scholarly journals PSXII-1 Effects of early weaning on feed intake, growth performance, and diarrhea rate of Hu lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
Shiqin Wang ◽  
Qiyu Diao ◽  
Kai Cui ◽  
Yanliang Bi ◽  
Naifeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Weaning Stress

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of early weaning on growth performance, feed intake and diarrhea rate of Hu lambs, and establish the experimental model of early weaning stress in lambs. A total of 60 neonatal male Hu lambs were randomly allotted into 10 pens and 6 lambs in each pen with their ewes. Five pens of lambs were weaned at 21days of age as early weaning group (EW group), and the other 5 pens of lambs were remained with their ewes as control group (CON group). Body weight (BW) were recorded at birth (d0) and at d7, 14, 21, 22, 24, 26, 28, 35,42 and 49 after birth. Solid feed intake of lambs in each pen was recorded and diarrhea incidence was also monitored on daily basis. Data was analyzed using the MIXED model of SAS, and statistical significance was determined at P < 0.05. There was no difference in BW at birth and d21 between the two groups of lambs (P > 0.05). However, BW and average daily gain (ADG) of the lambs in EW group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P < 0.01) since weaning. Solid feed intake of the lambs in EW group were obviously higher than that in CON group (P < 0.01). In addition, the diarrhea rate was significantly higher than that in CON group from d21 to d35 (P < 0.01). The results indicated that lambs weaned at d21 showed strong stress response by significantly decreasing in BW and ADG, and had more feed intake but higher diarrhea rate. Future study is warranted to determine the changes in gut microbiota and barrier function to assess the mechanism of early weaning on health status and growth performance of lambs, and to investigate nutritional intervention methods to alleviate weaning stress.

Effect of dietary magnesium supplementation in alleviating stress associated with road transportation in weaned lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Pye ◽  
R. E. Doyle ◽  
M. A. Friend ◽  
M. S. Bhanugopan
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Road Transportation

Magnesium (Mg) supplementation has shown to modulate the stress responses to transport in other species. An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of Mg for alleviating stress associated with road transportation in lambs. Two groups (n = 18 each) of 4-month old male crossbred lambs (24 ± 4.5 kg) were fed a basal diet comprising oaten hay, pellets and barley, that contained 0.17% Mg. One group was supplemented with magnesium oxide, such that dietary Mg was 0.41%. At the end of the 2-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 8 h. Blood samples were collected before supplementation, 1 h before transport, within 0.5 h post-transport, at 2 h post-transport and 5 days post-transport. Data were analysed using a repeated-measure analysis of variance and linear mixed model with treatment within time interaction. Supplementation with dietary Mg in the form of MgO increased serum Mg concentrations (1.16 mmol/L ± 0.012, compared with 1.09 mmol/L ± 0.013 in the control group; P < 0.05), but had no effect on alleviating stress during transportation. Transport resulted in a significant increase in serum cortisol, which returned to pre-transport levels 2 h after transport. The serum β-hydroxybutyrate was significantly higher 5 days after transport. The post-transport average feed intake and the average daily gain were significantly lower than pre-transport values, suggesting that the stress of transportation resulted in a decrease in feed intake post-transport, which could have implications on liveweight gain of animals after transportation.

scholarly journals Effect of Replacing Dietary Corn with Broken Rice on Goose Growth Performance, Body Size and Bare Skin Color

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoshuai Chen ◽  
Haiming Yang ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Xiaoli Wan ◽  
Zhiyue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broken Rice ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Similar Body

