scholarly journals On the comparative osteological forms in the adult euro­pean male and female of the human species

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 207-207
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual

With a view to the future investigation of the osteological developement of the human race, the author gives, in the present paper, the results of a great number of measurements, which he has very carefully made, of the dimensions of the different bones composing the adult human skeleton. The male bones examined were those in the collection of Dr. Monro 3 the female bones were furnished by Dr. Hamilton. The author was anxious to fix on some one dimen­sion in the skeleton which might be taken as the standard of all the measurements: and finding that no bone of the trunk or limbs pos­sessed the requisite characters for that purpose, he sought for it in the cranium; and the result of an extensive series of observations led him to adopt as the standard of measure the distance between the prolongations of the zygomatic ridges, immediately over the meatus auditorius externus, as being that dimension which was less liable to variation than any other of the human cranium. This line he deno­minates the auricular transverse ; and, adopting a scale of which the unit is the 14th part of this line, being generally about the third of an inch, he states at length, in multiples of this unit, the dimensions, in different directions, of almost every bone in the skeleton; noting more especially the differences that occur in those of the two sexes. Of these measurements, which are given in much detail, and in many instances arranged in a tabular form, it is impossible to give any abridgement. The conclusion he deduces from his inquiry is, that every bone in the body exhibits certain modifications, according to the sex of the individual.

A Rapture of the Nerds? A Comparison between Transhumanist Eschatology and Christian Parousia

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-367
Author(s):  
Roberto Paura
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Point Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Species ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe

Transhumanism is one of the main “ideologies of the future” that has emerged in recent decades. Its program for the enhancement of the human species during this century pursues the ultimate goal of immortality, through the creation of human brain emulations. Therefore, transhumanism offers its fol- lowers an explicit eschatology, a vision of the ultimate future of our civilization that in some cases coincides with the ultimate future of the universe, as in Frank Tipler’s Omega Point theory. The essay aims to analyze the points of comparison and opposition between transhumanist and Christian eschatologies, in particular considering the “incarnationist” view of Parousia. After an introduction concern- ing the problems posed by new scientific and cosmological theories to traditional Christian eschatology, causing the debate between “incarnationists” and “escha- tologists,” the article analyzes the transhumanist idea of mind-uploading through the possibility of making emulations of the human brain and perfect simulations of the reality we live in. In the last section the problems raised by these theories are analyzed from the point of Christian theology, in particular the proposal of a transhuman species through the emulation of the body and mind of human beings. The possibility of a transhumanist eschatology in line with the incarnationist view of Parousia is refused.

scholarly journals Capí­tulo Segundo: Mundo Reo.

Xihmai ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Ignacio Panedas Galindo
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Human Race ◽  
End Of History ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Future ◽  
The End Of History ◽  
The Individual

Resumen Cuando se empezaron a conocer los testimonios de los supervivientes de los campos de exterminio nazis, la humanidad se consternó. El sufrimiento provocado y la aplicación sistemática y consciente de la técnica a la destrucción de la persona, fueron descubrimientos que pusieron en alerta al hombre sobre la naturaleza del hombre mismo.   Tanto fue el horror que se alcanzó a entrever a través de las narraciones que el  tiempo  se  congeló.  El  reclamo  silencioso  de  las  auténticas  ví­ctimas, quienes murieron, se suspendió en el aire de la memoria hasta que los responsables reconocieran sus culpas. El olvido no podí­a abrazar tan profundos crí­menes.   Por este motivo no puede realizarse el fin de la historia. Los sufrimientos del hombre provocados hasta este grado por el mismo hombre fuerzan un pendiente que ya no puede borrarse. El grito de dolor recuerda a las generaciones futuras la necesidad de una reparación, del perdón, del reconocimiento.   Palabras Clave: Testimonio, memoria, campos de exterminio, fenomenologí­a, hermenéutica, sufrimiento, herencia.   Abstract When testimony from the survivors from Nazi extermination fields were first known, the human race filled with dismay. The suffering provoked and the systematic conscious application of the technique of destruction of the individual, were discoveries that alerted the individual on the nature of the individual itself.   Such a horror was seen through the narrations that time froze.     The silent demand from the authentic victims, who died, was suspended on the air of memory until the responsible recognized their  guilt. Obscurity could not hold such deep crimes.   For this reason the end of history cannot be made. The suffering of the individual provoked up to this point by the individual itself, force an unresolved point that cannot be erased.   The scream of pain reminds the future generations the need to repair, forgive and recognize it.   Key words: Testimony, memory, extermination fields, phenomenology, hermeneutics, suffering, inheritance.

