Implementation of medicine take-back concept at community level in Nepal: a pilot study

Abstract Background Most households may have leftover, unwanted, unused and expired (UUE) medicines. The present research aimed to analyze feasibility of implementation of medicine take-back in select communities in Nepal. Methods Exploratory (i.e. feasibility) study was conducted among 400 adults from July 2017 to January 2018. Study sites and participants were selected by simple random sampling and respondents were interviewed about their awareness about medicine disposal, hazards and willingness to support take-back program using semi-structured questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to explore relationship of take-back related outcomes with the predictors. The P-value < 0.05 was statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Results Land pollution and effect on health of children was significantly related with inappropriate disposal of medicines such as site of disposal (P value < 0.01), river (P value, 0.02), garbage (P value, 0.04) and dumping site (P value, 0.01). Analysis of willingness to follow take-back program with the techniques of support showed significant relationship with the establishment of collection center and participation on seminar (P value < 0.01). Conclusion Most participants were interested to support take-back, if implemented in their community but main constraint was the budget. Take-back concept could be initiated and implemented on government funding or other sources.

Download Full-text

Implementation of Medicine Take-back Concept at Community Level in Nepal: a Feasibility Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50078/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Binaya Sapkota ◽

Anil Giri ◽

Bigyan Bhatta ◽

Krishna Awasthi ◽

Kiran Bhurtyal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Health Hazards ◽

P Value ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Take Back ◽

Relationship Of

Abstract Background: Medications are not always completely consumed as purchased from pharmacy due to lack of awareness, forgetfulness. So, most households may have leftover, unwanted, unused and expired (UUE) medicines. They may lead to health hazards and environment pollution. The present study was aimed to analyze feasibility of implementation of medicine take-back in select communities of Nepal.Methods: Exploratory study was conducted among adults (total 400) in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Kaski, Kanchanpur and Kailali districts from July 2017 to January 2018. Study sites and participants were selected by simple random sampling and respondents were interviewed about their awareness about medicine disposal techniques, possible hazards and their willingness to support take-back program using semi-structured questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationship of various take-back related outcomes with the predictors. The p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Results: The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant relationship of health hazards (rashes and diarrhea) among the farmers, engineers, nurse and lawyers (p value <0.01 in each). Land pollution and effect on health of children was significantly related with the inappropriate disposal of medicines such as site of disposal (p value <0.01), river (p value 0.02), garbage (p value 0.04), and dumping site (p value 0.01). The analysis of the willingness to follow take-back program with the techniques of support showed significant relationship with the establishment of collection center and participation on seminar (p value <0.01). Conclusions: Most participants kept UUE medicines in home, disposed with household rubbish and flushed down the sink. They were interested to support take-back, if implemented in their community but the main constraint was the budget. Hence, take-back concept could be initiated and implemented on government funding or other external sources.

Download Full-text

Implementation of Medicine Take-back Concept at Community Level in Nepal: A Feasibility Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-68526/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Binaya Sapkota ◽

Anil Giri ◽

Bigyan Bhatta ◽

Krishna Awasthi ◽

Kiran Bhurtyal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Health Hazards ◽

P Value ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Take Back ◽

Relationship Of

Download Full-text

Determinants of Acculturation Preferences between Ethiopian Majority in Shashemene, and Rastafarian Community

10.21203/rs.3.rs-290132/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gamachu Gishe Badasa ◽

Mekonnen Sime Bedada

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

P Value ◽

Extended Model ◽

Growing Up ◽

Peaceful Coexistence ◽

Vulnerable Group ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cultural Traits ◽

The Town

Abstract Background Acculturation is learning and adopting cultural traits different from the ones with which the person was originally growing up. Methods The researchers employed a transformative mixed research design. We randomly selected 349 participants from both the majority and their counterparts. Item measures acculturation choices of native and Rastafarians which were adapted from Navas et al. (2005) Relative Acculturation Extended Model. We computed multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify determinants of majorities' and minorities' acculturation preferences. A p-value < 0.05 considered significant. Results The study has shown that most of the respondents preferred the marginalization approach 54.7%. This result also highlighted that the second-largest preferred acculturation was assimilation 22.6%. Over 26.8% of the Rastafarians, pick separation preference. in the condition where the Rastafarians were to speak the local language, their likelihood of making integration to marginalization increased by 0.37 unit while holding all other variables in the model constant (AOR = 0.374, 95% CI (.146,.959). If a majority were to increase smoking Ganja by one point, the odds of preferring integration to marginalization enhanced by 0.008 points (AOR = 0.008, 95% CI (.001, 072). As for factors related to Rastafarians’ acculturation decision, divorce is one factor because many Ethiopian women who have a relationship with local men marry and bear children to Rasta men just to share their resources. In this study, the likelihood of making integration to marginalization optimized by 41.95 points if the local people had the habit of smoking Ganja (AOR = 41.95, 95% CI (2.51,.701.69). The Rastafarian reported that the town leaders have been continuously accusing them of planting and smoking Ganja, marijuana, and others. Conclusion The research suggested that there are some individuals working against the Rastafarians; therefore, elders and Abba Gedas have to work together to protect the vulnerable group as the Oromo culture, nurture togetherness and peaceful coexistence not to displace their neighborhood. We found that the Rastafarian people lack unity among themselves because there are some individuals often creating problems and paving the way for other intruders to discriminate against the Rasta community. Therefore, before blaming others it is a good idea if you first clean your houses.

