scholarly journals A11 RISK PERCEPTION AND KNOWLEDGE OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
J Zhen ◽  
J Stefanolo ◽  
M Montoro ◽  
L Uscanga ◽  
A Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
General Population ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Related Stress

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CeD) has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections, however, we recently demonstrated that the odds of contracting COVID-19 in patients with CeD is similar to that of the general population. Due to this discrepancy, how patients with CeD perceive their risk may differ from their actual risk. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the risk perceptions for contracting COVID-19 in patients with CeD and to determine the factors that may influence their perceptions. Methods We distributed a survey throughout 10 countries between March and June 2020 and collected data on demographics, diet, COVID-19 testing, and risk perceptions of COVID-19 in patients with CeD. Participants were recruited through various celiac associations, clinic visits, and social media. Risk perception was assessed by asking individuals whether they believe patients with CeD are at an increased risk of contracting COVID-19 compared to the general population. Logistic regression was used to determine the influencing factors associated with COVID-19 risk perception, such as age, sex, adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD), and comorbidities such as cardiac/respiratory conditions and diabetes. Data was presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs). Results A total of 10,737 participants with CeD completed the survey. From them, 6,019 (56.1%) patients with CeD perceived they were at a higher risk or were unsure if they were at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 compared to the non-CeD population. A greater proportion of patients with CeD had high levels of COVID-19 risk perceptions when compared to infections in general (56.1% vs 26.7%; p<0.0001). Consequently, 28.8% reported taking extra COVID-19 precautions as a result of their CeD. Members of celiac associations had lower rates of perceiving an increased risk of COVID-19 when compared to non-members (49.5% vs 57.4%, p<0.0001). Older age (aOR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.9 to 1, p<0.001), male sex (aOR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.94, p=0.001), and strict adherence to a GFD (aOR: 0.89; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.97, p=0.007) were associated with a lower perception of COVID-19 risk. Meanwhile, the presence of comorbidities was associated with a higher perception of COVID-19 risk (aOR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.51, p<0.001). Conclusions Overall, a large proportion of patients with CeD, particularly females, those with comorbidities, or those not adhering to a strict GFD, believed they were or were unsure if they were at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 due to their condition. As high levels of risk perception may increase an individual’s pandemic-related stress and contribute to negative mental health consequences, healthcare providers should maintain consistent communication with the celiac community and provide them with evidence-based recommendations. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals Risk perception regarding the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: a comparative Middle East survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel Hameed Shahin ◽  
Rasha Mohammed Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background People’s perceptions of pandemic-associated risk are key factors contributing to increased public participation in disease preventive measures. The aim of the study was to investigate risk perceptions regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, among the general population. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 723 participants, recruited from the general population of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan. Data collection was performed using a standardized risk perception assessment questionnaire, in April 2020. Results The mean score for the perception of COVID-19 seriousness was significantly higher and the mean scores for the perception of disease susceptibility and extent of anxiety were also higher among Saudi Arabian participants than participants from Egypt and Jordan. Participants from Egypt had significantly lower mean scores for the perception of efficacy and self-efficacy to cope with COVID-19, and significantly lower intention to comply with COVID-19 precautionary measures than the other populations. A significant positive correlation was detected between the perception of COVID-19 seriousness and self-efficacy to handle COVID-19, for the entire sample. The primary reasons reported by participants driving their willingness to perform certain preventive measures against COVID-19 was a feeling of responsibility toward their own health, followed by preventing transmission to other people and the feeling that COVID-19 can be serious. Most of the study sample reported a desire to receive information about COVID-19 treatment, ways to prevent disease contraction, and the incubation period for the novel coronavirus. Also, most of the study sample reported that they prefer receiving COVID-19 updates from national authorities. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, communications designed to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors should focus on increasing the perception of seriousness, the risk perception, self-efficacy to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effectiveness of the adopted behavioral measures for reducing risk. Health education programs that are tailored to various sociodemographic categories, to improve public awareness, perceptions, and attitudes, are vital for increasing the adoption of outbreak preventive measures.

scholarly journals Influence of trust on two different risk perceptions as an affective and cognitive dimension during Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea: serial cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e033026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Mo Jang ◽  
Un-Na Kim ◽  
Deok Hyun Jang ◽  
Hyemin Jung ◽  
Sanghyun Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Middle East ◽  
General Population ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Risk ◽  
Household Economic Status ◽  
The Government

