scholarly journals 934Prevalence by proxy: Estimating youth smoking prevalence using nationally representative household surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden Barrett ◽  
Alexandra Marmor ◽  
Raglan Maddox ◽  
Joanne Thandrayen ◽  
Fiona Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
National Prevalence ◽  
Behaviour Data

Abstract Background Reducing youth (15-17 years) smoking uptake is critical to tobacco control; accordingly, youth smoking prevalence is a key monitoring and evaluation outcome. Many nationally representative surveys collect youth smoking behaviour data from, or in the presence of, the youth’s parent or caregiver. We aimed to quantify the potential bias conferred by this. Methods We compared youth smoking prevalence when reported by parent proxy, with parent present or by private self-report, in Australian Bureau of Statistics Health Surveys. National youth current smoking prevalence if all data were collected by youth self-report was estimated. Results Smoking behaviour data for over 75% of youth participants in the health survey were collected by proxy or with parent present. Ever-smoking prevalence using private self-report versus report by proxy was 1.29 (95%CI:0.96-1.73) to 1.99 (1.39-2.85) times as high in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth, and 1.83 (0.92-2.63) to 2.72 (1.68-4.41) times as high in total population youth. Predicted national current smoking prevalence if all youth were to self-report alone was substantively higher than the estimated national prevalence based on actual responses, but still reveals a decline over time. Conclusions Youth smoking estimates drawn from data collected by proxy/with parent present are unlikely to be accurate. Increased youth self-report is crucial to ensure data accuracy to inform effective tobacco control. Key messages The accuracy of youth smoking data collected by proxy/with parent present should be further scrutinised before it is used to inform assessment of national prevalence and trends.

scholarly journals Smoking trends in Mexico, 2002–2016: before and after the ratification of the WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Zavala-Arciniega ◽  
Luz Myriam Reynales-Shigematsu ◽  
David T Levy ◽  
Yan Kwan Lau ◽  
Rafael Meza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Country ◽  
Daily Smoking ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Pictorial Warnings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Smoking Trends ◽  
Pooled Sample

IntroductionMexico was the first Latin American country to ratify the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2004, after which it implemented some key FCTC policies (e.g., taxes, smoke-free, pictorial warnings and ad bans). This study assessed trends in the prevalence of current, daily and non-daily smoking in Mexico before and after the implementation of key FCTC policies.MethodsData were analysed from two comparable, nationally representative surveys (i.e., the National Survey on Addictions 2002, 2011 and 2016, and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009 and 2015). The pooled sample comprised 100 302 persons aged 15–65 years. Changes in the prevalence of current, daily and non-daily smoking were assessed.ResultsFrom 2002 to 2016, the prevalence of current smoking fell 11% in relative terms (from 21.5% to 19.0%). The decrease was registered between 2002 and 2009, and after that, a slight increase was observed (from 16.5% in 2009 to 19% in 2016). The prevalence of daily smoking decreased by about 50% between 2002 and 2016 (from 13.5% to 7.0%) with most of the decrease occurring by 2009. Conversely, the prevalence of non-daily smoking increased by 35% between 2009 and 2016 (from 8.8% to 11.9%).ConclusionsFull implementation of the FCTC is necessary to further reduce smoking. Specific interventions may be needed to target non-daily smokers, who now comprise more than half of current smokers in Mexico.

scholarly journals Patterns of Smoking Among Adolescents in Malaysia and Thailand: Findings From the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Survey

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hammond ◽  
Foong Kin ◽  
Aree Prohmmo ◽  
Nipapun Kungskulniti ◽  
Tan Y. Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Multistage Cluster Sampling

At present, 70% of the world's 1.1 billion smokers are in developing countries, with over 50% in Asia alone. The current study examined patterns of youth smoking in Thailand and Malaysia. Respondents were 2002 youths between the ages of 13 and 17 from Thailand (n = 1000) and Malaysia (n = 1002). Respondents were selected using a multistage cluster sampling design and surveyed between January 2005 and March 2005. Approximately 3% of youth between the ages of 13 and 17 were current smokers, with an additional 10% to 12% reporting experimental smoking. Males were between 7 and 15 times more likely to report smoking behavior than females. Less than 1% of females respondents in either country met the criteria for current smoking, and less than 5% met the criteria for experimental smoking. In contrast, more than 50% Thai males and approximately one-third of Malaysian males aged 17 met the criteria for either experimental or current smoking.