Toward a Comparative Politics of France

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Elgie ◽  
Emiliano Grossman ◽  
Amy G. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Politics ◽  
French Politics ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inside Out

This chapter returns to the questions that were introduced in the Handbook’s Introduction. The first section identifies four distinct periods in the study of French politics, revisiting the outside-in/inside-out themes of the Handbook. The second section focuses on the individual chapters in more detail and classifies them in terms of what they tell us about the study of French politics and whether there has been convergence or divergence between the study of French politics in France and comparative work outside France. In the third section, potential explanations for trends across the chapters are explored in terms of three patterns: convergence, asymmetry, and divergence. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the future for a comparative politics of France.

scholarly journals Why Aquinas’s Metaphysics of Gender Is Fundamentally Correct: A Response to John Finley

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
William Newton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sex Reassignment Surgery ◽  
Sex Reassignment ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Generative Power ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

In an important article, John Finley suggests a correction to Aquinas’s understanding of gender distinction. Disagreeing with Aquinas, Finley proposes that gender distinction (male and female) stems from the soul rather than from the body. In this essay, I will show that this is not a tenable position because it does not fit with either what we know about the physical development of sex differences or the unity of man and woman as a single human species. I will defend Aquinas’s fundamental insights into the root of gender distinction without defending his biological understanding of the process itself. I will argue that there is a single generic generative power in the soul that is determined by the matter to which the soul is united, to be expressed as either male or female. This paradigm, I believe, copes better than the one offered by Finley with phenomena such as intersexed persons and sex reassignment surgery. While I do not accept the idea of a feminine or masculine soul, the paradigm offered here does lead to the notion of the soul being feminized or masculinized on account of the matter that it informs.

scholarly journals Korelasi Usia Metabolik terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Sri Yuliani ◽  
Elsa Trinovita
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Metabolic Age ◽  
The Individual

Excessive fat accumulation in the body causes an increase in Body Mass Index (BMI). Increased BMI and comorbidities affect the metabolic rate. Metabolic age was influenced by the individual metabolic rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of metabolic age to BMI increasement. This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling method to obtain 82 male and female subjects. Subjects were measured for BMI and metabolic age. Collected data was analyzed univariately and bivariate correlatively. The result showed a significant correlation between metabolic age and BMI (p = 0,001) with r = 0,812. The conclusion of this study is the increase in BMI, the higher the metabolic age.

scholarly journals METHODS OF STUDENTS PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT ON DEPARTMENT OF THERAPEUTIC DENTISTRY

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.М. Ilenko ◽  
O.M. Boychenko
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Future Doctor

The article emphasises the development of motives and needs of a medical student as one of the most relevant issues in motivation psychology for a future doctor. The importance of this problem is beyond a shadow of doubt, since the issue of the development of motives and needs is closely linked with the development of the individual on the whole. The motive can also be defined as the concept, which in a generalizing form says that there are many predilections. It activates the body, stimulates its behaviour and is aimed at determining what is needed. In the process of human activity, the personality develops and the environment in which the person lives is transformed. Needs are the driving force of personality development. Motives (predilections), needs and goals are components of the human’s motivational sphere. Considering the motivation of educational activity, it must be emphasized that the concept of motive is closely related to the concept of purpose and need. Motivational sphere includes: the need for learning, the importance of learning, the motive to learn, purpose, emotions, attitude and interest. The ability to create situations which promote the interest in the teacher as well as in learning. The more active are the teaching methods, the easier it is for the students to get interested. One of such methods at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry is the realization of a programme of practical classes for highly motivated students, whose goal is to develop practical skills related to the future profession of the dentist during the course of preliminary training. Nowadays requires not only to improve methods in which the principle of mere repetition is basic and leads to intellectual and physical overload of students, but by means of finding new, more effective methods of educational and cognitive activity of students, to form their professional motivation. The article is devoted to the questions of motivation of the future doctor and the formation of his needs for constant self-improvement during practical classes and the individual work beyond the requirements of the programme.

Biology, morphology and anatomy of aphidophagous syrphid larvae

Parasitology ◽  
1939 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madan Lal Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Syrphid Larvae