This study investigated the effect of replacing dietary corn with broken rice (BR) on goose growth performance, body size and bare skin color. In total, 240 28-day-old healthy male Yangzhou goslings with similar body weight (BW) were randomly divided into five groups, with six replicates per group and eight geese per replicate. The control group was fed with a corn-soybean meal. The BR25, BR50, BR75 and BR100 groups had 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of corn replaced with BR, respectively (corresponding to 15.95%, 31.88%, 47.63% and 62.92% of BR in the feed, respectively), each with constant metabolizable energy (ME) to crude protein (CP) ratio (ME/CP). At 28, 42, 56 and 70 d, BW and feed intake for each pen were measured. Blood was collected, and body size and bare skin color were evaluated at 70 d. The results showed that different BR replacement proportions had no effect on BW at 42, 56 or 70 d or on average daily feed intake (ADFI) or average daily gain (ADG) from 28 to 42 d (p > 0.05) but BR50 and BR75 decreased the feed/gain ratio (F/G) from 28 to 42 d (p < 0.05). From 42 to 56 d, BR75 and BR100 geese had a lower ADFI than the control geese (p < 0.05), and BR75 and BR100 geese had a lower F/G than the BR25 geese (p < 0.05). Group BR50, BR75 and BR100 geese had a lower ADFI from 56 to 70 d than the control geese (p < 0.05). From 28 to 70 d, BR50, BR75 and BR100 groups had a lower ADFI (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the control and BR25 groups had a higher flipper score than the BR50, BR75 and BR100 groups (p < 0.05), and the control group had a higher flipper score than the BR25 group (p < 0.05). All BR groups reduced the bill scoring (p < 0.05). Different BR replacement proportions did not negatively affect serum biochemical variable at 70 d (p > 0.05). Overall, under these conditions, BR can totally replace corn in goose diets, and we recommend 75% replacement of corn with BR from 28 to 70 d.

scholarly journals Effects of sweetener sucralose on diet preference, growth performance and hematological and biochemical parameters of weaned piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 802-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwei Zhang ◽  
Holden He ◽  
Limin Gong ◽  
Wenqing Lai ◽  
Bing Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Health State ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Diet Preference

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sucralose on diet preference and growth performance of weaned piglets, and a third experiment was a 28-d safety study to examine if high-dose sucralose could affect the health state of weaned piglets.Methods: In experiment one, 48 piglets had free access to a corn-soybean based diet and the same diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg sucralose for 15 d. In experiment two, 180 piglets were blocked into 5 treatments with 6 replications. They were fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 mg/kg sucralose for 28 days. In experiment three, 108 piglets were randomly assigned to 3 treatments and fed diets supplemented with 0, 150 (suitable level), and 1,500 (ten-fold suitable level) mg/kg sucralose for 28 d.Results: The experiment 1 showed that piglets preferred (p<0.05) diets containing sucralose during experimental period. In experiment 2, piglets fed a diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg sucralose had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than pigs in the control group and other treatment groups during the experiment period. The concentrations of sucralose over 150 mg/kg may decrease feed intake. However, no difference in feed conversion ratio was observed. In experiment 3, piglets fed diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg sucralose had a higher ADG and ADFI than that of pigs in the control group and 1,500 mg/kg treatment groups during the experiment period. Clinical blood metabolites, organ index and histological morphology were not significantly different between sucralose treatments.Conclusion: Sucralose can promote feed intake and thereby improve growth performance of weaned piglets. Moreover, inclusion of 1,500 mg/kg sucralose was demonstrated to have no observed adverse effects. Supplementing 150 mg/kg sucralose for weaned piglets is recommended in this study.

scholarly journals Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Sabrin Abdelrahman Morshedy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelmodather ◽  
Mohamed M. Basyony ◽  
Soliman A. Zahran ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation of gEGF on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1394
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zhou ◽  
Jingyi Yao ◽  
Luhong Bai ◽  
Chuansong Sun ◽  
Jianjun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Growth Of Animals

EGF has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. In this study, the content of EGF in chicken embryos (gallus EGF, gEGF) aged from 1 to 20 days of incubation were determined by ELISA kit, and the 5-day-old chicken embryos with the highest content of 5593 pg/g were selected to make gEGF crude extracts. A total of 1500 1-day-old Xianju chickens were randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of 50 chickens each. The control group was fed a basal diet, and other treatment diets were supplemented with 4, 8, 16 and 32 ng/kg gEGF crude extract, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days. Chicks were harvested at the end of the experiment, and liver, spleen, thymus, bursa and serum samples were collected. Results showed that average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of 16 ng/kg group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The serum uric acid (UA) of the 16 ng/kg group was reduced (p < 0.01), and the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) of the 16 ng/kg group increased (p < 0.01). The gEGF extract also increased chick’s antioxidant capacity, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased catalase (CAT) in the liver and serum of 16 ng/kg groups in compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, immunity was improved by the addition of gEGF to broiler diets. The serum immunoglobin A (IgA) content of 8 and 16 ng/kg groups and the serum immunoglobin M (IgM) content of 4 and 8 ng/kg groups were increased (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. The bursa index of each experimental group was higher than the control group (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the crude extract of gEGF prepared in this experiment could improve the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity of broilers.

