149 DIFFERENCES IN TRANSABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS AMONG PATIENTS COMPLAINING OF ESOPHAGEAL DYSPHAGIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Manabe ◽  
Maki Ayaki ◽  
Jun Nakamura ◽  
Minoru Fujita ◽  
Mitsuhiko Suehiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Esophageal Wall ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Esophageal Lumen ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Esophageal Dysphagia ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Electronic Caliper

Abstract   Dysphagia is a symptom suggestive of severe underlying pathology, although its causes include organic and non-organic disorders. A balance must be struck between the potential complications of any invasive investigation and its diagnostic utility, especially for elderly patients with dysphagia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) can differentiate among patients complaining of esophageal dysphagia including achalasia, distal esophageal spasms (DES), neoplasms involving the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) and healthy controls. Methods All patients complained of esophageal dysphagia, while healthy controls had no symptoms originating from esophagus. TUS was performed in 50 patients with achalasia, 17 DES patients, 10 patients with neoplasms, and 39 sex- and age-matched controls. All studies were performed with a 3.5 MHz real time curved array scanner and using an electronic caliper to measure esophageal wall thickness and the maximum esophageal diameter at 3 cm from EGJ. Manometric diagnoses were made based on the Chicago classification ver.3. The cutoff value of each TUS parameter was then calculated. Specificity and sensitivity in making a diagnosis of each disease were determined. Results There were significantly differences in the TUS parameters among four groups (Fig). The cutoff value of diameter of esophageal lumen to differentiate achalasia from other 3 groups was calculated as 13.1 mm (sensitivity, 0.96; specificity, 0.93), with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99, and that of esophageal wall thickness to differentiate both the tumor and DES groups from the other two groups was 3.5 mm (sensitivity, 0.64; specificity, 0.62), respectively. Using these parameters, sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis was 0.56 and 0.95 in achalasia, 1.00 and 0.24 in DES, and 1.00 and 0.21 in tumors. Conclusion TUS is a useful, non-invasive diagnostic aid in differentiating patients with primary achalasia from those with other causes of dysphagia.

Evaluation of the Clinical Role of Strain Elastography in Patients Diagnosed With Congenital Torticollis

2021 ◽  
pp. 875647932098324
Author(s):  
Elif Özyazici Özkan ◽  
Mehmet Burak Ozkan ◽  
İshak Abdurrahman İsik
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Congenital Muscular Torticollis ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Strain Elastography ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Muscular Torticollis

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the elasticity of sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in patients with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). Methods: In all, 41 patients and 22 controls were included in the study, and the elasticity of the patients’ SCM was measured. Echogenicity, thickness, and strain values of the SCM were also obtained. Results: The thickness and strain values of the SCM were higher in the patient group than in the control group ( P = .02 and P = .15). For median values, there was no difference in echogenicity and strain. In the strain elastography evaluation of the receiver operating curve (ROC) for muscle echogenicity in the isoechoic muscle group, the specificity and sensitivity were determined to be 100% and 22%, respectively, for the area under the curve (AOC) value of 0.558 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.424–0.6686), and the cutoff value was <1.4. In the hyperechoic muscle group, the ROC for AUC values was found to be 0.542 (95% CI, 0.411–0.6686), and the cutoff value was >1.4 with 100% sensitivity and 20.75 specificity. Conclusions: The strain elastography technique can be used in the diagnosis of CMT.