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the affective and cognitive risk perceptions in the general population of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) during the 2015 MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea and the influencing factors.DesignSerial cross-sectional design with four consecutive surveys.SettingNationwide general population in South Korea.ParticipantsOverall 4010 respondents (aged 19 years and over) from the general population during the MERS-CoV epidemic were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe main outcome measures were (1) affective risk perception, (2) cognitive risk perception, and (3) trust in the government. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors (demographic, socioeconomic, area and political orientation) associated with risk perceptions.ResultsBoth affective and cognitive risk perceptions decreased as the MERS-CoV epidemic progressed. Proportions of affective risk perception were higher in all surveys and slowly decreased compared with cognitive risk perception over time. Females (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72–2.00; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.86) and lower self-reported household economic status respondents were more likely to perceive the affective risk. The older the adults, the higher the affective risk perception, but the lower the cognitive risk perception compared with younger adults. The respondents who had low trust in the government had higher affective (aOR 2.19–3.11; 95 CI 1.44 to 4.67) and cognitive (aOR 3.55–5.41; 95 CI 1.44 to 9.01) risk perceptions.ConclusionsThis study suggests that even if cognitive risk perception is dissolved, affective risk perception can continue during MERS-CoV epidemic. Risk perception associating factors (ie, gender, age and self-reported household economic status) appear to be noticeably different between affective and cognitive dimensions. It also indicates that trust in the government influences affective risk perception and cognitive risk perception. There is a need for further efforts to understand the mechanism regarding the general public’s risk perception for effective risk communication.

scholarly journals Hematologic manifestations of celiac disease

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson ◽  
Mark R. Litzow ◽  
Joseph A. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Iga Deficiency ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Iron Folic Acid

AbstractCeliac disease is a common systemic disorder that can have multiple hematologic manifestations. Patients with celiac disease may present to hematologists for evaluation of various hematologic problems prior to receiving a diagnosis of celiac disease. Anemia secondary to malabsorption of iron, folic acid, and/or vitamin B12 is a common complication of celiac disease and many patients have anemia at the time of diagnosis. Celiac disease may also be associated with thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, venous thromboembolism, hyposplenism, and IgA deficiency. Patients with celiac disease are at increased risk of being diagnosed with lymphoma, especially of the T-cell type. The risk is highest for enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma (ETL) and B-cell lymphoma of the gut, but extraintestinal lymphomas can also be seen. ETL is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis, but strict adherence to a gluten-free diet may prevent its occurrence.

scholarly journals Increased Risk of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in 29,000 Patients with Biopsy-verified Celiac Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONAS F. LUDVIGSSON ◽  
ALBERTO RUBIO-TAPIA ◽  
VAIDEHI CHOWDHARY ◽  
JOSEPH A. MURRAY ◽  
JULIA F. SIMARD
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective.To investigate a possible association between celiac disease (CD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Case series have indicated a possible association, but population-based studies are lacking.Methods.We compared the risk of SLE in 29,048 individuals with biopsy-verified CD (villous atrophy, Marsh 3) from Sweden’s 28 pathology departments with that in 144,352 matched individuals from the general population identified through the Swedish Total Population Register. SLE was defined as having at least 2 records of SLE in the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for SLE.Results.During followup, 54 individuals with CD had an incident SLE. This corresponded to an HR of 3.49 (95% CI 2.48−4.90), with an absolute risk of 17/100,000 person-years and an excess risk of 12/100,000. Beyond 5 years of followup, the HR for SLE was 2.54 (95% CI 1.57−4.10). While SLE was predominantly female, we found similar risk estimates in men and women. When we restricted our outcome to individuals who also had a dispensation for a medication used in SLE, the HR was 2.43 (95% CI 1.22−4.87). The HR for having 2 records of SLE diagnoses, out of which at least 1 had occurred in a department of rheumatology, nephrology/dialysis, internal medicine, or pediatrics, was 2.87 (95% CI 1.97−4.17).Conclusion.Individuals with CD were at a 3-fold increased risk of SLE compared to the general population. Although this excess risk remained more than 5 years after CD diagnosis, absolute risks were low.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Sabiha Armin ◽  
Kenneth Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Fetal Tissue ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Women develop important changes in their cardiovascular and respiratory systems during pregnancy. They also have important changes in their immune system which are necessary to tolerate foreign fetal tissue. These expected alterations can increase the likelihood of poor outcomes with certain respiratory infections, especially viral infection. There is extensive literature describing COVID-19 in pregnant women, and there is evidence that this virus can infect the placenta, raising implications for maternal-fetal transmission. Women who contract COVID-19 during pregnancy are at increased risk of preterm labor and other perinatal complications when compared to non-pregnant women. Trials on the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy are in progress; several reproductive societies have recommended that women who are planning to get pregnant or are pregnant should get vaccination since there are few reports of adverse events in pregnant women who have received vaccines. Healthcare providers will need to address concerns of infertility, the possibility of vertical transmission, and neonatal infection with women regarding timely vaccination against this disease and other necessary precautions. Keywords: coronavirus, COVID-19, pregnancy, placental pathology, vertical transmission

