Breast Arterial Calcifications on Mammography: A Survey of Practicing Radiologists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Collado-Mesa ◽  
Monica M Yepes ◽  
Kristopher Arheart
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Training Practice ◽  
Question Survey

Abstract Objective To explore current practice patterns of reporting and issuing recommendations based on the presence of breast arterial calcifications on mammography and existing knowledge of their prevalence and associated factors. Methods An online anonymous 19-question survey was distributed to 2583 practicing radiologists who were members of the Society of Breast Imaging. Questions covered demographics, breast imaging training, practice type, and knowledge regarding the epidemiology and potential clinical significance of breast arterial calcifications detected on mammograms. Differences between groups were calculated using the chi-square test or Fisher exact test. An α level of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Results Response rate was 22% (364/1662). The median age of respondents was 51 years (range: 29–76) and most were female (248/323, 77%). The most prevalent characteristics among respondents were as follows: 69% (223/323) had completed a breast imaging fellowship, 55% (179/323) were in private practice, 49% (158/323) practiced dedicated breast imaging, and 38% (124/323) had been in practice for more than 20 years. The prevalence of breast arterial calcifications was correctly estimated to be 1%–30% by 39% (125/323) of respondents. Most respondents correctly recognized the growing evidence of an association between breast arterial calcifications and coronary artery disease (275/323, 85%). However, only 15% (48/323) always reported the presence of these calcifications, and of those who report them at any time, only 0.7% (2/274) always issued recommendations. Conclusion There are differences in both knowledge of the epidemiology of breast arterial calcifications and practices around their reporting amongst breast radiologists.

scholarly journals Sero-Surveillance of Brucellosis in Cattle of Chitwan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Sabita Subedi ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Bhojan Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Social Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

A cross sectional study was conducted in Eastern and Western parts of Chitwan district from November 2015 to April, 2016  in two parts, the social study followed by biological to determine and compare the prevalence, distribution of antibodies, and level of awareness of farmers  against Brucella abortus in cattle of the two regions of same district. Altogether blood samples of 92 cattle were taken for detection of Brucella antibodies by using RBPT test and the positive samples were further retested by Indirect ELISA test through ID Vet iELISA kit 2016. The samples which showed positive on both tests were confirmed as seropositive. Chi -square test and Fisher Exact test was used to find out the association between various variables. The result showed that 14.13% (13/92) and 10.86% (10/92) sample were positive by RBPT and iELISA test respectively. There was no significant prevalence differences (p>0.05) on location, age group, breed type, and method of service (artificial and natural) used in cattle. Comparing abortion with prevalence of Brucellosis, there was significant differences (p<0.05) in the result of both RBPT and iELISA test. Inferring from this result, there is association between the abortion and occurrence of Brucellosis. The higher significant prevalence differences (p<0.01) was according to the time of abortion where higher seropositivity was obtained in the cattle aborted on 5-7th month of pregnancy and cattle of 3rd parity. The study showed the existence of Brucellosis in Chitwan district with no adoption of any preventive measures against this disease, so here is current need of the strategies for its prevention and control in order to mitigate such overwhelming situation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 365-371

scholarly journals Evaluation of Potential Modifiers of the Palatal Phenotype in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Driscoll ◽  
Torrey Boland ◽  
Beverly S. Emanuel ◽  
Richard E. Kirschner ◽  
Don LaRossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tentative Evidence