Download Full-text

Hubungan Pengetahuan Sikap Dan Dukungan Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Remaja Putri Menghadapi Menarche

Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Udayana ◽

10.47859/jmu.v7i01.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

pp. 43-55

Author(s):

Andriani Andriani

Keyword(s):

Family Support ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Emotional Reactivity ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Anxiety Level ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Low Level ◽

High Level ◽

Relationship Of

Background: Menarche in young women can cause anxiety. Many teenagers view menarche as a frightening thing, because menarche will cause discomfort, pain, dizziness and so on, Psychological symptoms to reject the physiological process. Anxiety is an excessive emotional reactivity, a dull depression, or a sensitive context, an emotional response. Purpose: The objective of the study was to understand the relationship of attitude knowledge and family support with the level of anxiety of adolescent girls. Methods: This research is quantitative type with anlitik design with coss sectional approach. The study was conducted in February - April 2018. The sample in this study was female teenager amounting to 25 people. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The study was conducted using primary data obtained from the questionnaire, and univariate and bivariate analysis using chi-square statistical test. Results: From the result of research analysis of knowledge relationship with anxiety level got 15 respondents who have high knowledge of 8 people (53,3%) with high level of anxiety and 7 people (46,70%) with low level of anxiety. 13 respondents were positive attitude 6 people (46,2%) with high level of anxiety and 7 people (53,8%) with low level of anxiety. of 14 respondents who received family support and 7 people (46.2%) with high anxiety level and 7 people (53.8%) with low anxiety level. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study found no relationship of knowledge with anxiety level with p value 0.742> ? 0.05, Based on the results of the study found no relation attitude with anxiety level with p value 0,529> ? 0.05, Based on the results obtained did not there is a relationship of family support with anxiety level with p value 0,495> ? 0,05. Latar Belakang: Menarche yaitu haid pertama kali pada remaja putri dapat menimbulkan kecemasan. Banyak remaja memandang menarche adalah hal yang menakutkan, karena menarche akan menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan, sakit, pusing dan sebagainya, Gejala psikologis untuk menolak proses fisiologis tersebut. Kecemasan merupakan reaktivitas emosional berlebihan, depresi yang tumpul, atau konteks sensitif, respon emosional. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetuhui hubungan pengetahuan sikap dan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan remaja putri. Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari – April 2018. sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri yang berjumlah 25 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple Random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner, dan analisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Dari hasil analisis penelitian hubungan pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan didapatkan 15 responden yang berpengetahuan tinggi 8 orang (53,3%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (46,70%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. 13 responden yang sikap positif 6 orang (46,2%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (53,8%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. dari 14 responden yang mendapat dukungan keluarga dan 7 orang (46,2%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi dan 7 orang (53,8%) dengan tingkat kecemasan yang rendah. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,742 > ? 0,05, Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan sikap dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,529 > ? 0,05, Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tidak ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan dengan p value 0,495 > ? 0,05.

Download Full-text

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA RUPTURE PERINIUM DI KAMAR BESALIN RSUD IBNU SOETOWO BATURAJA KAB OKU TAHUN 2016

Masker Medika ◽

10.52523/maskermedika.v8i1.381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

Yeviza Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Maternity Hospital ◽

Survey Method ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Check List ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Birth Canal ◽