scholarly journals Serum adipokines as non-invasive biomarkers in Crohn’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Ortega Moreno ◽  
Ancor Sanz-Garcia ◽  
Marina J. Fernández de la Fuente ◽  
Ricardo Arroyo Solera ◽  
Samuel Fernández-Tomé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Adipose tissue secretes molecules that can promote activity in Crohn’s disease. We aimed to evaluate the role of serum adipokines as possible biomarkers in Crohn’s disease. Serum samples were obtained from 40 patients with endoscopically active or quiescent Crohn’s disease and 36 healthy controls. Serum leptin, ghrelin, resistin and adiponectin levels were analysed by Multiplex in a Luminex 200 system technology. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were performed to evaluate the adipokines discriminatory capacity. A logistic regression adjusted by possible confounders (i.e. gender, age, BMI) was performed for those adipokines that showed an area under the curve > 0.7. No differences were found in age, gender or BMI among groups. Distribution for serum resistin was different among the three groups of study, and only this adipokine showed an area under the curve of 0.75 comparing actives patients and healthy control groups. Resistin median concentration was selected as a cut-off for a logistic regression analysis; odds ratio along its 95% confidence interval adjusted by gender, age, and BMI yielded a value of 5.46 (1.34–22.14) comparing actives patients and healthy controls. High concentration of serum resistin is probably associated to activity, being this association independent of gender, age or BMI.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Gut Microbiome of Colorectal Cancer: 40 Fecal Bacteria as Non-invasive Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Yuan ◽  
SiPing Ma ◽  
Qingkai Meng ◽  
Tao Du ◽  
Yueyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Abstract Background: Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) ranks one of the 5 most lethal malignant tumors both in China and worldwide. Emerging evidences have revealed the importance of gut microbiome on CRC, thus microbial community could be termed as a potential screen for early diagnosis. Importantly, compared with the whole microbial community analysis, few numbers of bacteria genus as non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity causing less cost would benefit more in clinical. Methods: Here we analyzed the gut microbiome from 226 CRC patients and 156 healthy people by 16s rRNA sequencing. We analyzed the microbiome diversity between CRC patients and healthy controls. We used ExtraTrees classifier to screening the biomarkers and took SVM (Support Vector Machine) model to test the specificity and sensitivity of our biomarkers. Results: Compared with the healthy gut, the microbial composition are divergent in CRC, especially the increase of some bacteria related to CRC and the decrease of some healthy bacteria. 40 bacteria genus exhibiting high weight for the healthy and CRC microbiome classification were screened as biomarkers for CRC. In addition, the combination of 40 biomarkers and FOBT showed an outstanding sensitivity and specificity for discrimination CRC patients from healthy controls. Conclusion: The method could be used as a non-invasive method for CRC early diagnosis.

PLATELET COUNT AND SPLEEN DIAMETER RATIO FOR NON INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF ESOPHAGEAL VARICES

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Pooja Krishnappa ◽  
Vasant PK ◽  
Subhash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Non Invasive

