The cholesterol paradox in atrial fibrillation: results from the LIPIDOGRAM 2015 study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Harrison ◽  
G.Y.H Lip ◽  
D.A Lane ◽  
M Mastej ◽  
S Kasperczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background High blood lipid levels are known risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, but associations between lipid levels and atrial fibrillation (AF) are unclear. Some previous studies have suggested an inverse association between lipid levels and AF referred to as the “cholesterol paradox”. Purpose To examine the prevalence of AF by differing lipid levels in a large population-based study of almost 14,000 adults in Poland. Methods The LIPIDOGRAM 2015 study is a cross-sectional study of adults aged 18 years and older recruited in Poland in 2015/2016 by 438 family physicians. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) for AF with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for participants with differing lipid profiles. Lipid measures including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and LDL/HDL ratios were grouped into quartiles with the lowest quartile as the reference group. Models were adjusted for potential confounding factors including age, sex, waist-to-hip ratio, smoking, alcohol intake, regular physical activity, hypertension, antihypertensive medication use and treatment of dyslipidaemia. Results 13,724 participants were recruited to the study, the median (interquartile range: IQR) age was 58.0 (47.7–65.8) years and 5.2% (n=708) had a diagnosis of AF, with a median (IQR) 3 (1–8) years since diagnosis. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a statistically significant lower prevalence of AF was estimated for participants in the highest quartile for LDL-C (PR (95% CI): 0.60 (0.48, 0.75) p<0.001), HDL-C (0.58 (0.46, 0.74), p<0.001), TC (0.61 (0.49, 0.75), p<0.001) and LDL/HDL ratio (0.75 (0.61, 0.94), p=0.010). No statistically significant difference in prevalence of AF was observed for participants in the highest quartile for TG levels compared to the lowest quartile for TG levels. Conclusions The prevalence of AF was lower for people with higher levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, TC and higher LDL/HDL ratios; some of the difference in prevalence was explained by controlling for confounding factors, but in multivariable models the association remained statistically significant. This research adds to the body of evidence which suggests an inverse relationship between cholesterol levels and AF-the “cholesterol paradox” for AF. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Abstract P005: Lipid Gene Scores and the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye L Lopez ◽  
Pamela L Lutsey ◽  
Dan E Arking ◽  
James S Pankow ◽  
Sunil K Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Gene Score

Background— Recent studies show that lower levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and total cholesterol are associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF), whereas AF is not associated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and triglycerides. To test a potential causal association between lipid levels and AF risk, we assessed whether previously developed lipid gene scores are associated with the incidence of AF in a large community-based cohort. Methods— Our analysis included 8849 white participants free of AF at baseline (1987-1989) and with lipid gene scores from the ARIC study. We used previously developed phenotype-specific lipid gene scores, based on loci significantly associated with lipid levels. Incidence of AF was ascertained through 2009 from study visit ECGs, and ICD codes from hospitalizations and death certificates. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of AF by each respective lipid gene score quintile and per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase of each effect-size weighted lipid gene score. Results— During a median follow-up of 20.7 years, we identified 1207 incident AF cases. The HDLc gene score, the total cholesterol score, and the triglyceride score were not associated with incidence of AF. The continuous LDLc score was not associated with AF overall, but had a significant interaction with gender (p=0.03). A higher LDLc score was associated with a lower incidence of AF in females but not in males (table): multivariable HR and 95% confidence interval (CI) per 1-SD increase: 0.90 (0.83-0.98) vs. 1.03 (0.95-1.11). When the LDLc gene score was split into quintiles, a higher LDLc score for females was associated with a lower AF risk: HR (95% CI) = 0.74 (0.56-0.98) when comparing extreme quintiles (table). Conclusion— In this large population-based study, a higher LDLc score in females was associated with a lower incidence of AF. No association with AF was observed in the LDLc score in males or with the gene scores for HDLc, total cholesterol or triglycerides.

scholarly journals Effect of intermittent versus continuous calorie restriction on body weight and cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Maroofi ◽  
Javad Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Background Intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) is a novel method of dietary restriction for body weight control with the potential to improve obesity-related cardiometabolic markers, but the impact of this diet on subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) remains unknown. Methods Eighty-eight subjects with overweight or obesity and mild-to-moderate HTG were randomized to the continuous calorie restriction (CCR) group, or ICR group (a very low-calorie diet during 3 days of the week) for 8 weeks (44 patients in each group). Body composition, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and liver enzymes were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. An intention-to-treat analysis was performed. Results The body weight decreased in both groups (4.07 ± 1.83 kg in the CCR group and 4.57 ± 2.21 kg in the ICR group) with no significant difference between the groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the reduced amount of fat mass, fat-free mass, and waist circumference. Both groups achieved a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides after 8 weeks (by 15.6 and 6.3% in ICR and CCR groups, respectively) with no difference between treatment groups. HOMA-IR improved significantly in ICR compared to the CCR group (P = 0.03). Plasma glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver enzyme, and adiponectin were not different between the two groups. Conclusions The results of this short-term study suggest that three-days a week of the ICR is comparable to a CCR diet for the reduction of triglycerides level in patients with HTG and in the short-term it appears to be more effective than continuous dieting in improving insulin resistance. However, longer-term studies are needed to confirm these findings. Trial registration Trial registration number:NCT04143971.