scholarly journals Flour-free Gluten-free Compositions Influence on Qualitative Indicators of Cookies from Biscuits Dough

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Karyna Svidlo ◽  
Tatiana Gavrish ◽  
Olga Danylenko ◽  
Serhii Krasovkyi
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Organoleptic Evaluation ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

The topicality. According to the World Organization of Gastroenterologists (FOG-OMGE), patients with active (clinically severe) celiac disease have an increased risk of death compared to the general population; patients with celiac disease should definitely not eat wheat, rye or barley in any form. However, there is the increased risk of death resumes after three to five years of strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, so it becomes especially important to develop technologies for confectionery products based on gluten-free flour compositions and study their quality indicators. The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of gluten-free flour compositions based on flaxseed, rice, sesame, pumpkin seed meal, sugar substitute on the quality of cupcakes. Research methods. The dependence of stress on the shear rate of biscuit dough based on gluten-free flour compositions has been determined using a Brookfield viscometer. The adhesive stress of the dough masses from the effects of different concentrations of the model system based on gluten-free flour compositions has been performed on a bursting machine МТ-140/RV2. Results. The data of research of gluten-free flour compositions influence on qualitative properties of biscuit cake dough are resulted. An organoleptic evaluation of cupcakes for a gluten-free diet was carried out and the daily requirement for vitamins of people aged 18-59 when consuming this confectionery has been determined. Conclusions and discussions. Determining the effect of gluten-free compositions on the quality of biscuit dough and finished products makes it possible to offer for a gluten-free diet three recipes for cupcakes based on compositions of rice-flax flour, sesame-flax flour and flax flour with pumpkin seed meal, added bougainvillea, carrot and pumpkin. Developed cupcakes for a gluten-free diet can be used in the diet of people aged 18-59 years for both dietary nutrition and general disease prevention.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Stress Measures, Risk Factors, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Law Enforcement Officers

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Ramey ◽  
Nancy R. Downing ◽  
Warren D. Franke ◽  
Yelena Perkhounkova ◽  
Mohammad H. Alasagheirin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
General Population ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Occupational Hazards ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Separate Regression

Law enforcement officers suffer higher morbidity and mortality rates from all causes than the general population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for a significant portion of the excess illness, with a reported prevalence as high as 1.7 times that of the general population. To determine which occupational hazards cause this increased risk and morbidity, it is imperative to study law enforcement officers before they retire. The long-range goal of our research is to reduce the incidence of CVD-related illness and death among aging law enforcement officers. The purpose of the present study was to measure pro- and anti-atherogenic inflammatory markers in blood samples from law enforcement officers ( n = 71) and determine what types of occupation-related stress correlate with differences in these markers. For each outcome variable of interest, we developed separate regression models. Two groups of potential predictors were examined for inclusion in the models. Selected measures of stress were examined for inclusion in the models, in addition to general covariates, such as gender, ethnicity, years in law enforcement, and body mass index. Our results revealed statistically significant relationships between several physiologic variables and measures of stress.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Increased Risk Perception of Pandemic Influenza in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Jacobs ◽  
Melanie Taylor ◽  
Kingsley Agho ◽  
Garry Stevens ◽  
Margo Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Demographic Subgroups ◽  
At Home

