Construct Validity

Author(s):  
Richard McCleary ◽  
David McDowall ◽  
Bradley J. Bartos

Chapter 8 focuses on threats to construct validity arising from the left-hand side time series and the right-hand side intervention model. Construct validity is limited to questions of whether an observed effect can be generalized to alternative cause and effect measures. The “talking out” self-injurious behavior time series, shown in Chapter 5, are examples of primary data. Researchers often have no choice but to use secondary data that were collected by third parties for purposes unrelated to any hypothesis test. Even in those less-than-ideal instances, however, an optimal time series can be constructed by limiting the time frame and otherwise paying attention to regime changes. Threats to construct validity that arise from the right-hand side intervention model, such as fuzzy or unclear onset and responses, are controlled by paying close attention to the underlying theory. Even a minimal theory should specify the onset and duration of an impact.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rio Saputra ◽  
Mokhammad Najih

<p><em>Suspects have the right to obtain legal assistance, especially for suspects who are classified as economically disadvantaged in accordance with Article 56 of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). The facts show that there are many irregularities in the implementation of legal aid, therefore it is necessary to know about the implementation of free legal aid for suspects who are incapacitated at the level of investigation and the factors that become obstacles in the implementation of legal aid. This legal research is an empirical legal research and this research is descriptive in nature. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The techniques used to collect data were document study techniques and interview techniques. Inhibiting factors affecting the implementation of free legal aid for suspects who are unable at the level of investigation can be classified and differentiated into 3 factors, namely, legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture).</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Legal Aid, Criminal Cases</em></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasser Iqbal Daulay ◽  
Fachri Eka Saputra ◽  
Sularsih Anggarawati

Ecotourism offers a different form of travel than mass tourism. Ecotourism also provides a learning process to protect and care for nature, and improve the welfare of local communities around or within the ecotourism destination. This study was conducted to find the right approach to developing ecotourism. The main focus is given to the potential of regional ecotourism, including human, cultural, and supporting resources. Research is also conducted to determine the perspective of tourists because meeting their needs cannot be sustainably separated from business goals. This study uses data sources grouped into two, namely primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through several instruments such as surveys, interviews, and observations.Keywords: Social innovation, ecological tourism, entrepreneurial innovation, 


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Adilla Chairiah ◽  
Lestari Lestari ◽  
Irwin Irwin

Children are the future successors of the nation who must be equipped with supporting knowledge and education. One of the factors that influence the development of children are children’s creativity. Creativity is important for children because creativity is useful as a human need to be creative, creativity allows children to express themselves and thoughts in solving problem and many more. Creativity activities in schools are limited, namely 4-5 hours due to strict curriculum (Kemendikbud, 2012). The facilities that support the development of children's creativity in Pontianak is quite limited. This condition shows that Pontianak needs facilities that support the development of children's creativity, namely the Child Creativity Center in Pontianak. The design method starts from identifying the problem by looking at the issues, data collecting consists of primary data and secondary data, and then the data is analyzed which produced pre design drawing. The emphasis on the design is child-friendly which includes aspects of safety, comfort, freedom and stimulates children's potential. This concept produces a mass building design with a circular shape that has been transformed. The use of the right colors, shapes, materials and dimensions is the core of the design of the Children's Creativity Center in Pontianak.