Objective To evaluate potential modifiers of the palatal phenotype in individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Design Data from 356 subjects enrolled in a study of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome were used to evaluate potential modifiers of the palatal phenotype. Specifically, subjects with and without velopharyngeal inadequacy and/or structural malformations of the palate were compared with respect to gender, race, and genotype for variants of seven genes that may influence palatal development. Methods The chi-square test or Fisher exact test was used to evaluate the association between palatal phenotype and each potential modifier. Odds ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals were used to measure the magnitude of the association between palatal phenotype, subject gender and race, and each of the bi-allelic variants. Results The palatal phenotype observed in individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome was significantly associated with both gender and race. In addition, there was tentative evidence that the palatal phenotype may be influenced by variation within the gene that encodes methionine synthase. Conclusions Variation in the palatal phenotype observed between individuals with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome may be related to personal characteristics such as gender and race as well as variation within genes that reside outside of the 22q11.2 region.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Antibiotik untuk Penanganan Ulkus dan Gangren Diabetikum Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Riyan Stiyanto ◽  
Iin Suhesti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Patient ◽  
Therapeutic Outcome ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Penyakit Diabetes melitus yang tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menyebabkan komplikasi dan membahayakan kehidupan pengidapnya. Salah satu komplikasi diabetik yang sering terjadi adalah neuropati (kerusakan syaraf) di kaki yang menyebabkan ulkus kaki, infeksi, dan bahkan keharusan untuk amputasi kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persentase penggunaan antibiotika empiris yang rasional serta pengaruhnya terhadap outcome terapi pada pasien Diabetes melitus dengan ulkus dan gangren di RSUD Dr Moewardi Surakarta dan RSUD Bagas Waras Klaten. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pengambilan data pada penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif dan prospektif selama periode Januari sampai Agustus 2018. Ketidakrasionalan penggunaan antibiotika empiris dievaluasi dengan metode Gyssens. Sebanyak 36 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi 75% pasien mendapatkan terapi antibiotika empiris yang rasional dan 25% pasien mendapatkan terapi antibiotika empiris yang tidak rasional. Uji Chi Square dengan taraf kepercayaan 5% (p < 0,05) digunakan untuk membandingkan rasionalitas pengunaan antibiotika terhadap outcome terapi. Hasil Fisher’s Exact Test (Two Tailed) menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan/pengaruh antara rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotika empiris dengan outcome terapi tetapi pemberian antibiotika empiris tidak berpengaruh pada angka leukosit bagi pasien, baik di RSUD Bagas Waras Klaten maupun RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta.Diabetes mellitus that is not managed properly can cause complications to endanger life. One of the diabetic complications that often occurs is foot neuropathy (nerve damage) inducing foot ulcers, infections, and even the necessity for a leg amputation. This study aims to determine the percentage of rational use of empirical antibiotics and their effects on outcomes therapy of diabetes mellitus patient with ulcers and gangrene in RSUD dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta and Bagas Waras Hospital Klaten. This study is an observational study with data collection in the study carried out retrospectively and prospectively from January to August 2018. The irrationality of using empirical antibiotics evaluated by the Gyssens method. Thirty six patients were enrolled and 75% of them treated with rational and empirical antibiotic therapy,. Chi-Square Test with a confidence level of 5% (p <0.05) used to compare the rationality of antibiotic use to the therapeutic outcome, the results of the Fisher Exact Test (Two-Tailed) indicated that there were relationship/influence between the rationality of using empirical antibiotics and outcomes therapy, but there was no influence between the rationality of using empirical antibiotics and leucocyte both in RSUD Bagas Waras Klaten and RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, therapeutic outcome, empirical antibiotic rationality

scholarly journals Pap Test Practice and Barriers of Nurses in Bandung, West Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Putu Inge Ruth Suantika ◽  
Yanti Hermayanti ◽  
Titis Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
West Java ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nurses Perceptions

The lack of interest from the public and health workers, such as nurses to carry out a pap test, is one of the triggers of cervical cancer cases. The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of pap tests and barriers of nurses in Bandung, West Java. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive study design with a sample of 286 married nurses. Data collection was conducted during two months. The analysis was conducted by the Fisher exact test or chi-square test. The results showed that the level of education and religion had a significant relationship with the pap test behavior (p= 0,000; p= 0.031). The most perceived barrier was that respondents felt uncomfortable with the male examiners. So it was recommended to provide female examiners in the ob-gyn section in the hospitals and to improve the nurses' perceptions with pap test. Keywords: barrier, nurse, pap smear, practice Abstrak Perilaku dan hambatan pap smear pada perawat di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Fenomena yang terjadi pada kasus kanker serviks adalah minimnya minat dari masyarakat bahkan petugas kesehatan seperti perawat untuk melakukan pap smear sebagai bentuk pencegahan kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pelaksanaan pap smear serta hambatannya pada perawat di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel 286 perawat yang sudah menikah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Februari hingga Maret 2018. Analisis menggunakan fisher exact test atau chi-square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan agama memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku pap smear (p= 0.000; p= 0.0301). Hambatan yang paling dirasakan adalah responden merasa kurang nyaman dengan pemeriksa laki-laki sehingga direkomendasikan untuk penyediaan pemeriksa perempuan pada bagian obgyn di rumah sakit serta memperbaiki persepsi perawat yang salah terhadap pap smear.  Kata Kunci: hambatan, pap smear, perawat, perilaku

