as well as the analysis. Experimental results show that maca polypeptide can improve the ability of anti-fatigue mice, and in a certain concentration range, the higher the concentration, the better the resistance to fatigue.

scholarly journals Differential association between inflammatory cytokines and multiorgan dysfunction in COVID-19 patients with obesity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252026
Author(s):  
Marie-Agnès Dragon-Durey ◽  
Xiaoyi Chen ◽  
Amos Kirilovsky ◽  
Nadine Ben Hamouda ◽  
Carine El Sissy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Immune Cell Subsets ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunctions ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the SARS-CoV-2 infection severity observed in patients with obesity, we performed a prospective study of 51 patients evaluating the impact of multiple immune parameters during 2 weeks after admission, on vital organs’ functions according to body mass index (BMI) categories. High-dimensional flow cytometric characterization of immune cell subsets was performed at admission, 30 systemic cytokines/chemokines levels were sequentially measured, thirteen endothelial markers were determined at admission and at the zenith of the cytokines. Computed tomography scans on admission were quantified for lung damage and hepatic steatosis (n = 23). Abnormal BMI (> 25) observed in 72.6% of patients, was associated with a higher rate of intensive care unit hospitalization (p = 0.044). SARS-CoV-2 RNAaemia, peripheral immune cell subsets and cytokines/chemokines were similar among BMI groups. A significant association between inflammatory cytokines and liver, renal, and endothelial dysfunctions was observed only in patients with obesity (BMI > 30). In contrast, early signs of lung damage (ground-glass opacity) correlated with Th1/M1/inflammatory cytokines only in normal weight patients. Later lesions of pulmonary consolidation correlated with BMI but were independent of cytokine levels. Our study reveals distinct physiopathological mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with obesity that may have important clinical implications.

AMPK inactivation in mononuclear cells: a potential intracellular mechanism for exercise-induced immunosuppression

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Moir ◽  
Lee Butcher ◽  
Ken P. Jones ◽  
Michael G. Hughes ◽  
Huw Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Atp Depletion ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Mitochondrial Atp Synthase ◽  
Exercise Induced

There is much evidence that prolonged intense exercise suppresses the immune system. However, the intracellular biochemical mechanisms linking exercise and immunosuppression remain obscure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that exercise-induced inactivation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) disrupts individual immune cell function, and thus may be linked to exercise-induced immunosuppression. To confirm AMPK’s role in immune cells, AMPK activity was assessed in cultured monocytic Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cells. The effects of single bouts of intense exercise (45 min cycling; 70% VO2 max) on several immune parameters including mononuclear cell AMPK phosphorylation were investigated in 10 male volunteers. In vitro, the mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin brought about transient decreases in cellular [ATP] (0.41 ± 0.04 pmol/cell to 0.31 ± 0.02 pmol/cell), and activation of AMPKα1 (170.7% ± 31.2% basal) and the glycolytic enzyme inducible phosphofructokinase 2 (iPFK-2) (225.0% ± 46.1% basal), with the latter effects coinciding with recovery from ATP depletion. In contrast, exercise-induced transient (~1 h) decreases in AMPKα1 phosphorylation (64.4% ± 17.6% basal). This AMPK inactivation coincided with comparable transient decreases in other immune parameters (salivary IgA levels, serum cytokine levels, monocyte CD36 expression). Although the brief exercise bout employed here is not sufficient to cause full-fledged immunosuppression, exercise-induced transient decreases in mononuclear cell AMPK activation (as seen in this study) may cause energy depletion within individual immune cells, and therefore have an impact upon their ability to carry out their functions. Thus, we suggest that prolonged, repeated, high-intensity exercise that leads to clinically relevant immunosuppression may do so via AMPK inactivation within immune cells.

Association between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels and clinical periodontal markers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Topaloğlu ◽  
Ceren Gökmenoğlu ◽  
Sema Nur Ayyildiz ◽  
Selma Cirrik ◽  
Cankat Kara
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact

Aim: Vitamin D (vit-D) has become important for periodontal disease owing to its role in autoimmunity, bone mineral metabolism, and inflammation. Our aim was to determine the relationship between serum vit-D levels, clinical periodontal parameters, and blood serum biomarkers. Materials and methods: The participants were evaluated in 2 groups as chronic periodontitis (n=30) and periodontally healthy patients (n=30). Periodontal parameters and fasting venous blood samples were taken from the patients to assess each patient’s periodontal status and for biochemical analyses (vit-D, OPG, RANKL, CTx, TNF-α). Results: TNF-α, OPG, CTx, vit-D levels in chronic periodontitis group were found to be statistically higher than control group. There were positive correlation between TNF-α and CTx, OPG and vit-D, as well as CTx and vit-D levels. Vit-D, OPG mean values of chronic periodontitis group with adequate vit-D levels (>75nmol/l) were found to be statistically significantly higher than inadequate individuals (<75nmol/l) and TNF-α, CTxve RANKL levels were found lower (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to our findings, the poor oral hygiene level in chronic periodontitis patients was the main factor strongly associated with chronic periodontitis. Vitamin D levels significantly increased the serum levels of OPG that caused a reduction in levels of RANKL. So, 25-OH vit D was effective in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. However, further studies are needed for better understanding of the impact of vit-D deficiency on periodontal diseases

scholarly journals The Systemic Immune Response to Collagen-Induced Arthritis and the Impact of Bone Injury in Inflammatory Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5436 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. Teixeira ◽  
Andreia M. Silva ◽  
Maria Inês Almeida ◽  
Mafalda Bessa-Gonçalves ◽  
Carla Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Collagen Induced Arthritis ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Impact

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease that affects the osteoarticular system, associated with bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. Herein, we aimed to characterize the systemic impact of the rat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and explore its combination with femoral bone defect (FD). The impact of CIA on endogenous mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) was also investigated. CIA induction led to enlarged, more proliferative, spleen and draining lymph nodes, with altered proportion of lymphoid populations. Upon FD, CIA animals increased the systemic myeloid cell proportions, and their expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86. Screening plasma cytokine/chemokine levels showed increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin (IL)-17, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-12 in CIA, and IL-2 and IL-6 increased in CIA and CIA+FD, while Fractalkine and Leptin were decreased in both groups. CIA-derived MSC showed lower metabolic activity and proliferation, and significantly increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation markers. Exposure of control-MSC to TNF-α partially mimicked the CIA-MSC phenotype in vitro. In conclusion, inflammatory conditions of CIA led to alterations in systemic immune cell proportions, circulating mediators, and in endogenous MSC. CIA animals respond to FD, and the combined model can be used to study the mechanisms of bone repair in inflammatory conditions.

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