P1884Low lipid levels and high variability correlate with the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Lee ◽  
S R Lee ◽  
E K Choi ◽  
K D Han ◽  
S Oh
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Lipid Parameter ◽  
Bottom Quartile

Abstract Background High levels of lipids and lipid variability are established risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We investigated their roles in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). This is the largest cohort study yet on the association between lipid levels and AF, and the first study on the association between lipid variability and AF. Methods A nationwide population-based cohort of 3,828,652 adults (mean age 43.9 years) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database without prevalent AF, not on lipid-lowering medication, and with at least 3 measurements of each lipid parameter at 1–2 year intervals over a 4-year period were included. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured, and lipid variability was calculated using variability independent of mean. The cohort was divided into quartiles by baseline lipid levels and lipid variability, and followed up for incident AF. Results During median 3.4 years of follow-up, AF was newly diagnosed in 13,240 (0.35%). AF development was inversely associated with TC and LDL-C levels (for top vs. bottom quartile; TC, hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.72–0.80); LDL-C, HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.74–0.82) in both sexes, and with TG levels in men (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.80–0.90). Meanwhile, AF development was associated with higher LDL-C and HDL-C variability (for top vs. bottom quartile; LDL-C, HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10–1.22; HDL-C, HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.14) in both sexes, and with TC variability in men (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.10–1.22). Conclusions Lower cholesterol levels (TC, LDL-C) and higher cholesterol variability (LDL-C, HDL-C) were associated with higher risk for AF. Low TG levels and high TC variability were also associated with AF incidence in men. These findings support the “cholesterol paradox” in AF, and suggest that cholesterol variability is also a risk factor for AF development.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of the serum lipid profile in prediction of diabetic neuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zixin Cai ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Jingjing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWhether the lipid profile in diabetic patients is associated with diabetic neuropathy (DN) development remains ambiguous, as does the predictive value of serum lipid levels in the risk of DN. Here, we performed the first meta-analysis designed to investigate the relationship between DN and the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Candidate studies were comprehensively identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases up to May 2020. Observational methodological meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationships of TG, TC, HDL, and LDL levels with DN. Changes in blood lipids were used to estimate the effect size. The results were pooled using a random-effects or fixed-effects model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis. Various outcomes were included, and statistical analyses were performed using STATA (Version 12.0). Mean differences (MDs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied to assess the methodological quality. I2 statistics were calculated to evaluate statistical heterogeneity. Funnel plots were utilized to test for publication bias. A sensitivity analysis was performed by omitting each study one by one. Thirty-nine clinical trials containing 32,668 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that DN patients showed higher TG and lower HDL levels (MD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.20–0.48 for TG; MD = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.08–-0.02, I2 = 81.3% for HDL) than controls. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) neuropathy had elevated TG levels in their serum (MD = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.16–0.35,I2 = 64.4% for T1DM). However, only patients with T1DM neuropathy had reduced serum HDL levels, and there was no significant difference in serum HDL levels between patients with T2DM neuropathy and controls (MD = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.10–-0.03, I2 = 12.4% for T1DM; MD = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.07–0.03, I2 = 80.2% for T2DM). TC and LDL levels were not significantly different between DN patients and controls (MD = -0.03, 95% CI: -0.14–0.09, I2 = 82.9% for TC; MD = -0.00, 95% CI: -0.08–0.08, I2 = 78.9% for LDL). In addition, compared with mild or painless DN patients, those with moderate or severe pain DN pain had significantly reduced serum TC and LDL levels (MD = -0.31, 95% CI: -0.49–-0.13, I2 = 0% for TC; MD = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.32–-0.08, I2 = 0% for LDL). TG levels and HDL levels did not vary considerably between patients with mild or painless DN and those with moderate or severe DN pain patients (MD = 0.12, 95% CI: -0.28–0.51, I2 = 83.2% for TG; MD = -0.07, 95% CI:-0.14–0.01, I2 = 58.8% for HDL). Furthermore, people with higher TG and LDL levels had higher risk of DN (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.20–1.54, I2 = 86.1% for TG and OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02–1.19, I2 = 17.8% for LDL). Conversely, high serum HDL levels reduced the risk of DN (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75–0.96, I2 = 72.6%), while TC levels made no significant difference with the risk of DN (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00–1.04, I2 = 84.7%). This meta-analysis indicated that serum lipid profile changes are among the biological characteristics of DN. Lipid levels should be explored as routine laboratory markers for predicting the risk of DN, as they will help clinicians choose appropriate therapies, and thus optimize the use of available resources.