The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with increased risk perception of pandemic influenza in Australia. The sample consisted of 2081 Australian adults aged 16 years and older who completed a short three item pandemic influenza question module which was incorporated into the NSW Health Adult Population Health Survey during the first quarter of 2007. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis indicated that those living in rural regions were significantly more likely to perceive a high risk that a pandemic influenza would occur, while those with poor self-rated health perceived both a high likelihood of pandemic and high concern that self/family would be directly affected were such an event to occur. Those who spoke a language other than English at home and those on low incomes and younger people (16–24 years) were significantly more likely to have changed the way they lived their lives due to the possibility of pandemic influenza, compared to those who spoke only English at home, middle-high income earners, and older age groups, respectively. This data provides an Australian population baseline against which the risk perceptions of demographic subgroups regarding the current, and potential future pandemics, can be compared and monitored.

scholarly journals Effects of acetaminophen on risk taking

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
Alexis Keaveney ◽  
Ellen Peters ◽  
Baldwin Way
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total N ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

Abstract Acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic available over-the-counter and used in over 600 medicines, is one of the most consumed drugs in the USA. Recent research has suggested that acetaminophen’s effects extend to the blunting of negative as well as positive affect. Because affect is a determinant of risk perception and risk taking, we tested the hypothesis that acute acetaminophen consumption (1000 mg) could influence these important judgments and decisions. In three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, healthy young adults completed a laboratory measure of risk taking (Balloon Analog Risk Task) and in Studies 1 and 2 completed self-report measures of risk perception. Across all studies (total n = 545), acetaminophen increased risk-taking behavior. On the more affectively stimulating risk perception measure used in Study 2, acetaminophen reduced self-reported perceived risk and this reduction statistically mediated increased risk-taking behavior. These results indicate that acetaminophen can increase risk taking, which may be due to reductions in risk perceptions, particularly those that are highly affect laden.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Patients with Hematologic Disorders Undergoing Therapy: Perspective of a Large Referral Hematology Center in Rome

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 574-582
Author(s):  
Corrado Girmenia ◽  
Giuseppe Gentile ◽  
Alessandra Micozzi ◽  
Luigi Petrucci ◽  
Francesco Malaspina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Hematologic Diseases ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Definition Of

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Patients with cancer may be more susceptible to and have higher morbidity and mortality rates from COVID-19 than the general population, while epidemiologic data specifically addressed to hematologic patients are limited. To investigate whether patients with hematologic diseases undergoing therapy are at increased risk for acquiring SARS CoV-2 infection compared to the general population, a retrospective study was carried out at a referral hematologic center in Rome, Italy, during the period of the greatest epidemic spread (March 8 to May 14, 2020). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> All adult and pediatric patients with a diagnosis of a neoplastic or a nonneoplastic hematologic disease who underwent treatment (chemotherapy or immunosuppressive or supportive therapy) during the study period or in the previous 6 months were considered. The prevalence of COVID-19 in the overall outpatient and inpatient population undergoing hematologic treatment compared to that of the general population was analyzed. The measures taken to manage patients during the epidemic period are described. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, 2,513 patients with hematological diseases were considered. Out of 243 (9.7%) patients who were screened for SARS CoV-2, three of 119 (2.5%) outpatients with fever or respiratory symptoms and none of 124 asymptomatic patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Three further patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and managed in other hospitals in Rome. As of May 14, 2020, the prevalence of COVID-19 in our hematologic population accounted for 0.24% (95% CI 0.23–0.25; 6 of 2,513 patients: 1 case in every 419 patients) as compared to 0.12% (7,280 of 5,879,082 residents; 1 case in every 807 residents) in the general population (<i>p</i> = 0.14). Three of 6 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 required critical care and 2 died while still positive for SARS CoV-2. Out of 225 healthcare providers on duty at our Institution during the study period, 2 (0.9%) symptomatic cases were diagnosed with COVID-19. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In our experience, the prevalence of COVID-19 in hematologic patients, mainly affected by malignancies, was not significantly higher compared to that of the general population. Definition of adapted strategies for healthcare services, while continuing to administer the standard hematologic treatments, represents the crucial challenge for the management of hematologic diseases in the COVID-19 era.

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