scholarly journals Reaching beyond the ‘worried well’: pre-adoption characteristics of participants in ‘Men on the Move’, a community-based physical activity programme

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. e192-e202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Kelly ◽  
Michael Harrison ◽  
Noel Richardson ◽  
Paula Carroll ◽  
Steve Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adult Men

Abstract Background Issues surrounding gender and men’s health have become an increasing focus of public health globally. Unhealthy lifestyles and lower engagement in health promotion initiatives contributed to lower life expectancy and higher mortality rates among men. This study presents the pre-adoption characteristics of men who registered for ‘Men on the Move’—a community-based physical activity (CBPA) programme, to ascertain whether the programme reached its intended target group, i.e. ‘at-risk’ adult men who did not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines and were likely to have multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods Multiple recruitment strategies were adopted to engage the target group and baseline data collection included a range of demographic, self-report and outcome measures. Results The recruitment strategy succeeded in reaching the target group, with the majority (n = 927) presenting being previously inactive (89.0%), overweight/obese (89.7%) and having multiple CVD risk factors (53.1% ≥ 2 risk factors). However, the strategy was less successful in engaging ‘hard-to-reach’ groups, with the majority being middle-aged, white, married/cohabiting, educated and employed. Conclusions A gender-sensitized, partnership and community outreach recruitment strategy can maximize the reach and recruitment of an ‘at-risk’ cohort for CBPA initiatives, but more targeted approaches are needed to recruit marginalized groups of men.

Adverse Effects Of Coexistence Of Sarcopenia And Obesity On Cvd Risk Factors And Physical Activity Impairments In Japanese Adult Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Taishi Furushima ◽  
Motohiko Miyachi ◽  
Motoyuki Iemitsu ◽  
Haruka Murakami ◽  
Hiroshi Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Japanese Adult ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Adult Men

Abstract P164: Risk Factors Of Undiagnosed Diabetes And Hypertension In Arkansas

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eryn Matich ◽  
Namvar Zohoori ◽  
L. Joseph Su ◽  
Ping-Ching Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension

Introduction: Hypertension and diabetes are issues in the US especially in the south. In Arkansas, an estimated 797,000 adults have prediabetes and are at risk for diabetes. We aimed to assess cardiometabolic risk factors and impact of nutrition-related indicators in self-identified diabetes and hypertension patients and those at risk. Method: Data were analyzed from the 2008 Arkansas Cardiovascular Health Examination Survey (n=1,383), which used probability sampling to obtain a representative sample of Arkansas residents. A self-report survey was administered on health history, socioeconomic status (SES), lifestyle, and diet. Blood biomarkers were measured and compared for those who self-reported diabetes or hypertension with those who were at risk. Results: We used t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables with statistical significance at p<0.05. We hypothesized that participants with undiagnosed diabetes or hypertension had less access to care (SES as a surrogate) and worse health behavior than the diagnosed groups. Significant differences in SES, behaviors, nutrients, and biomarkers were observed between healthy vs. both diagnosed and undiagnosed groups. Surprisingly, we found that undiagnosed groups had higher average food security than the diagnosed groups. Also, some of the health behaviors including alcohol consumption were 5-6 fold higher among the undiagnosed and healthy groups as compared to currently diagnosed diabetes group. Moderate physical activity was about 2 fold higher among the healthy (5.5 hours/week) as compared to undiagnosed hypertension group (3 hours/week). In addition, the currently diagnosed groups seem to have some improved dietary habits based on higher levels of vegetable and fruit consumption and lower blood cholesterol. We have also found that both the healthy and undiagnosed diabetes groups had above normal or high triglyceride levels. Conclusion: Undiagnosed diabetes and hypertension do not have serious symptoms, but are dangerous health conditions. From our findings, targeted education should be implemented among all people, especially on access to food, vegetable and fruit consumption, alcohol use, physical activity, cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

scholarly journals Geographical profiles of cardiovascular risk and the risk factors in China: data from a nationwide population-based screening project

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Q Wu ◽  
X Li ◽  
J.P Lu ◽  
B.W Chen ◽  
Y.C Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Food Factor ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Activity Factor