scholarly journals The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Lipid Levels: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Masato Hamasaki ◽  
Kazuhiko Kotani
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Meta Analyses

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is positively associated with cardiovascular diseases, but the involvement of lipids in this association remains unclear. The present study reviewed the changes in circulating lipid levels following H. pylori eradication. Methods: A PubMed database was searched until December 2020 to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs investigating the effect of H. pylori eradication on the lipid levels in inverse variance-weighted, random-effects meta-analyses. Results: A total of 24 studies (four RCTs and 20 non-RCTs) with 5270 participants were identified. The post-eradication levels were increased for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; mean difference (MD) 2.28 mg/dL, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90 to 2.66) and triglyceride (TG; MD 3.22 mg/dL, 95% CI 1.13 to 5.31) compared with the pre-eradication levels. H. pylori eradication resulted in little to no difference in the low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (MD −2.33 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.92 to 0.26). In the analyses of RCTs only, the findings for elevated HDL-C levels, but not TG, were robust. Conclusions: H. pylori eradication increases the HDL-C levels. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of lipid changes following H. pylori eradication on cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract P102: Variability In Lipid Levels And Risk For Cardiovascular Disease: An Electronic Health Record-based Population Cohort Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila M Manemann ◽  
Suzette J Bielinski ◽  
Ethan D Moser ◽  
Jennifer L St. Sauver ◽  
Paul Y Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Electronic Health Record ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Record ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Larger within-patient variability of lipid levels has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, measures of lipid variability are not currently used clinically. We investigated the feasibility of calculating lipid variability within a large electronic health record (EHR)-based population cohort and assessed associations with incident CVD. Methods: We identified all individuals ≥40 years of age who resided in Olmsted County, MN on 1/1/2006 (index date) without prior CVD. CVD was defined as myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention or stroke. Patients with ≥3 measurements of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and/or triglycerides during the 5 years before the index date were retained in the analyses. Lipid variability was calculated using variability independent of the mean (VIM). Patients were followed through 9/30/2017 for incident CVD (including CVD death). Cox regression was used to investigate the association between quintiles of lipid VIMs and incident CVD. Results: We identified 18,642 individuals (mean age 60; 55% female) who were free of CVD at baseline and VIM calculated for at least one lipid measurement. After adjustment, those in the highest VIM quintiles of total cholesterol had a 25% increased risk of CVD (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.45; Table). We observed similar results for LDL-C (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39) and HDL-C (Q5 vs. Q1 HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09-1.43). There was no association between triglyceride variability quintiles and CVD risk. Conclusion: In a large EHR-based population cohort, high variability in total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C was associated with an increased risk of CVD, independently of traditional risk factors, suggesting it may be a target for intervention. Lipid variability can be calculated in the EHR environment but more research is needed to determine its clinical utility.

Effects of diets rich in ghee or olive oil on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adults: A 2-period, crossover, randomized trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Susan Mohammadi Hosseinabadi ◽  
Javad Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular health-related effects of consuming ghee in the usual diet. Thirty healthy men and women were studied in a free-living outpatient regimen. The participants were instructed for the isocaloric inclusion of ghee or olive oil in their diets for 4 weeks using a randomized crossover design. At the end of run-in (baseline), 2-week wash-out, and interventions, fasting blood samples were drawn. In addition, 2-h postprandial blood samples were collected after ingestion of a meal containing olive oil or ghee at week 4 of each dietary intervention. Body weight was not different between the two interventions. Compared to the olive oil, the diet with ghee increased fasting plasma apolipoprotein-B (apo B) (0.09, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.17 g/L, p= 0.018) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) (0.53, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.05 mmol/L, p= 0.046) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ significantly between diet groups (0.29, 95% CI –0.05 to 0.63 mmol/L, p= 0.092), but had no significant effect on total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (0.75, 95% CI −0.24 to 1.74 mmol/L, p= 0.118). No significant difference was observed in fasting as well as 2-h postprandial plasma triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations. This study showed that ghee which is predominantly saturated fats had an increasing effect on plasma apo B and non-HDL-C compared to olive oil, adding further evidence to the existing recommendations to replace dietary fats high in SFA with dietary fats high in unsaturated fats to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

Abstract 13170: Endothelial Function is Impaired in Relation to Alcohol Consumption in Men in a Large General Population