scholarly journals Impact of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, feed intake, and carcass traits of finishing steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1162-1172
Author(s):  
Tassilo Brand ◽  
Martin Hünerberg ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Maolong He ◽  
Atef M Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Steers

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom [DA]; Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, fatty acid composition, and liver abscesses of finishing steers. One hundred twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d feeding experiment. Steers were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 12 pens with 10 steers per pen. Each pen was allocated to one of three diets. Each diet contained 86.5% barley, 10.0% barley silage, and 3.5% vitamin and mineral supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets contained 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g DA/kg complete diet (DM basis), to achieve average daily DA intakes of 0 (control), 0.5 (LowDA), and 1.0 g (HighDA) per steer. Diets were prepared once daily and provided ad libitum. Two pens per treatment were equipped to record individual feed intake behavior. Steers were weighed every 28 d and carcass traits and liver scores were recorded at slaughter. Dry matter intake (average: 9.34 kg/d) did not differ (P &gt; 0.05) among diets. Average daily gain tended to increase linearly as DA increased (control: 1.82; LowDA: 1.87; and HighDA: 1.95 kg/d; P &lt; 0.09), but gain:feed ratio was not affected. Supplementation of DA affected longissimus muscle area quadratically (P = 0.05) with the largest area observed for LowDA. However, dressing percentage decreased linearly in response to increasing level of DA (P &lt; 0.01). Total abscessed livers were not affected, whereas proportion of severe liver abscesses was numerically lower with DA (30.8% and 42.5% for LowDA and HighDA) compared to the control (50%).

Combined administration of bacteriocin- -producing, probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 with Eleutherococcus senticosus and their effect in rabbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pogány Simonová ◽  
A. Lauková ◽  
L. Chrastinová ◽  
I. Plachá ◽  
V. Strompfová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Eleutherococcus Senticosus ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
And Control

Abstract The effect of Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 (EF) - enterocin-producing and probiotic strain of rabbit origin, Eleutherococcus senticosus extract (ES) and their combination (ES+EF) was determined on selected bacteria in faeces and caecum content, leukocytes phagocytosis, blood biochemistry and growth performance. Ninety-six weaned rabbits were divided into 3 experimental (ES, EF, ES+EF) and control group (CG). The rabbits in the groups ES and EF+ES were fed commercial diet enriched with E. senticosus extract (30 g/100 kg feed), rabbits in groups EF and CG were fed untreated diet. The rabbits in the EF and ES+EF groups were administered with an overnight culture of E. faecium CCM7420 strain (500 μl/animal/day into water, 109 CFU/ml). The treatment period lasted 21 days. The microbiological examinations in faecal samples confirmed the presence of E. faecium CCM7420 strain. In groups EF and ES+EF, the reduction of faecal coliforms, Pseudomonas-like sp., Clostridium-like sp. and S. aureus was recorded. Leucocyte phagocytosis significantly increased in all experimental groups (P<0.0001) compared to CG. The lowest GPx values were measured in the ES+EF group. Higher total protein, triglycerides and calcium concentrations were detected in experimental groups compared to CG. The cholesterol concentration decreased in the ES group. The highest average daily gain was recorded in EF group; in ES+EF the better feed conversion ratio and no mortality was recorded. These results indicated that the dietary supplementation with the E. faecium CCM7420 and E. senticosus extract stimulate the leukocytes phagocytosis and reduces the potential pathogens in rabbits digestive tract without oxidative stress and improve the growth performance.

scholarly journals Effect of colistin and tylosin used as feed additives on the performance, diarrhea incidence, and immune response of nursery pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Mazutti ◽  
Leandro Batista Costa ◽  
Lígia Valéria Nascimento ◽  
Tobias Fernandes Filho ◽  
Breno Castello Branco Beirão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