scholarly journals A dynamic modelling analysis of the impact of tobacco control programs on population-level nicotine dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Skinner ◽  
Jo-An Occhipinti ◽  
Nathaniel D. Osgood
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAccording to the ‘hardening hypothesis’, average nicotine dependence will increase as less dependent smokers quit relatively easily in response to effective public health interventions, so that sustained progress in reducing smoking prevalence will depend on shifting the emphasis of tobacco control programs towards intensive treatment of heavily dependent smokers (who comprise an increasing fraction of continuing smokers). We used a system dynamics model of smoking behaviour to explore the potential for hardening in a population of smokers exposed to effective tobacco control measures over an extended period. Policy-induced increases in the per capita cessation rate are shown to lead inevitably to a decline in the proportion of smokers who are heavily dependent, contrary to the hardening hypothesis. Changes in smoking behaviour in Australia over the period 2001‒2016 resulted in substantial decreases in current smoking prevalence (from 23.1% in 2001 to 14.6% in 2016) and the proportion of heavily dependent smokers in the smoking population (from 52.1% to 36.9%). Public health interventions that have proved particularly effective in reducing smoking prevalence (tobacco tax increases, smoke-free environment legislation, antismoking mass media campaigns) are expected to also contribute to a decline in population-level nicotine dependence.

scholarly journals The Influence and Interaction of Tobacco-Related Information Exposure on Youth Smoking Behavior and Smoking Susceptibility: Sex and School Type Difference

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfen Zhu ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Yaping He ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Gang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
School Type ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Control Information ◽  
Control Message ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Smoking Susceptibility

This study investigated the influence and interaction of tobacco promotional and control information with adolescents’ current smoking and smoking susceptibility. 12,278 students were recruited from junior, senior and vocational high schools located in Shanghai, China. The exposure to tobacco promotional and control message of participants over the past 30 days were examined, as well as current smoking and never smokers’ initiation susceptibility. Complex sample analysis was applied. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. 89.3% and 91.5% of adolescents investigated were exposed to tobacco promotional and control message respectively, which separately increased and decreased the risk of current smoking and never-smokers’ smoking susceptibility, especially among males and junior high school students. The risk changed in consistency with the exposure level（Ptrend < 0.001）. Tobacco control message seemed to mitigate the influence of tobacco promotions in the risk of both current smoking (OR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.41–0.99) and smoking susceptibility (OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.46–0.93). Tobacco-related message exposure was highly prevalent and associated with youth smoking risk and smoking susceptibility. It is important to enhance the comprehensiveness and enforcement of promotion bans. Given the improvement of tobacco control message on smoking risk brought by tobacco promotions, the publicity and dissemination of tobacco control information need to be consistently strengthened.

The effects of tobacco control policies on retailer sales to minors in the USA, 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongying Dai ◽  
Jianqiang Hao
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
State Level ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Inspection Data

BackgroundUnder the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been routinely inspecting tobacco retailers' compliance with under-age sales laws. We seek to identify factors associated with Retail Violation Rate for sale to minors (RVRm).MethodsWe collected the tobacco retailer inspection data for 2015 from the FDA compliance check database. RVRm was calculated at the census tract level and overlaid with tobacco regulations and youth smoking prevalence at the state level. Multi-level spatial analysis was performed to examine the impacts of tobacco jurisdiction variations, youth smoking rates and neighbourhood social characteristics on RVRm.ResultsA total of 136 816 compliance checks involving minors conducted by the FDA in 2015 were analysed. A higher RVRm was associated with higher youth smoking prevalence (aRR=1.04, p<0.0001). Tobacco regulations show significant relationships with RVRm. For every one dollar increase in cigarette tax per pack, the likelihood of retail violations was reduced by 2% (aRR=0.98, p=0.03). For every 10% increase in tobacco prevention spending towards Centers for Disease Control recommended funding targets, the likelihood of retail violations was reduced by 1% (aRR=0.99, p=0.01). RVRm increased in states that enacted stronger smoke-free air policies (aRR=1.08, p<0.0001).ConclusionWe observed associations of tobacco regulations and neighbourhood social characteristics with tobacco retailers’ compliance with under-age sales laws. This study provides evidence to support stronger tobacco regulations and control policies in reducing youth access to tobacco products.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study Examining Youth Smoking Rates and Correlates in Tbilisi, Georgia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla J. Berg ◽  
Ana Aslanikashvili ◽  
Mamuka Djibuti
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Youth Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Smoking

Georgia has high smoking rates; however, little is known about the prevalence and correlates of youth smoking. We conducted a secondary data analysis of a 2010 cross-sectional survey of 1,879 secondary and postsecondary school students aged 15 to 24 years in Tbilisi, Georgia, examining substance use, perceived risk, and recreational activities in relation to lifetime and current (past 30 days) smoking. Lifetime and current smoking prevalence was 46.1% and 22.6%, respectively. In secondary schools, lifetime smoking correlates included being male, consuming alcohol, lifetime marijuana use, and lower perceived risk (P’s ≤ .001). Correlates of current smoking among lifetime smokers included being male, consuming alcohol, lifetime marijuana use, lower perceived risk, less frequently exercise, and more often going out (P’s < .05). In postsecondary schools, lifetime smoking correlates included being male, consuming alcohol, lifetime marijuana use, lower perceived risk, more often going out, and recreational internet use (P’s < .0). Correlates of current smoking among lifetime smokers included being male (P’s = .04), consuming alcohol, marijuana use, lower perceived risk, and more often going out (P’s < .05). Tobacco control interventions might target these correlates to reduce smoking prevalence in Georgian youth.