Abstract Background In China, an abundance of cardiovascular risk factors has contributed to the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which caused almost 4 million deaths per year. However, comprehensive evidence on the geographical profiles of cardiovascular disease risk in China is lacking, as findings in prior studies have been limited to relatively small sample sizes, had incomplete regional coverage, or focused on a narrow risk factor spectrum. Purpose To compare the population CVD risk among different regions across China, and to describe the geographical distributions of CVD risk factors and their clusters throughout the nation. Methods In a nationwide population-based screening project covering 252 counties of China, standardized measurements were conducted to collect information on 12 major CVD risk factors. Individuals of high CVD risk were identified as those with previous CVD, or with a predicted 10-year risk of CVD greater than 10% according to the WHO risk prediction charts. We applied factor analysis to generate “clusters” that characterized the clustering of these risk factors, then explored their relationship with the local ambient temperature and per capital GDP. Results Among 983476 participants included, 9.2% were of high CVD risk, with a range of 1.6% to 23.6% across counties. Among the seven regions in China, the rate was relatively high in the Northeast (11.8%) and North China (10.4%), while low in the South China (7.2%) and Northwest (7.8%). We identified 6 clusters underlying CVD risk factors, including Obesity factor, Blood pressure factor, Staple food factor, Non-staple food factor, Smoking and alcohol factor, and Metabolic and physical activity factor (Figure). We found high risk regions were facing different leading challenges, like obesity and blood pressure for the North China, while unhealthy non-staple food for the Northeast. The South China, as the region with the lowest CVD risk, still had the highest prevalence of unhealthy staple food. Lower annual average ambient temperature was associated with higher risk in Blood pressure factor, Obesity factor and Non-staple food factor, but lower risk in Staple food factor and Metabolic and physical activity factor (p&lt;0.001 for all), consistently between rural and urban. Higher per capital GDP was associated with lower risk in Non-staple food factor in urban and higher risk in Metabolic and physical activity factor in rural (p&lt;0.05 for both). The correlation between per capital GDP and Smoking and alcohol factor differed significantly between in rural and urban regions (p=0.042). Conclusions The geographical profile of CVD risk in China is complex - population risk levels varied substantially across regions, which were contributed by different risk factors. China needs geographically targeted intervention strategies considering environmental and socio-economic factors to control CVD risk and reduce the burden related to CVD. Geographical disparity of risk clusters Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The National Key Research and Development Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China; the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

Physical activity less than the recommended amount may prevent the onset of major biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a cohort study of 198 919 adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Martinez-Gomez ◽  
Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽  
Esther Lopez-Garcia ◽  
Esther García-Esquinas ◽  
Kabir P Sadarangani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia

ObjectivesWe examined the dose–response relationship between physical activity (PA) and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults in Taiwan.MethodsThis study included 1 98 919 participants, aged 18–97 years, free of CVD, cancer and diabetes at baseline (1997–2013), who were followed until 2016. At baseline, participants were classified into five PA levels: inactive’ (0 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h/week), ‘lower insufficiently active’ (0.1–3.75 MET-h/week), ‘upper insufficiently active’ (3.75–7.49 MET-h/week), ‘active’ (7.5–14.99 MET-h/week) and ‘highly active’ (≥15 MET-h/week]. CVD risk factors were assessed at baseline and at follow-up by physical examination and laboratory tests. Analyses were performed with Cox regression and adjusted for the main confounders.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 6.0±4.5 years (range 0.5–19 years), 20 447 individuals developed obesity, 19 619 hypertension, 21 592 hypercholesterolaemia, 14 164 atherogenic dyslipidaemia, 24 275 metabolic syndrome and 8548 type 2 diabetes. Compared with inactive participants, those in the upper insufficiently active (but not active) category had a lower risk of obesity (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.88 to 0.95), atherogenic dyslipidaemia (0.96; 0.90 to 0.99), metabolic syndrome (0.95; 0.92 to 0.99) and type 2 diabetes (0.91; 0.86 to 0.97). Only highly active individuals showed a lower incidence of CVD risk factors than their upper insufficiently active counterparts.ConclusionCompared with being inactive, doing half the recommended amount of PA is associated with a lower incidence of several common biological CVD risk factors. Given these benefits, half the recommended amount of PA is an evidence based target for inactive adults.

Domestic Physical Activity in Relationship to Multiple CVD Risk Factors

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-327.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Stamatakis ◽  
Melvyn Hillsdon ◽  
Paola Primatesta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk factors among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care centre of eastern India: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Mukhopadhay ◽  
Anindya Mukherjee ◽  
Dibbendhu Khanra ◽  
Biaus Samanta ◽  
Avik Karak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Abstract Background Handful studies report the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among medical students from India and none from the eastern part of the country. Aim To estimate the prevalence of risk factors of CVD and their correlation with CVD risk ratio among the MBBS students from eastern India. Methods 433 students were studied. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form was used for assessment of physical activity and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to elicit psychological stress levels. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was calculated. Total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio was calculated as the CVD risk ratio. Results 39.3% were women and 68.6% of the subjects were in junior classes. 22.4% subjects had high PSS while 30% performed low physical activity. Tobacco and alcohol intake was prevalent in 29.3% and 21.0% respectively. High CVD risk ratio was found in 14.3%. Most risk factors were more prevalent among juniors except diabetes. Among the non-overweight and non-obese subjects there was a significant positive correlation between WHtR and CVD risk score (R = 0.33, p < 0.001). 82.7% of the variance in CVD risk ratio could be explained by WHtR, Body mass index, Triglycerides and Low-density lipoprotein (F(7, 425) = 296.085), of which LDL (β = 0.755) contributed the most. Conclusions High prevalence of different modifiable CVD risk factors revealed among the subjects in this study is concerning. WHtR appears promising as an independent early predictor of CVD risk in Indian population. A dedicated CVD risk assessment tool for the young population is necessary.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Risk Factors Oxidative Stress In Obesity Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpha Olivia Hidayati ◽  
Ernawati Hardani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Fiber Consumption