BACKGROUND: Portal Hypertension and its consequences mainly, Esophageal Varies (EVs) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis of liver. Upper GI endoscopy is the investigation of choice for diagnosis of EVs and periodic endoscopies have been recommended for monitoring of varices. There is a need for non-invasive parameters to detect the presence of EVs. Identication of noninvasive predictors of EVs will help us to carry out EGD in selected groups of patients. Unnecessary endoscopies can be avoided and at the same time, patients who require endoscopy can be referred to a higher center, where facilities for endoscopy are available. Among the non-invasive modalities, the platelet count and bipolar spleen diameter ratio has shown promising results in terms of its accuracy in predicting the presence of Esophageal Varices in many studies MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with chronic liver disease diagnosed using clinical, Laboratory and ultrasound parameters were assessed using esophagogastroduodenoscopy for the presence or absence of esophageal varices. USG abdomen was done to assess for bipolar splenic diameter and the presence or absence of EV's was correlated with the platelet count/ splenic diameter ratio, CHILD SCORE, MELD score, Platelet count alone and splenic diameter alone. Platelet count/SD ratio of 909 based on previous studies was correlated with the presence or absence of varices. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS software version 20.0 and variables showing statistically signicant correlations with presence of arices were used for plotting ROC curves to assess the cut of points which could be used for non invasive prediction of varices. RESULTS: The PC/SD ratio cut off (909), based on previous studies for non invasive diagnosis of Esophageal Varices gave sensitivity and specicity of 97.9% and 91.7% respectively, in our study, which was statistically signicant (P value <0.001). The positive predicitive value and negative predictive value of the PC/SD ratio (909) was 96.5% and 94.8% respectively and the accuracy of the test was 96%. ROC curve for Platelet count and Splenic diameter ratio area under the curve is 97.8% with P value < 0.001 and cutoff value 895.02 with sensitivity 96.6% and specicity 96.5%. The Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of PC/SD ratio of 895 was found to be 98.6% and 91.8% respectively and the accuracy of the test 96.5%. ROC curve for Child score in our study, area under the curve 71% with a signicant P value < 0.001, and cut-off value obtained for Child score was 8.50 with sensitivity 64.8% and specicity 63.8 %. ROC curve for MELD score revealed area under the curve was 74.3% with P value as < 0.001, and the cut-off value was 15.5 with sensitivity 67.6 % and specicity 67.2%. ROC curve for Platelet count in our study, the area under the curve was 94.5% with P value as < 0.001, and the cut-off value was 108500 with sensitivity and specicity of 89.7% and 89.4% respectively. The ROC curve for Spleen diameter in our study revealed that the area under the curve was 86.8%% with P value as < 0.001, and the cutoff value was 121 with sensitivity and specicity of 78.9% and 81.0% respectively. CONCLUSION: Among the variables studied for non-invasive diagnosis of Esophageal varices, the Platelet count / Spleen diameter ratio had the best sensitivity and specicity for diagnosing EVs. In view of low sensitivities and specicities for the cut off values obtained for Child score, MELD score, platelet count and spleen diameter, these indices may not be useful as PC/SD ratio in the non-invasive prediction of EV's. The Platelet count / Splenic diameter ratio may be proposed as a safe parameter for diagnosing Esophageal Varices in Chronic Liver disease noninvasively, where resources are limited and endoscopy facilities are not available, to select the patients with probable Esophageal Varices who can be referred to higher centres

scholarly journals Novel Morphological Features on CMR for the Prediction of Pathogenic Sarcomere Gene Variants in Subjects Without Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki van der Velde ◽  
Roy Huurman ◽  
H. Carlijne Hassing ◽  
Ricardo P. J. Budde ◽  
Marjon A. van Slegtenhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Score System

Background: Carriers of pathogenic DNA variants (G+) causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be identified by genetic testing. Several abnormalities have been brought forth as pre-clinical expressions of HCM, some of which can be identified by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). In this study, we assessed morphological differences between G+/left ventricular hypertrophy-negative (LVH-) subjects and healthy controls and examined whether CMR-derived variables are useful for the prediction of sarcomere gene variants.Methods: We studied 57 G+ subjects with a maximal wall thickness (MWT) &lt; 13 mm, and compared them to 40 healthy controls matched for age and sex on a group level. Subjects underwent CMR including morphological, volumetric and function assessment. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the determination of predictive CMR characteristics, by which a scoring system for G+ status was constructed.Results: G+/LVH- subjects were subject to alterations in the myocardial architecture, resulting in a thinner posterior wall thickness (PWT), higher interventricular septal wall/PWT ratio and MWT/PWT ratio. Prominent hook-shaped configurations of the anterobasal segment were only observed in this group. A model consisting of the anterobasal hook, multiple myocardial crypts, right ventricular/left ventricular ratio, MWT/PWT ratio, and MWT/left ventricular mass ratio predicted G+ status with an area under the curve of 0.92 [0.87–0.97]. A score of ≥3 was present only in G+ subjects, identifying 56% of the G+/LVH- population.Conclusion: A score system incorporating CMR-derived variables correctly identified 56% of G+ subjects. Our results provide further insights into the wide phenotypic spectrum of G+/LVH- subjects and demonstrate the utility of several novel morphological features. If genetic testing for some reason cannot be performed, CMR and our purposed score system can be used to detect possible G+ carriers and to aid planning of the control intervals.