scholarly journals Factors influencing smoking behaviour of online ride-hailing drivers in China: a cross-sectional analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlin Chen ◽  
Xuefei Gu ◽  
Tingting Li ◽  
Qiaoyan Liu ◽  
Lirong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Tobacco Control Policies

Abstract Background Online ride-hailing is a fast-developing new travel mode. However, tobacco control policies on its drivers remain underdeveloped. This study aims to reveal the status and determine the influencing factors of ride-hailing drivers’ smoking behaviour to provide a basis for the formulation of tobacco control policies. Methods We derived our cross-sectional data from an online survey of full-time ride-hailing drivers in China. We used a survey questionnaire to collect variables, including sociodemographic and work-related characteristics, health status, health behaviour, health literacy and smoking status. Finally, we analysed the influencing factors of current smoking by conducting chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 8990 ride-hailing drivers have participated in the survey, in which 5024 were current smokers, accounting to 55.9%. Nearly one-third of smokers smoked in their cars (32.2%). The logistic regression analysis results were as follows: male drivers (OR = 0.519, 95% CI [0.416, 0.647]), central regions (OR = 1.172, 95% CI [1.049, 1.309]) and eastern regions (OR = 1.330, 95% CI [1.194, 1.480]), working at both daytime and night (OR = 1.287, 95% CI [1.164, 1.424]) and non-fixed time (OR = 0.847, 95% CI [0.718, 0.999]), ages of 35–54 years (OR = 0.585, 95% CI [0.408, 0.829]), current drinker (OR = 1.663, 95% CI [1.526, 1.813]), irregular eating habits (OR = 1.370, 95% CI [1.233, 1.523]), the number of days in a week of engaging in at least 10 min of moderate or vigorous exercise ≥3 (OR = 0.752, 95% CI [0.646, 0.875]), taking the initiative to acquire health knowledge occasionally (OR = 0.882, 95% CI [0.783, 0.992]) or frequently (OR = 0.675, 95% CI [0.591, 0.770]) and underweight (OR = 1.249, 95% CI [1.001, 1.559]) and overweight (OR = 0.846, 95% CI [0.775, 0.924]) have association with the prevalence of current smoking amongst online ride-hailing drivers. Conclusion The smoking rate of ride-hailing drivers was high. Sociodemographic and work-related characteristics and health-related factors affected their smoking behaviour. Psychological and behavioural interventions can promote smoking control management and encourage drivers to quit or limit smoking. Online car-hailing companies can also establish a complaint mechanism combined with personal credit.

Internalisierende Symptome bei depressiven Jugendlichen

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Gander ◽  
Anna Buchheim
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Probability Scale ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Aggressives Verhalten ◽  
Soziale Probleme ◽  
Suicide Probability Scale ◽  
Körperliche Beschwerden ◽  
Angst Und Depressivität

Fragestellung: Um die Effektivität von Lehrerausbildungsprogrammen zu verbessern, ist es wichtig die unterschiedlichen Manifestationsformen der Depression bei jugendlichen Schüler und Schülerinnen gründlicher zu analysieren. Diese Studie untersucht die Ausprägung und Häufigkeit internalisierender Auffälligkeiten bei Jugendlichen mit depressiver Symptomatik und deren Zusammenhang zu einem erhöhten Suizidrisiko. Methodik: Mit dem Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale-2, dem Youth Self-Report und dem Suicide Probability Scale wurden 403 Jugendliche an österreichischen allgemeinbildenden höheren Schulen (212 Mädchen und 191 Buben) im Alter zwischen 16 und 18 Jahren untersucht. Ergebnisse: 35 %, also über ein Drittel der Jugendlichen mit depressiven Symptomen, liegen zwar im internalisierend auffälligen Bereich, jedoch zeigen sie keine Auffälligkeiten im externalisierenden Bereich. Anhand der Regressionsanalyse zeigte sich, dass im internalisierenden Bereich insbesondere körperliche Beschwerden, Angst und Depressivität ausgeprägt sind. Neben diesen deuten aber auch Aufmerksamkeitsprobleme und schizoid zwanghaftes Verhalten auf eine depressive Symptomatik hin. Hinsichtlich des Suizidrisikos sind Depressivität, Angst, schizoid zwanghaftes Verhalten, soziale Probleme und aggressives Verhalten prädiktiv. Schlussfolgerungen: Diese Studienergebnisse werden im Zusammenhang mit bereits bestehenden Studien zur Erkennung von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im schulischen Kontext diskutiert. Durch die Integration der Ergebnisse in Aus- und Fortbildung von Lehrpersonen soll eine Sensibilisierung auf den Bereich depressiver Jugendlicher mit internalisierenden Symptomen ermöglicht und die Identifikation erleichtert werden.

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