The paper deals with the biology, morphology and anatomy of seven species of syrphid larvae viz. Syrphus luniger Meig., S. balteatus De Greer, S. ribesii Linne, Catabomba pyrastri Linne, Sphaerophoria flavicauda Zett., Sph. scripta Linne, and Platychirus scutatus Meig.The habitat, mode of progression, aphidophagous habits and characteristic coloration are described for each species.It is shown that the larvae of all the above species, like larvae of other cyclorrhaphous Diptera, definitely pass through three stages separated by two moults. The mode of dehiscence of the puparium is described briefly.Each of the species, except Catabomba pyrastri, has three generations in the breeding season which lasts from May to October. Platychirus scutatus hibernates only in the larval stage, but the other species may be found in both the larval and pupal stages during the winter.The larvae of all the above species, except Syrphus balteatus, are commonly parasitized by ichneumonid larvae.The morphology of the egg, the three larval stages and the puparium of S. luniger is described in detail.The characters common to the third stage larvae of all the species dealt with are summarized and short descriptions of the third stage larvae and puparia of the individual species are given. The general appearance of the living larvae and details of the buccopharyngeal armature, spiracles and puparia of each of the species is represented in figures.In connexion with the pupae a number of new structures are described and it is suggested that some of them are concerned with the formation of the characteristic shape of the puparium and with the dehiscence of the puparium.Internal pupal spiracles are present in all the species dealt with, but external pupal spiracles are present only in Platychirus scutatus.The anatomy of P. scutatus is described and figured, an account being given of all the structures except the musculature of the body wall. Study of the anatomy affords evidence as to the carnivorous mode of life of the larvae and also indicates that the larvae have evolved from aquatic forms.The comparative morphology of the Syrphinae is discussed with respect to the relationship of the Syrphinae to other Aschiza and to the cyclorrhaphous Diptera.

The Illusion of Continuity

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Sobosan
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

Because human existence is indelibly marked by ignorance, faith always exists within an ambience of doubt. This is the truth recorded in the third chapter of Genesis when we read of the “curse” laid on man for his disobedience. For the truth of this curse is not first of all one involving the pain and death in human existence, but the fact that man no longer sees God face to face. What we call in this paper “the illusion of continuity” is the psychological attempt to deny this truth, through asserting that the individual can plan his life in such a way that no events can intrude upon and destroy its intelligibility and meaning. We will criticize this denial as both an explicit attempt to exempt the individual from the Genetic curse of ignorance as well as an implicit affirmation that one can see and control the future as God himself does.

Additional Notes on the Röntgen X-Rays

1897 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
John Macintyre
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Present Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Induction Coil ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Current Passing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Parts

The first series of photographs thrown on the screen included the different parts of the human skeleton. The second series illustrated photographs of the soft tissues, such as the tongue, larynx, heart, and diaphragm, all from the living subject. The third series were taken with a view to reduction of the time in exposure. With the fourth is given a description of some experiments upon attempts to polarise the x-rays.The apparatus now most commonly employed was used in these experiments, viz., electricity (from the main), an induction coil giving a range of from 2 to 10 inch spark as required, a Crooke's tube having an aluminium cathodal disc, and a small plate of platinum for the positive pole. It is now known as the focus tube. Paget xxxxx-plates were used, as no particular advantage had been obtained from those specially prepared. The following points, amongst others, were found to be of great service in obtaining the best results:—Firstly, the current passing to the coil should be regulated according to the work to be done, and as little variation as possible should take place during the exposure. Primary batteries are not as satisfactory on account of this, and the best source is from the main. Lord Kelvin's cell tester and ampere gauge were used in the experiments, and any variations in the current were regulated by means of a rheostat. Secondly, the Apps or other coil or transformer must give, with the present form of tube, six inches or even more of spark when the deeper tissues of the body, such as the spine, are being taken. Thirdly, the vacuum of the tube should be carefully regulated and tested to give the maximum results.

scholarly journals Research and Human Rights – Surrogacy and Interference in Human Genome

2018 ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Kalomoira K. Sakellaraki
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Genetic Technology ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The development of biotechnology and life sciences has led to a clash between the endeavor for research and human dignity. Issues have been raised about biotechnological practices, not only for treatment but also for research. Genetic technology refers to the methods that make enable the interference in the structure of the genes that are found in the cell nucleus. The body of all this information is the individual's genome. By mapping the genome, it is now possible to diagnose hereditary diseases and abnormalities that humans might develop after their birth and during their lifetime. Such techniques and investigations lead not only to negative eugenics by the fetus' exclusion due to an abnormality, but to a positive one as well because perfect humans are chosen for implantation. Law, therefore, faces life as damage. Such cases have led to the enactment of a law which stipulates that life deserves/is worth per se, and the recognition of the individual's right not to be born with the value of individual is incompatible. On the contrary, it is argued that neither can the individual submit to a transcendent value of the human genus nor can the individual right to resort to Justice for a health problem that makes life difficult be annulled. Nevertheless, it appears that such a process leads to the hetero-definition of the human species and inevitably to the abasement of human dignity, since the principle of dissimilarity is abolished, and healthy patterns are created. Typical is the case of Recommendation 932 of the Council of Europe, which states that as a person has the right to life and human dignity, so one has the right to unchangeable hereditary features.

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