Author(s):  
Siti Umayah ◽  
Junanah Junanah

Pesantren, Islamic boarding school, as Islamic educational institutions by setting the main objectives of Islamic education is simply to generate the Santri (students) to explore religious knowledge (tafaqquh fid-din). However, since the 1970s Pesantren began to open up indicating that Islamic boarding schools with their dynamics required recognition by the community about their existence. Kiai Sahal Mahfudh, a Pesantren intellectual figure with a traditional background helped encourage the Pesantren to be able to respond to modernization and the demands of society in the right way. Kiai Sahal Mahfudh presents himself as a figure with transformative, innovative and visionary vision in transforming Pesantren education. He argued that Pesantren education cannot be separated from its two potentials: religiosity and social potential. This study aimed to determine the perspective of Pesantren education based on the perspective of Kiai Sahal Mahfudh and its relevance to the development of contemporary Pesantren. This study is a library research using the primary data in the form of Nuansa Fiqh Sosial, papers, or any works of Kiai Sahal Mahfudh. Meanwhile, the secondary data were in the form of books related to the Pesantren or AZJAF Vol.1 No. 2 (Special Issue 2021) Page 24 the thoughts of Kiai Sahal Mahfudh. The analysis technique used content analysis in which the phases of analysis started by determining the problems, formulating the frame of thoughts and preparing the methodology devices, data analysis and data interpretation.The results of this research showed that the teaching of the kitab kuning needs the abilty to understand contextually for solving contemporary social problems. The formulation of the objectives of pesantren education in preparing righteous and akram people in line with the functions of humans personally as khalifah of Allah who also carry out social functions to prosper and manage the earth.The da’wah islamiyyah or propagative potential in pesantren is not only articulated in word but also in deeds or da’wah bil hal. For kiai Sahal Mahfudh, da’wah can also in the form of community empowerment. Both have the same end goals. These are relevant and in accordance with the direction of development of contemporary pesantren which wants pesantren to no longer only carry out their traditional functions as religious educational institutions, but also as social community institutions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183
Author(s):  
Ika Prawitasari ◽  
Dewi Erowati

This study examines effectiveness 2020 simultaneous regional elections in the midst of Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, indicators of success Pilkada are integrity organizers and public participation in exercising their voting rights. Therefore, looking at 2020 Pilkada which was held in midst Covid-19 pandemic is still an important discourse. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques use primary data obtained from webinars on local political democracy during pandemic and secondary data by citing books, journals, documents and printed media, as well as other supporting materials. The results showed that the 9 December 2020 Pilkada had several threats and opportunities, including; First, threat of high number of positive cases of Covid-19, limited time, process updating voter data, technical guidance for ad hoc administrators, logistical budgets, education and political outreach. Second, opportunities for technology and information as means of political education and political socialization. Third, organizing regional elections by using e-voting, being the right recommendation, seeing use of e-voting can preserve people's voting rights and inhibit spread of Covid-19.


Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Magmun Migfar ◽  
Amin Purnawan