scholarly journals FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENURUNAN NAFSU MAKAN PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISIS (Studi Kasus di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Umi Faza ◽  
Dyah Umiyarni Purnamasari ◽  
Saryono Yono
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract  The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy. This study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional design. Population of this study was CKD outpatients undergoing hemodialysis therapy in July- August 2016 in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospitals. Amount of 58 subjects taken by consecutive sampling. Appetite, sex, age, length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomiting, and depression were measured using questionnaire. Subjects who diminished appetite were 58,6%. More than half subjects were male (56,9%). Amount of 84,5% subjects were adults (19-59 years), 63,8% undergoing hemodialysis >1year, 39,7% experienced nausea/ vomiting and 53,4% were depression. Based on Chi-Square Test/ Fisher Exact Test, diminished appetite significantly associated with length of hemodialysis (p=0,041), frequency of nausea/vomiting (p=0,014), and depression (p=0,002). Dominant factors affected diminished appetite were depression and length of hemodialysis. Diminished appetite in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy associated with length of hemodialysis, frequency of nausea/vomit, and depression. Keyword : appetite, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysi  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pasien GGK rawat jalan yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis pada bulan Juli- Agustus 2016 di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Sebanyak 58 subjek diambil dengan cara consecutive sampling. Nafsu makan, jenis kelamin, usia, lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Responden yang mengalami penurunan nafsu makan sebanyak 58,6%. Lebih dari separuh responden (56,9%) berjenis kelamin laki- laki dan 84,5% responden berusia dewasa (19-59 tahun). Sebanyak 63,8% responden menjalani hemodialisis >1tahun. Responden yang mengalami mual/muntah berat sebanyak 39,7% dan 53,4% mengalami depresi. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi- Square/ Fisher Exact diperoleh hasil bahwa nafsu makan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan lama hemodialisis (p=0,041), frekuensi mual/ muntah (p=0,014), dan depresi (p=0,002). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi penurunan nafsu makan adalah depresi dan lama hemodialisis. Penurunan nafsu makan pada pasien GGK yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis berhubungan dengan lama hemodialisis, frekuensi mual/muntah, dan depresi. Kata kunci : gagal ginjal, hemodialisa, nafsu makan  

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG IMUNISASI DENGAN KELENGKAPAN PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BAYI DI POSYANDU KELURAHAN PANIKI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ONDONG KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO

e-NERS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Revy Sarame ◽  
A. Y. Ismanto ◽  
Abram Babakal
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Immunization is the vaccine into the body in the form of weakened germs that cause the body to produce antibodies but not cause disease, even children become immune.  The research objective was to determine the relationship of maternal knowledge about immunization with complete basic immunization in infants at IHC Health Center Village Paniki working area Ondong Tagulandang Biaro Siau Islands District . The study design was cross sectional method and using Chi-Square test on the value of the Fisher Exact Test. The study was conducted on 32 mothers of infants aged 9-12 months. Sampling with a total sampling instrument in the form of a questionnaire study to determine the motherʾs knowledge and KMS (Card Towards Health) to determine the completeness of immunization. The analysis shows there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge about immunization with complete basic immunization in infants (p = 0,000). Conclusion that mothers with a good knowledge of immunization will do complete basic immunization in children compared to mothers with less knowledge about immunization. Keywords: Knowledge mother, Completed Basic Immunization.   Abstrak: Imunisasi  adalah pemberian vaksin ke dalam tubuh berupa bibit penykit  yang  dilemahkan yang menyebabkan tubuh memproduksi antibodi tetapi tidak menimbulkan penyakit, bahkan anak menjadi kebal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui  hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan pemberian imunisasi dasar pada bayi di Posyandu Kelurahan Paniki wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ondong Kabupaten Kepulauan Siau Tagulandang Biaro. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross Sectional dan menggunakan  uji Chi-Square pada nilai Fisher Exact Test. Penelitian dilakukan pada 32 ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 9-12 bulan. Pengambilan sampel secara total sampling dengan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu dan KMS (Kartu Menuju Sehat) untuk mengetahui kelengkapan imunisasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan  terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan pemberian imunisasi dasar pada bayi (p=0.000). Kesimpulan yaitu ibu dengan pengetahuan tentang imunisasi yang baik akan melakukan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anaknya dibandingkan ibu dengan  pengetahuan tentang imunisasi yang kurang. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan ibu, Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar.

scholarly journals Labor stimulation with oxytocin: effects on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa ◽  
María Hidalgo-Maestre ◽  
María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the effects of labor stimulation with oxytocin on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Method: descriptive and analytical study with 338 women who gave birth at a tertiary hospital. Obstetric and neonatal variables were measured and compared in women submitted and non-submitted to stimulation with oxytocin. Statistics were performed using Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, Student t-test; and crude Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval were calculated. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: stimulation with oxytocin increases the rates of cesarean sections, epidural anesthesia and intrapartum maternal fever in primiparous and multiparous women. It has also been associated with low pH values of umbilical cord blood and with a shorter duration of the first stage of labor in primiparous women. However, it did not affect the rates of 3rd and 4th degree perineal lacerations, episiotomies, advanced neonatal resuscitation, 5-minute Apgar scores and meconium. Conclusion: stimulation with oxytocin should not be used systematically, but only in specific cases. These findings provide further evidence to health professionals and midwives on the use of oxytocin during labor. Under normal conditions, women should be informed of the possible effects of labor stimulation with oxytocin.