scholarly journals Assessment of miR-98-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-326 and miR-4289 Expression as Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Moya ◽  
Jonelle Meijer ◽  
Sarah Schubert ◽  
Farhana Matin ◽  
Jyotsna Batra
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Us

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, accounting for almost 1 in 5 new cancer diagnoses in the US alone. The current non-invasive biomarker prostate specific antigen (PSA) has lately been presented with many limitations, such as low specificity and often associated with over-diagnosis. The dysregulation of miRNAs in cancer has been widely reported and it has often been shown to be specific, sensitive and stable, suggesting miRNAs could be a potential specific biomarker for the disease. Previously, we identified four miRNAs that are significantly upregulated in plasma from PCa patients when compared to healthy controls: miR-98-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-326 and miR-4289. This panel showed high specificity and sensitivity in detecting PCa (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.88). To investigate the specificity of these miRNAs as biomarkers for PCa, we undertook an in depth analysis on these miRNAs in cancer from the existing literature and data. Additionally, we explored their prognostic value found in the literature when available. Most studies showed these miRNAs are downregulated in cancer and this is often associated with cancer progression and poorer overall survival rate. These results suggest our four miRNA signatures could potentially become a specific PCa diagnostic tool of which prognostic potential should also be explored.

scholarly journals Serum Calretinin as a Biomarker in Malignant Mesothelioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 4875
Author(s):  
Cita Zupanc ◽  
Alenka Franko ◽  
Danijela Štrbac ◽  
Metoda Dodič Fikfak ◽  
Viljem Kovač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pleural Plaques ◽  
Potential Biomarker

The early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) could improve the prognosis of MM patients. To confirm an MM diagnosis, an immunohistochemical analysis of several tumor tissue markers, including calretinin, is currently required. Our aim is to evaluate serum calretinin as a potential biomarker in asbestos-related diseases, especially in MM. Our study includes 549 subjects: 164 MM patients, 117 subjects with asbestosis, 195 subjects with pleural plaques and 73 occupationally asbestos-exposed subjects without asbestos-related diseases. The serum calretinin concentration was determined with a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Data on the soluble mesothelin-related peptides (SMRP) concentration are available from previous studies. MM patients had a significantly higher calretinin concentration than subjects without disease, subjects with pleural plaques or subjects with asbestosis (all p < 0.001). The histological type was significantly associated with serum calretinin: patients with sarcomatoid MM had lower calretinin than patients with the epithelioid type (p = 0.001). In a ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve for calretinin concentration predicting MM was 0.826 (95% CI = 0.782–0.869; p < 0.001). At the cutoff value of 0.32 ng/mL, sensitivity was 0.683, while specificity was 0.886. The combination of calretinin and SMRP had the highest predictive value. Calretinin is a useful biomarker that can distinguish MM from other asbestos-related diseases and could, therefore, contribute to an earlier non-invasive diagnosis of MM.

A randomized cross-over trial in patients suspected of PAD on diagnostic accuracy of ankle-brachial index by Doppler-based versus four-point oscillometry based measurements