Relationship Of

Penduhuluan: Upaya penurunan AKI harus difokuskan pada penyebab langsung kematian ibu, yang terjadi 90% pada saat persalinan dan segera setelah persalinan, yaitu perdarahan (28%), eklamsia (24%), infeksi (11%), komplikasi pueperium 8%, partus macet 5%, abortus 5%, trauma obstetrik 5%, emboli 3%, dan lain-lain 11%. Robekan jalan lahir merupakan penyebab kedua setelah atonia uteri. Rupture perineum dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor maternal, faktor janin dan faktor penolong. Tujuan penelitian: Untuk mengetahui Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Rupture Perineum Di Kamar Bersalin RSUD Dr. H. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Tahun 2016. Metode penelitian: menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional . Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang melahirkan dikamar bersalin RSUD Dr. Ibnu Soetowo periode Januari - Februari 2016. Sampel penelitian menggunakan metode Simple Random sampling dan didapatkan 76 orang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RSUD Dr. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Pengumpulan data melalui check list. Pengolahan data secara analisa univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian: didapatkan hasil ada hubungan antara berat badan lahir dengan kejadian rupture perineum (p value 0,000), Jarak Kelahiran dengan kejadian rupture perineum (p value 0,000) dan Paritas dengan kejadian Rupture Perineum (p value 0,002). Introduction: Efforts to reduce MMR should be focused on the direct cause of maternal death, which occurs 90% during labor and immediately after delivery, namely bleeding (28%), eclampsia (24%), infection (11%), complications of 8% pueperium, parturition traffic jam 5%, abortion 5%, obstetric trauma 5%, embolism 3%, etc. 11%. Tearing of the birth canal is the second cause after uterine atony. Perineal rupture is influenced by several factors, namely maternal factors, fetal factors and helping factors. The purpose of this study: To determine the relationship of factors that influence the occurrence of rupture of the perineum in the delivery room of RSUD Dr. H. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja Ogan Komering Ulu Regency in 2016. The research method: using analytic survey method with cross sectionalapproach. The population in this study were all mothers giving birth in the maternity hospital Dr. Ibnu Soetowo for the period January - February 2016. The research sample used the Simple Random Sampling method and found 76 people. The study was conducted at Dr. Ibnu Sutowo Baturaja Ogan Komering Ulu Regency. Data collection through check list. Univariate and bivariate analysis of data processing. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between birth weight and the incidence of perineal rupture (p value 0,000), birth distance with perineal rupture event (p value 0,000) and parity with perineumrupture (p value 0.002).

Download Full-text

Relationship of Respondent’s Characteristic with The Risk of Diabetes Mellitus and Dislipidemia at Tanah Kalikedinding

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v5i12017.130-141 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Nina Widyasari

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Regular Control ◽

The World ◽

Relationship Of

Non-communicable diseases is one of the health problems of the world and Indonesia, which until now is still a concern in the world of health because of one cause of death. Several types of PTM encountered are dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship of age, sex, and education with DM and dyslipidemia in Tanah Kecamatan kecamatan kecamatan This study is a cross sectional study. The population in this study is all residents who live in RT 05 RW 02 Kelurahan Tanah kali Kedinding Kenjeran District with a population of 125 KK consisting of 402 people. The sample was taken by simple random sampling with Slovin formula of 125 KK. The sample in this research is 50 people. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship of age of respondents (p value = 0.005); Respondent’s gender (p value = 0,000); Education last respondent (p value = 0,001) with risk of Diabetes Mellitus disease. And there is a significant relation between age of respondent (p value = 0,007); Gender (p value = 0,000); Education (p value = 0,000) with the risk of dyslipidemia. It is suggested to residents of Kalikedinding lands that implementing improved lifestyle by undergoing regular control of eating habits, exercise, and blood glucose and dyslipidemia checkups is necessary. Keywords: non-communicable diseases, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia

Download Full-text

KONSUMSI SUPLEMEN, ASUPAN ENERGI DAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI ATLET DI PERSTUAN BULUTANGKIS KABUPATEN KUDUS

Nutri-Sains Jurnal Gizi Pangan dan Aplikasinya ◽

10.21580/ns.2017.1.2.2472 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Tri Hastin Khusmalinda ◽

Siti Zulaekah

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Observational Research ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Consumption Energy ◽

Relationship Of

Low consumption of supplements and energy intake can a decrease athlete performance because it is unable to restore stamina. The purpose of this study to determine whether there is a relationship between the consumption of supplements and energy intake of physical fitness athletes in Badminton Association of Kudus Regency. The type of this research is observational research with cross sectional approach. The sample size used was 33 athletes <18 years old. Sampling was done by using simple random sampling method. Taking supplement consumption data was obtained by filling out the questionnaire. Energy intake data were obtained through questionnaire food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) semi-quantitative. Physical fitness is obtained by performing a fitness test (beep test). Analysis relationship of the supplement consumption, energy intake and physical fitness using pearson product moment test. Respondents with consumption levels of supplements were often 84.8%, rarely 12.1% and never 3%. The results of energy intake study with severe deficit category 9.1%, moderate deficit absent or 0%, light deficit 3%, normal 45,5%, above requirement 42,4%.Physical fitness levels of athletes in the category of superior 21.2%, excellent 30.3%, above average 24.2%, an average of 15.2% and below the average of 9.1%. The result of analysis of the relationship between consumption of supplement with physical fitness showed p value = 0,477 and result of analysis of energy intake relationship with physical fitness showed p value = 0,535. The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between supplement consumption and energy intake on physical fitness.