For the last several decades, antimicrobial compounds have been used as feed additives to promote piglet growth at weaning, through the prevention of subclinical and clinical disease. However, few studies have assessed the influence of these antibiotics on the immune response of nursery pigs, as well as the relation between performance, health, and immunity of animals that receive feed additives. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of colistin and tylosin when used as feed additives on the performance, incidence of diarrhea, and immune response of nursery pigs. In this study, 72 weaned pigs (average age, 28 days) were allotted into one of three treatment groups: a control group (feed with no antibiotics), tylosin group (feed containing 22 ppm tylosin), and colistin group (feed containing 20 ppm colistin). Weekly, during a five week period, the average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of the pigs were evaluated. Stools were scored daily, in accordance with a fecal texture scale. Blood samples were collected on the day of housing (d0) and on d7, d21, d28, and d35 for immune cell phenotyping. The results of this study showed that piglets in both the colistin and tylosin groups exhibited a significantly higher average daily feed intake, resulting in a higher body weight at the end of the experimental period (d35) when compared with piglets from the control group. Colistin and tylosin also significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea. Colistin and tylosin modulated the piglets’ immune responses, particularly on d28, by changing the percentage of circulating B lymphocytes, CD4+CD8+ T cells, and the CD4:CD8 ratio.

scholarly journals Nigerian Fulani ecotype chickens - I – Growth performance under two production systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. R. Sanusi ◽  
 S. O.  Oseni
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Difference

The rearing of indigenous chickens is an integral part of the smallholder farming systems in  developing countries, where they are kept by the rural poor to satisfy multiple functions Thus,  the growth performance of Nigerian Fulani ecotype chicken (NFEC) under intensive and  pastured poultry production systems was evaluated. Two hundred, day-old chicks of Nigerian  Fulani ecotype chicken (NFEC) were obtained. The chickens were separated randomly to  intensive and pastured poultry production systems at 12 weeks of age. Data on body weight  ® were taken weekly from day-old to 20 weeks. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS at statistical significance level of P<0.05. Results showed significant effect of sex of chicken  th th from the 10 to the 20 week of age (P<0.05). Significant interaction effect was observed  between sex and production system at weeks 16 and 18 (P<0.05) when the male chickens  under the intensive production system outpaced their male counterparts in the pastured  poultry. Average daily gain for the period of 20 weeks was 6.83g and 9.21g for female and  male chickens, respectively. Weight gain pattern across weeks was not uniform. There was no  significant difference in the growth rate in the two production systems (P>0.05). The study  revealed that little disparity exists in growth performance of NFEC under the pastured and  deep-litter production systems. 

scholarly journals 19 Effects of glutathione on growth performance and intestinal health of piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Xianyong Ma ◽  
Zhimei Tian ◽  
Yiyan Cui ◽  
Zhichang Liu ◽  
Huijie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Large White ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Villous Height ◽  
Mucosal Morphology

Abstract Object: The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of glutathione (GSH) on growth performance and intestinal health of piglets. Methods: A total of 180 piglets of 21-day-old (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group was fed a standard diet based on NRC 2012. The treatment group 1 - 4 was supplemented with 50, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg GSH. The experiment lasted 28 days. Results: Compared with the control group, 50mg/kg GSH significantly increased the piglet’s skin and gross color, average daily gain (ADG) and decreased feed gain ratio (F/G) (P &lt; 0.05), while the effect of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg GSH was contrary. The supplementation of 50mg/kg GSH significantly increased the mucosal villi height, the ratio of villous height to crypt depth (VH/CD) and decreased the crypt depth (P &lt; 0.05) in duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P &lt; 0.05), while the effect of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg GSH was contrary; The supplementation of 50mg/kg GSH decreased the concentration of triglyceride in plasma (P &lt; 0.05); The supplementation of 50, 100, 200, 400mg/kg GSH had no effect on the antioxidative indexes of blood, but 400mg/kg GSH increased the activities of T-AOC, GSH, SOD and decreased MDA content in jejunum and ileum; 400mg/kg GSH increased the content of T-SOD in liver (P &lt; 0.05), while 50mg/kg GSH had no effect on SOD, GSH-PX, GSH-SOD in intestine and liver (P &gt; 0.05). 50mg/kg GSH significantly increased T-AOC activity and decreased MDA content in muscle (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation of 50mg/kg GSH in piglets` diet was the most appropriate and it could significantly improve skin and gross color, growth performance and intestinal mucosal morphology, it also increased the antioxidation ability in muscle of piglets.

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