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Mayr ◽  
Mirko Hirschl ◽  
Peter Klein-Weigel ◽  
Luka Girardi ◽  
Michael Kundi
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Oscillometric Device ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Summary. Background: For diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD), a Doppler-based ankle-brachial-index (dABI) is recommended as the first non-invasive measurement. Due to limitations of dABI, oscillometry might be used as an alternative. The aim of our study was to investigate whether a semi-automatic, four-point oscillometric device provides comparable diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, time requirements and patient preferences were evaluated. Patients and methods: 286 patients were recruited for the study; 140 without and 146 with PAD. The Doppler-based (dABI) and oscillometric (oABI and pulse wave index – PWI) measurements were performed on the same day in a randomized cross-over design. Specificity and sensitivity against verified PAD diagnosis were computed and compared by McNemar tests. ROC analyses were performed and areas under the curve were compared by non-parametric methods. Results: oABI had significantly lower sensitivity (65.8%, 95% CI: 59.2%–71.9%) compared to dABI (87.3%, CI: 81.9–91.3%) but significantly higher specificity (79.7%, 74.7–83.9% vs. 67.0%, 61.3–72.2%). PWI had a comparable sensitivity to dABI. The combination of oABI and PWI had the highest sensitivity (88.8%, 85.7–91.4%). ROC analysis revealed that PWI had the largest area under the curve, but no significant differences between oABI and dABI were observed. Time requirement for oABI was significantly shorter by about 5 min and significantly more patients would prefer oABI for future testing. Conclusions: Semi-automatic oABI measurements using the AngER-device provide comparable diagnostic results to the conventional Doppler method while PWI performed best. The time saved by oscillometry could be important, especially in high volume centers and epidemiologic studies.

scholarly journals Sphingolipid Analysis Indicate Lactosylceramide as a Potential Biomarker of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Filimoniuk ◽  
Agnieszka Blachnio-Zabielska ◽  
Monika Imierska ◽  
Dariusz Marek Lebensztejn ◽  
Urszula Daniluk
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

An altered ceramide composition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of sphingolipids in the serum of treatment-naive children with newly diagnosed IBD and to determine the diagnostic value of the tested lipids in pediatric IBD. The concentrations of sphingolipids in serum samples were evaluated using a quantitative method, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in children with Crohn’s disease (CD) (n=34), ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 39), and controls (Ctr) (n = 24). Among the study groups, the most significant differences in concentrations were noted for C16:0-LacCer, especially in children with CD compared to Ctr or even to UC. Additionally, the relevant increase in C20:0-Cer and C18:1-Cer concentrations were detected in both IBD groups compared to Ctr. The enhanced C24:0-Cer level was observed only in UC, while C18:0-Cer only in the CD group. The highest area under the curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity were determined for C16:0-LacCer in CD diagnosis. Our results suggest that the serum LacC16-Cer may be a potential biomarker that distinguishes children with IBD from healthy controls and differentiates IBD subtypes. In addition, C20:0-Cer and C18:0-Cer levels also seem to be closely connected with IBD.

scholarly journals Optimal Utility of H-Reflex RDD as a Biomarker of Spinal Disinhibition in Painful and Painless Diabetic Neuropathy

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Anne Worthington ◽  
Alise Kalteniece ◽  
Maryam Ferdousi ◽  
Luca Donofrio ◽  
Shaishav Dhage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Painful Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Spinal Inhibition

Impaired rate-dependent depression of the Hoffman reflex (HRDD) is a potential biomarker of impaired spinal inhibition in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. However, the optimum stimulus-response parameters that identify patients with spinal disinhibition are currently unknown. We systematically compared HRDD, performed using trains of 10 stimuli at five stimulation frequencies (0.3, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 Hz), in 42 subjects with painful and 62 subjects with painless diabetic neuropathy with comparable neuropathy severity, and 34 healthy controls. HRDD was calculated using individual and mean responses compared to the initial response. At stimulation frequencies of 1, 2 and 3 Hz, HRDD was significantly impaired in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy compared to patients with painless diabetic neuropathy for all parameters and for most parameters when compared to healthy controls. HRDD was significantly enhanced in patients with painless diabetic neuropathy compared to controls for responses towards the end of the 1 Hz stimulation train. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis in patients with and without pain showed that the area under the curve was greatest for response averages of stimuli 2–4 and 2–5 at 1 Hz, AUC = 0.84 (95%CI 0.76–0.92). Trains of 5 stimuli delivered at 1 Hz can segregate patients with painful diabetic neuropathy and spinal disinhibition, whereas longer stimulus trains are required to segregate patients with painless diabetic neuropathy and enhanced spinal inhibition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document