scholarly journals Congenital Missing Permanent Teeth in Korean Unilateral Cleft Lip and Alveolus and Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hak Baek ◽  
Na-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tooth Type

Abstract Objective: To investigate the differences in the congenital missing teeth pattern in terms of tooth type (permanent maxillary lateral incisor [MLI] and maxillary second premolar [MSP]) and sidedness (cleft vs noncleft) between boys and girls in Korean unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) and unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients. Materials and Methods: This study used the charts, models, radiographs, and intraoral photographs of 90 UCLA patients and 204 UCLP patients (ages 6 to 13 years). Binomial test, chi-square test, Fisher exact test, maximum likelihood analysis of variance, and the odds ratio were performed. Results: According to the relationship between the congenital missing teeth pattern and the cleft type, the UCLP patients had 2.98 times more missing MLIs and 1.80 times more missing MSPs than did the UCLA patients. The MLI was congenitally missing more in boys than in girls, but the MSP showed the opposite tendency. Boys had a higher frequency of congenital missing MLIs and MSPs on the cleft side than did girls. However, on the noncleft side and both sides, girls had a higher frequency of congenital missing MLIs and MSPs than did boys. Results showed a gender-dominant pattern of congenital missing MLIs and MSPs. Conclusion: These results suggest that gender and cleft type might affect the congenital missing teeth pattern in terms of tooth type and sidedness.

scholarly journals A National Survey to Assess the COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Conspiracy Beliefs, Acceptability, Preference, and Willingness to Pay among the General Population of Pakistan

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Muhammad Subhan Arshad ◽  
Iltaf Hussain ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Khezar Hayat ◽  
Abdul Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants

The current study aims to assess the beliefs of the general public in Pakistan towards conspiracy theories, acceptance, willingness to pay, and preference for the COVID-19 vaccine. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire during January 2021. The Chi-square test or Fisher exact test was utilized for statistical data analysis. A total of 2158 respondents completed the questionnaire, among them 1192 (55.2%) were male with 23.87 (SD: ±6.23) years as mean age. The conspiracy beliefs circulating regarding the COVID-19 vaccine were believed by 9.3% to 28.4% of the study participants. Among them, 1040 (48.2%) agreed to vaccinate on its availability while 934 (43.3%) reported the Chinese vaccine as their preference. The conspiracy beliefs of the participants were significantly associated with acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. The existence of conspiracy beliefs and low vaccine acceptance among the general population is a serious threat to successful COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals Correlation between functional staging and DDLS in primary open angle glaucoma patients in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Van Thi Bui ◽  
Thom Thi Vu ◽  
Tung Thanh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Clinically, there are many systems of visual field staging parallel exist. The agreement between glaucoma function and appearance is still uncertain. This study was to compare visual field staging classifications (as function staging) with disc damage likelihood scale (DDLS as appearance staging) in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods: Cross-section study on 55 patients (90 eyes) examined and treated in Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology from 9/2016 – 9/2017. The MD (mean deviation), PSD (pattern standard deviation), VFI (visual field index) indexes were recorded and were used to classify glaucoma staging according to categories of eGSS (enhance glaucoma severity staging), mGSS (modified glaucoma severity staging), HPA (Hoddaps – Palmela – Adersons), AGIS (advance glaucoma intervention study) and DDLS. Using SPSS 16.0 software, statistically significance was tested with proper tests as Chi – square test, Fisher exact test, Kappa (to assess the agreement - disagreement), Spearman Rank (to assess the level of correlation).Results: Mean visual field indexes were -11.49 dB (MD), 5.85 dB (PSD), 74.2% (VFI). Compared to the DDLS, all systems had slight agreement (K < 0.2). The disagreement percentage was highest in eGSS (70%) then followed by mGSS (50%) and HPA (48.9%). In terms of definitive diagnosis, HPA and mGSS showed a substantial agreement (K > 0.6) with AGIS which is higher than that between eGSS and AGIS (retrospectively 0.773 and 0.75 vs 0.399) with p < 0.001. In terms of staging detection, the agreement between HPA &mGSS and AGIS was substantial (K > 0.6) while that between eGSS and AGIS was fair (K < 0.4).Conclusion: mGSS and HPA tend to show the stronger agreement with standard classifications than eGSS. mGSS should be used in clinical practice and research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document