ABSTRAKDalam memberikan kredit, Perusahaan Pembiayaan wajib mempunyai keyakinan didasarkan pada unsur perinsip kehati-hatian biasa di kenal dengan 5C, yaitu terdiri dari character (watak), capacity (kemampuan), capital (modal), collateral (jaminan), dan condition of economic (kondisi ekonomi).Di dalam penelitian penulis membuat rumusan masalahanuntuk mengetahui tanggung jawab para pihak dalam pembutan akta jaminan fidusia pada Notaris dan penyelesaian sengketanya apabila debitur mengalihkan objek jaminan fidusia tanpa persetujuan tertulis oleh pihak PT. Bussan auto Finance (BAF) Rembang.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat diskriptif dan apabila dilihat dari tujuannya teremasuk penelitian hukum empiris. Lokasi penelitian di PT. BAF Rembang. Jenis data yang digunakan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan yaitu melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan kualitatif analitis.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui dalam perjanjian pembiayaan antara kreditur dan debitur saling mengikatkan diri, debitur harus membaca dan memahami surat perjanjian pembiayaan, sebelum melakukan kesepakatan sengan Leasing, setelah menandatangi perjanjian pembiayaan, debitur harus memenuhi kewajiban membayar angsuran secara tepat waktu sesuai dengan besaran dan tanggal yang telah disepakati, kemudian timbulah hak dan kewajiban supaya jangan sampai ada konflik atau kesalah pahaman yang bias merugikan debitur dikemudian hari.Dalam hal benda jaminan yang menjadi objek jaminan fidusia dialihkan kepada pihak ketiga berlaku asas drot de suite, kreditur tetap dapat mengeksekusi benda jaminan tersebut di tangan siapaun benda tersebut berada. Pengalihan benda yang menjadi objek jaminan fidusia pada pihak ketiga dan seterusnya tidak menghalangi hak kreditur untuk tetap mengeksekusi benda jaminan fidusia tersebut. Memang dalam peneyelesain sengketa benda jamian fidusia di PT BAF Rembang masih mengedepankan cara musyawarah dahulu akan tetapi jika PT BAF Rembang berpedoman pada POJK No.29/POJK.05/2014 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Usaha Perusahaan Pembiayaan dan perlu adanya pendampingan dai pihak kepolisian maka akan sangat mudah dan mungkin untuk mengatasi debitur yang nakal.Kata kunci : Debitur, Kreditur, Eksekusi Benda Jaminan Fidusia.           ABSTRACTIn granting credit, a Financing Company must have confidence based on the usual principle of prudence known as 5C, which consists of character, capability, capital, collateral and condition of economic ( economic conditions). In the study the authors make the formulation of the problem to know the responsibility of the parties in the fiduciary guarantee certificate pembutan notary and settlement of disputes if the debtor divert the fiduciary guarantee object without written approval by the PT. Bussan auto Finance (BAF) Rembang.Penelitian is a descriptive study and when viewed from its purpose including research empirical law. Research location at PT. BAF Rembang. Types of data used include primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are through literature research and interviews. Analytical data use qualitative analytical.Based on the results of the research can be known in the financing agreement between the creditor and the debtor bind each other, the debtor must read and understand the letter of financing agreement, before making leasing agreement, after signing the financing agreement, the debtor must meet the obligation to pay installments in a timely manner in accordance with the amount and date which has been agreed, then arise rights and obligations so that there will be no conflicts or misunderstandings that bias detrimental to the debtor in the future. In the event that the collateral object becomes the object of fiduciary guarantee transferred to a third party applies the principle of drot de suite, the lender can still execute the guarantee object in the hands of whoever the object is located. The transfer of objects which become the object of fiduciary collateral to a third party and so on shall not preclude the right of the creditor to keep executing the fiduciary assurance object. Indeed, in peneyelesain dispute fiduciary jamian objects in PT BAF Rembang still put forward the first musyawarah way but if PT BAF Rembang based on POJK No.29 / POJK.05 / 2014 About the Implementation of Financing Company Business and the need for assistance from the police then it will be very easy and possibly to deal with naughty debtors.Keywords: Debtor, Creditors, Execution of Fiduciary Guarantee Items.