Obesity is a condition of imbalance in the number of calories entered by the number of calories where the excess is heaped up as body fat. Obesity followed by an increase in fat metabolism will cause Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production to increase. This condition causes oxidative stress. Indicators of oxidative stress can be observed from plasma levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA). This study aims to determine the risk factors for oxidative stress in obese women. The results of this study indicate that high fat intake (> 60 g / day) is at risk of increasing MDA-P levels twice. Low fiber consumption (<30 gr / day) gives the risk of an increase in MDA-P levels of 2.09 times. Poor physical activity is a risk factor for MDA-P increase of 1.15 times. High cholesterol (> 200mg / l) and LDL (> 130 mg / l) and low HDL (≤45mg / dl) levels are at risk of increasing MDA-P levels by 1.02 times (cholesterol), 1.13 (LDL) ) and 1.12 (HDL). Based on this study it can be concluded that high fat intake, low fiber intake, low physical activity, high cholesterol and HDL levels and low HDL levels are risk factors for oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Feasibility of cardiovascular risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 2255
Author(s):  
Anabela Fonseca ◽  
Tacio Lima ◽  
Margarida Castelo-Branco ◽  
Isabel Vitória Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Screening Programs

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of human mortality. As highly accessible and qualified health professionals, community pharmacists can be included in the early detection of patients at risk for CVD by implementing CVD screening programs. Objective: To assess the feasibility of CVD risk screening services in Portuguese community pharmacies from the evaluation of customers acceptability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community pharmacy in Portugal. The purpose of entering the pharmacy was recorded for all customers. Afterwards, the customers were invited to be interviewed by the pharmacist, who registered their willingness to participate and collected the participants’ data and biochemical and physical parameters to assess their CV risk by applying the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model. For the participants who were not eligible for the SCORE-based risk assessment, the pharmacist considered the major modifiable CVD risk factors - hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking habits, obesity, impaired fasting glucose and sedentary behavior - according to the ESC guidelines. Results: Picking up medication was the most prevalent reason 69.8% (n=1,600) for entering the pharmacy, and among the contacted customers, 56.4% (n=621) agreed to have their CVD risk assessed. Of the 588 participants, 56.6% (n=333) were already on CV pharmacotherapy and were therefore not eligible for screening. Of the 43.4% (n=255) CV pharmacotherapy-naïve participants, 94.9% (n=242) were screened with at least one CVD risk factor; 52.9% (n=135) were not eligible for the SCORE assessment, of which 92.6% (n=125) presented CVD risk factors. Of the 120 SCORE eligible participants, 80.0% (n=96) were at least at moderate risk of CVD. Conclusions: We determined the feasibility of CVD risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies, as we found high customer acceptability, noted the reasons for nonattendance, and found a high prevalence of CVD risk factors in at-risk patients. This is an opportunity for Portuguese community pharmacists to take a leading role in the early detection of CVD.

Abstract 042: Accelerometer-measured Light Physical Activity is Heart Healthy in Older Women: The OPACH Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Z LaCroix ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
Eileen Rillamas-Sun ◽  
Kelly R Evenson ◽  
Chongzhi Di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Light Physical Activity ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Morbidity Score ◽  
Co Morbidity

Background: The longstanding, prevailing paradigm in physical activity (PA) research and US PA guidelines is that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for at least 150 minutes/week, preferably in increments of at least 10 minutes, is needed to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. Because light physical activity (LPA; 1.1-<3 metabolic equivalents (METs)) is poorly measured by self-report, we know little about its association with CVD. Methods: Women’s Health Initiative participants in the OPACH Study (n=5861, mean age=78.5±6.7, 33.5% Black, 17.6% Hispanic) without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke wore accelerometers for up to 7 days and were followed for incident CVD for up to 4 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD) across awake wear time adjusted quartiles of MVPA and LPA. Fully adjusted models accounted for age, race-ethnicity, smoking, education, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, co-morbidity score, physical function, and self-rated health. We then examined the LPA association with CVD/CHD after adjustment for MVPA. Results: Higher levels of both LPA and MVPA were associated with reduced risks of CVD and CHD after adjusting for covariates (Table; p-trend <0.05, all). Women with the highest vs. lowest levels of MVPA had markedly reduced risks of CVD (31%) and CHD (50%). Women in the highest vs. lowest quartiles of LPA had 22% reduced risks of CVD and 39% reduced risks of CHD even after adjustment for many indicators of health status and CVD risk factors. The LPA association with CVD persisted after adjustment for MVPA (highest vs. lowest LPA quartile HR: 0.81 for CVD, p-trend=0.01; 0.74 for CHD, p-trend=0.04). Conclusions: LPA is associated with reduced risks of incident CVD and CHD in older women independent of health status indicators, CVD risk factors, and MVPA. Increasing levels of LPA is an achievable behavioral intervention for improving heart health in older women.

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