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Oda ◽  
Yukihito Higashi ◽  
Masato Kajikawa ◽  
Tatsuya Maruhashi ◽  
Akimichi Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Endothelial function is impaired in heavy or binge drinking. Heavy drinking should be a predictor of endothelial dysfunction. However, there is little information on the effects of dose-dependent alcohol consumption on endothelial function. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between alcohol consumption and endothelial function in a large general population. Methods and Results: We measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) in 2734 men who provided self-report about habitual alcohol intake. The subjects were divided into five groups by alcohol consumption: none (0 g/week), light (0 g/week< to ≤140 g/week), moderate (140 g/week< to ≤280 g/week), heavy (280 g/week< to ≤420 g/week), and excessive (420 g/week<). Age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and current smoking were significantly correlated with alcohol consumption. FMD showed a gradual decrease according to increased alcohol consumption (none, 6.6±3.4%; light, 6.2±3.0%; moderate, 6.0±3.0%; heavy, 5.5±2.9%; excessive, 5.3±3.0%; P<0.01). There was a significant difference in FMD between the non-drinker group and the light drinker group (P=0.018). After adjusted risk factors, we showed the significantly smaller FMD in the 4 drinker groups than in the non-drinker group: light drinker group (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.75), moderate drinker group (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.82), heavy drinker group (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.46 to 2.87), excessive drinker group (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.89). Conclusions: These findings suggest that even light alcohol consumption impair the endothelial function. Alcohol drinking may be harmful for vascular function.

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BOESENBERGIA PANDURATA (FINGER ROOT) IN EXPERIMENTAL INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Santosh Fattepur ◽  
Kiran Chanabasappa Nilugal ◽  
Ranya Rajendran ◽  
Fadli Asmani ◽  
Eddy Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of coronary heart diseases and antihyperlipidemic agents, such as statin, was used to treat hyperlipidemia as a current therapy. Boesenbergia pandurata has not been exploited for antihyperlipidemic effect. Hence, this study aims to screen for the antihyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extracts of B. pandurata rhizomes (BPR extracts) in hypercholesterolemia-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: BPR extracts were prepared using the maceration method with 1500 ml of 80% methanol at room temperature for about 7 days. A toxicity study was carried out based on OECD guidelines. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 6% lard oil, 2% of cheese, and egg yolks. Two different doses of BPR extracts, 200 and 400 mg/kg, were used to screen for antihyperlipidemic effect. Histopathological study was carried out in the liver. The results were evaluated for the statistically significant difference by using the one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett test.Results: No mortality was witnessed even till 2 g/kg. Only 400 mg/kg of BPR extracts statistically reduced in total cholesterol (p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control. BPR extracts (400 mg/kg) showed less enlargement of lipid droplets as compared to positive control.Conclusion: BPR extracts can be a promising medicinal plant for treating hyperlipidemia in underdeveloped countries.

scholarly journals Association between genetically determined leptin and blood lipids considering alcohol consumption: a Mendelian randomisation study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e026860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqi Shen ◽  
José F Cordero ◽  
Jia-Sheng Wang ◽  
Ye Shen ◽  
Shengxu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Genetically Determined

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the association of genetically determined leptin with lipids.DesignWe conducted a Mendelian randomisation study to assess a potential causal relationship between serum leptin and lipid levels. We also evaluated whether alcohol drinking modified the associations of genetically determined leptin with blood lipids.Setting and participants3860 participants of the Framingham Heart Study third generation cohort.ResultsBoth genetic risk scores (GRSs), the GRS generated using leptin loci independent of body mass index (BMI) and GRS generated using leptin loci dependent of BMI, were positively associated with log-transformed leptin (log-leptin). The BMI-independent leptin GRS was associated with log-transformed triglycerides (log-TG, β=−0.66, p=0.01), but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, p=0.99), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, p=0.44) or total cholesterol (TC, p=0.49). Instrumental variable estimation showed that per unit increase in genetically determined log-leptin was associated with 0.55 (95% CI: 0.05 to 1.00) units decrease in log-TG. Besides significant association with log-TG (β=−0.59, p=0.009), the BMI-dependent GRS was nominally associated with HDL-C (β=−10.67, p=0.09) and TC (β=−28.05, p=0.08). When stratified by drinking status, the BMI-dependent GRS was associated with reduced levels of LDL-C (p=0.03), log-TG (p=0.004) and TC (p=0.003) among non-current drinkers only. Significant interactions between the BMI-dependent GRS and alcohol drinking were identified for LDL-C (p=0.03), log-TG (p=0.03) and TC (p=0.02).ConclusionThese findings together indicated that genetically determined leptin was negatively associated with lipid levels and the association may be modified by alcohol consumption.

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