Jurnal Akta ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hilmi Akhsin ◽  
Anis Mashdurohatun

ABSTRACTFiduciary agreements by notarial deed are not sufficient, but should be continued with fiduciary registrants. Fiduciary agreements set forth in notarial deeds without registration do not grant preferential rights to fiduciary recipients. Whereas the objective of Law Number 42 Year 1999 is basically to provide legal protection for creditors from losses caused by default from debtor. From this, the authors in this thesis take the title "Consequences of Fiduciary Guaranty Laws Not Registered According to Law Number 42 Year 1999." With the scope of the issues covered include: (1) How the procedure or implementation of credit with fiduciary guarantee in Indonesia; (2) What are the constraints and solutions in the implementation of credit with fiduciary guarantee in Indonesia, and (3) What are the consequences of fiduciary guarantee law enlisted under Law No. 42 of 1999.To obtain the results of research from these problems, the authors use the scientific method with an approach that is juridical empirical and normatiif. Empirically that is researching secondary data first and then continued by conducting research of primary data in field. The jurisdiction is to study the rules that exist with the problem in the perusal.Furthermore, from the results of the research can obtain the understanding that the first, that the credit agreement made by debtors and creditors is the principal agreement that refers to the general principles of the agreement, while the imposition of fiduciary collateral meruapakan follow-up agreement or accesoir, which registers it has been regulated by Law No. 42 of 1999 , And set further through Government Regulation No. 21 of 2015; Second, the registration of fiduciary security is a creditor's obligation, but sometimes the creditor does not register it, for cost reasons or because the treaty deed is made under the hand. Therefore, the right of the fiduciary guarantee certificate is categorized as a treaty under the hand. Therefore, the solution taken by the creditors can make the settlement by deliberation or applying through the judiciary. Third, Fiduciary Guarantees must be made by the Deed of Natariil (Notarial Deed) and registered to the Office of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, in order to have executorial power, in addition, the creditor will obtain the preferred right. If fiduciary warranties are not made under the hands and are not registered in accordance with legislative provisions, they have no executorial force, and the right of preference and may become void (vernitigbarheid).Whereas to further realize the main principle of Fiduciary Guarantee provides legal protection for the parties, it is necessary to revise the regulation of fiduciary guarantee in legislation in order to give more legal certainty.Keywords: Fiduciary Security, Registration Procedures, and Legal EffectsABSTRACT Fiduciary agreements by notarial deed are not sufficient, but should be continued with fiduciary registrants. Fiduciary agreements set forth in notarial deeds without registration do not grant preferential rights to fiduciary recipients. Whereas the objective of Law Number 42 Year 1999 is basically to provide legal protection for creditors from losses caused by default from debtor. From this, the authors in this thesis take the title "Consequences of Fiduciary Guaranty Laws Not Registered According to Law Number 42 Year 1999." With the scope of the issues covered include: (1) How the procedure or implementation of credit with fiduciary guarantee in Indonesia; (2) What are the constraints and solutions in the implementation of credit with fiduciary guarantee in Indonesia, and (3) What are the consequences of fiduciary guarantee law enlisted under Law No. 42 of 1999.To obtain the results of research from these problems, the authors use the scientific method with an approach that is juridical empirical and normatiif. Empirically that is researching secondary data first and then continued by conducting research of primary data in field. The jurisdiction is to study the rules that exist with the problem in the perusal.Furthermore, from the results of the research can obtain the understanding that the first, that the credit agreement made by debtors and creditors is the principal agreement that refers to the general principles of the agreement, while the imposition of fiduciary collateral meruapakan follow-up agreement or accesoir, which registers it has been regulated by Law No. 42 of 1999 , And set further through Government Regulation No. 21 of 2015; Second, the registration of fiduciary security is a creditor's obligation, but sometimes the creditor does not register it, for cost reasons or because the treaty deed is made under the hand. Therefore, the right of the fiduciary guarantee certificate is categorized as a treaty under the hand. Therefore, the solution taken by the creditors can make the settlement by deliberation or applying through the judiciary. Third, Fiduciary Guarantees must be made by the Deed of Natariil (Notarial Deed) and registered to the Office of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, in order to have executorial power, in addition, the creditor will obtain the preferred right. If fiduciary warranties are not made under the hands and are not registered in accordance with legislative provisions, they have no executorial force, and the right of preference and may become void (vernitigbarheid).Whereas to further realize the main principle of Fiduciary Guarantee provides legal protection for the parties, it is necessary to revise the regulation of fiduciary guarantee in legislation in order to give more legal certainty.Keywords: Fiduciary Security, Registration Procedures, and Legal Effects


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Ananta Budhi Danurdara

Apprenticeship program is one part of the laborrs force in Indonesia, apprentices basically get the same protection with other labors, but in Indonesia there are many industries that do not provide rights that should be given to participants of the internship program. The purpose of this study was to determine, assess, examine and analyze how the legal protection for participants in apprenticeship programs and practices to determine, assess, examine and analyze an obstacle in the implementation of the apprenticeship program. Study used is descriptive nature Analytical. Secondary data was obtained from the research literature and reinforced with Primary Data obtained from interviews daan questionnaire. Stages of the research literature research and field research. Techniques of data collection are through literature study and interviews. Methods of data analysis using Likert method. The results showed that the occurrence of violations of rights protection for participants in the company's apprenticeship program in terms of three main components, namely Statutory Rights, Contractual Rights and Other Rights on the Protection of Rights Internship Program participants have not been frilly implemented in practice yet. This is because there are some companies who do not exercise rights apprenticeship program participants in the form of the right to obtain employment injury insurance and the right to earn pocket money and or transport money and not doing the apprenticeship agreement in writing between the parties with the company's apprenticeship program participants in a company. Other authors propose recommendations for the educational institutions and industry especially Hotel XYZ at Bandung management to address the existing problems. The purpose of these recommendations is to provide input to the hotel in order to provide protection Rights Internship Program Participants in accordance with the rules of government.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Elvi Alfian A