Download Full-text

HUBUNGAN PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TENTANG KPSP (KUESIONER PRA SKRINING PERKEMBANGAN) DENGAN PENGETAHUAN GURU KB TK TENTANG KPSP

Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Media Husada ◽

10.33475/jikmh.v10i2.262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 115-123

Author(s):

Nurun Nikmah ◽

Lidia Aditama Putri ◽

Novi Anggraeni ◽

Rizqy Aulia Savitri ◽

Rina Arfandiyah

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Health Workers ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Kindergarten Teachers ◽

P Value ◽

Average Value ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The KPSP (Pre-Development Screening Questionnaire) examination which is carried out for early detection of growth and development of children aged 0-72 months is actually not only the task of health workers, but also people who often interact with children, one of which is Playgroup and Kindergarten teachers. But unfortunately, it’s very rare for these playgroup and kindergarten teachers to understand and carry out KPSP examinations for their students. This study aims to analyze the relationship of health education about KPSP with the knowledge of playgroup and kindergarten teachers about KPSP. It was pre-post test design, the sample werw taken randomly by simple random sampling on 33 playgroup and kindergarten teachers at Permata Hati Bangkalan and Taman Posyandu Eforbia Bangkalan. The data were analyzed using paired T-test with a significance of =0.05 using SPSS. The results showed that there was a relationship between health education about KPSP with the knowledge of Plygroup and Kindergarten teachers about KPSP (p value < 0.001). The average value of teachers knowledge about KPSP has increased before and after health education, from 49.39 to 62.88. It can be concluded that educational activities through health education are effective in increasing the knowledge of Playgroup and Kindergarten teachers about KPSP.

Download Full-text

Kondisi Fisik Rumah Dan Perilaku Keluargadengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut

Jurnal Endurance ◽

10.22216/jen.v3i3.1295 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 449

Author(s):

Fadhita Rizkilla ◽

Riski Novera Yenita

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

Physical Condition ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Behavior ◽

Relationship Of

This study aims to determine the Relationship of the house physical condition and behavior of family with incident of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in the workplace UPTD Health center Siak district Siak. This type of research is quantitative with cross sectional design. This research was conducted toward community inthe workplace UPTD Health center Siak especially Kampung Rempak Village with a sample of 302 house. The sampling technique in this study using the simple random sampling. The data were analyzed by Chi Square statistic test on house physical condition on the occurrence of ARI value of p value 0,002 ≤ value of α (0,05) and family behavior toward ISPA value p value 0,001 ≤ value α (0,05), hence can be drawn conclusion that there is a significant relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. If p value> α value (0,05, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the independent variabel and dependent variabel. Whereas if the p value > α value (0,05) it can be concluded that there is no relationship between the independent variabel and dependent variabel. The conclusion of this discussion there is his relationship of the house physical condition and behavior of family with incident of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in the workplace UPTD Health center Siak district Siak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi fisik rumah dan perilaku keluarga dengan kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Siak Kabupaten Siak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain Cross Sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap masyarakat di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Siak khususnya kelurahan Kampung Rempak dengan sampel 302 rumah. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan simple random sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square pada kondisi fisik rumah terhadap kejadian ISPA nilai p value 0,002 ≤ nilai α (0,05) dan perilaku keluarga terhadap kejadian ISPA nilai p value 0,001 ≤ nilai α (0,05), maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara variabel independen dan variabel dependen. Jika p value > nilai α (0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara variabel independen dan dependen. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari pembahasan ini adanya hubungan kondisi fisik rumah dan perilaku keluarga dengan kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Siak Kabupaten Siak.

Download Full-text

The Relationship of Drinking Water Depot Sanitation with the Presence of Coliform and Eschericia Coli

MIRACLE Journal Of Public Health ◽

10.36566/mjph/vol4.iss2/264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 187-194

Author(s):

Asmawati Badun

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Study Population ◽

Relationship Of

The coverage of sanitation in Indonesia, especially in drinking water, is known to have not been in accordance with the needs of the population. Likewise in Kendari District where drinking water facilities (depots) and the quality of the water produced do not meet health requirements. This study aims to determine the correlation of drinking water depot sanitation hygiene with the presence of Coliform and Eschericia Coli bacteria in Kendari District. The type of study is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design. The study population, namely all drinking water depots in the working area of the Kendari District, amounted to 14 depots with a simple random sampling of 13 depots. Testing the data using the Fisher's Exact Test. The results of the study on sanitation hygiene of the place obtained p-value=0.014 and phi test=0.822, the results of the test on hygiene and sanitation of equipment obtained p-value=0.014 and phi test=0.822, while the sanitation hygiene of the handlers obtained p-value=0.003 and phi test=1.000. This means that there is a strong relationship between sanitation hygiene of premises, equipment and handlers with the presence of Coliform and Eschericia Coli bacteria in Kendari District. It is hoped that health center will actively conduct counseling in order to increase public insight and knowledge about sanitation hygiene of places, equipment and handlers at drinking water depots.

Download Full-text