Basically the right between female inmates and male inmates is the same, only in this case because the inmate is a woman then there are some rights that get special attention than male inmates. Female inmates are not only limited to their rights as inmates in general, but also have difficulty when facing the circumstances that become their nature as a woman. The purpose of this study was: a) To find out how the system of coaching female inmates who are pregnant in the Class II B Jambi Women's Correctional Institution; b) To find out what are the inhibition factors of coaching female inmates who are pregnant in the Women's Correctional Institution class II B Jambi and c) To find out what efforts can be made by correctional officers in overcoming the inhibition factor of coaching female inmates who are pregnant in the Women's Correctional Institution class II B Jambi. The research method is an empirical juridical approach. Empirical juridical approach in this study means that in analyzing the problem is done by combining legal materials (which are secondary data) with primary data obtained in the field that is about the development of pregnant female inmates in the Class II B Jambi Women's Society. In accordance with the theme, this research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The conclusion of this study is coaching of pregnant female inmates in The Class II B Jambi Women's Correctional Institution remains equated with the coaching of other female inmates in general, there are two coachings applied in the Class II B Jambi LPP, namely Personality Coaching and Self-Reliance Coaching. Pregnant female inmates get waivers from the LPP not to do heavy work such as room picket routines, gymnastics activities every Saturday, gotong royong or other activities that endanger the condition of the womb or mother. It can be said that the guidance provided by the LPP to pregnant female inmates in accordance with the author's current meticulous, for the fulfillment of his rights has not been fulfilled to the maximum due to the lack of funds.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Yanti ◽  
Nunung Krisnawati

The background of this thesis is an increasing number of legislators Batam from Chinese citizens, at the 1999 elections, there were two people who passed to the DPRD Kota Batam, in the elections of 2004 increased to four Chinese citizens who become legislators Batam. It is not independent of their role during the sitting in the legislature as a representative of the people. This study aims to clarify the role of Chinese citizens who sat as a legislative member in Batam 1999-2009This research is a qualitative research, the historical method with the approach of political science. Steps historical research include: first heuristic, there are two sources of data are primary data and secondary data, primary data in this study is a member of the legislative representatives of the Chinese community, Chinese people, community leaders and members of the Commission, the secondary data taken from any books , newspapers and other documents, the authors do critique source consisting of external criticism and internal criticism, the three researchers to interpret, fourth historiography.The results in this study explained that the role of the Chinese community as a member of the legislature in Batam years 1999-2009, the first legislative function is set statutorily in the form of local regulations (Perda), the second control function or supervise the activities of local government in implementing legislation has been agreed , of these control functions legislators have the right to ask questions, interpellation, questionnaires and motions, the three other functions related to the budget or APBD that has been agreed with the local governments when the plenary session.  Keywords: legislative member, chinese societyLatar belakang penelitian ini adalah terjadinya peningkatan jumlah anggota DPRD Kota Batam dari warga Tionghoa, dimana pada pemilu tahun 1999 terdapat dua orang yang lolos menjadi anggota DPRD Kota Batam dan  pada pemilu tahun 2004 mengalami peningkatan menjadi empat orang. Hal ini tentunya tidak terlepas dari peran mereka selama duduk di legislatif sebagai wakil rakyat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran warga Tionghoa yang duduk menjadi anggota legislatif di Kota Batam tahun 1999-2009.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif historis dengan pendekatan ilmu politik.Adapunlangkah-langkah penelitian historis meliputi: pertama heuristik, di dalamnya terdapat dua sumber data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder, data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah anggota legislatif dari perwakilan masyarakat Tionghoa, masyarakat keturunan Tionghoa, tokoh masyarakat dan anggota KPU, data sekunder diambil dari buku-buku, koran dan dokumen lainnya.Kedua, kritik sumber yang terdiri dari kritik ekstern dan kritik intern.Ketiga, interpretasi dan keempat, historiografi.Hasil dalam penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa peranan warga Tionghoa sebagai anggota legislatif di Kota Batam tahun 1999-2009,  pertama fungsi legislasi yaitu mengatur undang-undang dalam bentuk peraturan daerah (Perda), kedua fungsi kontrol atau mengawasi kegiatan pemerintah daerah dalam menjalankan Perda yang telah disepakati, dari fungsi kontrol ini anggota DPRD memiliki hak untuk bertanya, interpelasi, angket dan mosi, ketiga fungsi lainnya yang berkaitan dengan anggaran atau APBD yang telah disepakati bersama pemerintah daerah saat sidang paripurna. Bermainnya peran-peran  tersebut dengan baik, semakin menambah nilai kepercayaan warga Tionghoa  memilih dari kalangan mereka untuk pemilu selanjutnya. Kata Kunci: anggota legislatif, masyarakat tionghoa, kota batam  


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