Larvicidal activity of Azadirachta indica, Melaleuca alternifolia, and Carapa guianensis oil compounds and Carica papaya fermented extract on Aedes aegypti Larvicidal activity of oil compounds on Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Torres ◽  
Luis A.R. Lima ◽  
Maria do Carmo A. Lima ◽  
Lêucio C. Alves ◽  
Valdemiro A.S. Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Carapa Guianensis

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the structural changes of Aedes aegypti larvae submitted to treatment with a product based on Azadirachta indica, Melaleuca alternifolia, Carapa guianensis oils and Carica papaya fermented extract. The larvae were exposed for 24h to the experimental groups: product formulated in concentrations of 50% (G1), 25% (G2), and 12.5% (G3); and negative control groups based on water (CN1) and dimethyl sulfoxide (CN2). By the end of the experimental period, some larvae were fixed in 4% buffered glutaraldehyde solution to be processed for optical microscopy. Larvae exposed to G2 and G3 presented more structural damage of the mesentery, Malpighi tubules and nerve ganglia. We conclude that the product formulated in 12.5% and 25% concentrations can be used in the population control of the 3rd larvae stage of Aedes aegypti by causing lethal injuries and avoiding the larvae development.

scholarly journals Cumulative mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae treated with compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Maria Torres ◽  
Nadine Louise Nicolau da Cruz ◽  
Vitor Pereira de Matos Rolim ◽  
Maria Inês de Assis Cavalcanti ◽  
Leucio Câmara Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Carapa Guianensis

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the larvicidal activity of Azadirachta indica, Melaleuca alternifolia, carapa guianensis essential oils and fermented extract of Carica papaya against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae). METHODS The larvicide test was performed in triplicate with 300 larvae for each experimental group using the third larval stage, which were exposed for 24h. The groups were: positive control with industrial larvicide (BTI) in concentrations of 0.37 ppm (PC1) and 0.06 ppm (PC2); treated with compounds of essential oils and fermented extract, 50.0% concentration (G1); treated with compounds of essential oils and fermented extract, 25.0% concentration (G2); treated with compounds of essential oils and fermented extract, 12.5% concentration (G3); and negative control group using water (NC1) and using dimethyl (NC2). The larvae were monitored every 60 min using direct visualization. RESULTS No mortality occurred in experimental groups NC1 and NC2 in the 24h exposure period, whereas there was 100% mortality in the PC1 and PC2 groups compared to NC1 and NC2. Mortality rates of 65.0%, 50.0% and 78.0% were observed in the groups G1, G2 and G3 respectively, compared with NC1 and NC2. CONCLUSIONS The association between three essential oils from Azadirachta indica, Melaleuca alternifolia, Carapa guianensis and fermented extract of Carica papaya was efficient at all concentrations. Therefore, it can be used in Aedes aegypti Liverpool third larvae stage control programs.

scholarly journals Prospecting for special metabolites and larvicidal activity of ethanolic extracts from Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Neem), collected in Tauá-CE against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e48410111868
Author(s):  
Daniel Alves da Silva ◽  
Jakson Fernandes Lima ◽  
Glória Fernandes Lima ◽  
Luiza Michelly Gonçalves Lima ◽  
Luciel Narcísio Conceição Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

In the search for an alternative control against Aedes aegypti, many types of research are developed to discover substitutes for synthetic insecticides, including the use of oils, extracts, or active constituents from plants to find new insecticidal substances. The present work describes the phytochemical study results and evaluation of toxicity against Aedes aegypti larvae of ethanol extracts from Azadirachta indica A. Juss collected in Tauá-CE. Phytochemical tests were performed by different methods involving colorimetric, precipitation reactions, various metabolites such as alkaloids, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, steroids, and flavonols, flavonones, triterpenoids was evident in the active extracts. For the toxicity tests, different concentrations of ethanolic extracts (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 μg / mL) were prepared with sterile distilled water and dimethylsulfoxide - DMSO (1%), and then 20 mL of each solution was added. And 25 3rd stage larvae in plastic cups. All bioassays were performed in quadruplicate. DMSO in an aqueous solution was used as a negative control. As a result, the tested extracts proved toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae, with an LC50 value higher than the control (10%) and ranging from 12% to 46%. The results obtained show that all extracts have an important pharmacological and toxicological potential. They deserve to be investigated in studies for the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis, characterization and anti-dengue vector activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Azadirachta indica and Citrullus colocynthis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 200540
Author(s):  
Shafqat Rasool ◽  
Muhammad Akram Raza ◽  
Farkhanda Manzoor ◽  
Zakia Kanwal ◽  
Saira Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Vector Activity ◽  
Average Size

We report here biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of (i) Azadirachta indica leaves and (ii) Citrullus colocynthis fruit and their larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. The UV–Vis spectroscopy absorption peaks occurred in the range of 412–416 nm for A. indica AgNPs and 416–431 nm for C. colocynthis AgNPs indicating the silver nature of prepared colloidal samples. The scanning electron microscopy examination revealed the spherical morphology of both types of NPs with average size of 17 ± 4 nm ( A. indica AgNPs) and 26 ± 5 nm ( C. colocynthis AgNPs). The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the face-centred cubic (FCC) structure with crystallite size of 11 ± 1 nm ( A. indica AgNPs) and 15 ± 1 nm ( C. colocynthis AgNPs) while characteristic peaks appearing in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated the attachment of different biomolecules on AgNPs. The larvicidal activity at different concentrations of synthesized AgNPs (1–20 mg l −1 ) and extracts (0.5–1.5%) against Aedes aegypti was examined for 24 h. A concentration-dependent larvicidal potential of both types of AgNPs was observed. The LC 50 values were found to be 0.3 and 1.25 mg l −1 for C. colocynthis AgNPs and A. indica AgNPs, respectively. However, both extracts did not exhibit any notable larvicidal activity.

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of vegetable oils against Aedes aegypti larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Roberto De Azevedo ◽  
Lays Laianny Amaro Bezerra ◽  
Toshik Iarley Da Silva ◽  
Renato Augusto Da Silva ◽  
José Valmir Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽  
And Control

Aedes aegypti L. is the mosquito vector of yellow fever, dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses. The prevention and control of such diseases usually rely on the use of chemicals, that can cause harm to human health and the environment. Vegetable oils with larvicidal activity are used as an alternative tool to control this insect. This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of vegetable oils from Caryocar coriaceum, Mauritia fIexuosa, Carapa guianensis, Copaifera langsdorffii, Ricinus communis and Cocos nucifera against A. aegypti larvae. The experiment was divided into two bioassays. In the first, a completely randomized design was used with seven treatments (six vegetable oils at 500 ppm and one control with four replications). The number of dead larvae was evaluated 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h after exposure. In the second bioassay, the most efficient vegetable oils from the first bioassay (C. coriaceum and M. flexuosa) were used at the concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ppm, with four replications. The number of dead larvae was evaluated according to the first bioassay. All oils used had larvicidal activity on third instar stage larvae of A. aegypti, with greater efficiency 120 h after exposure. The oils of C. coriaceum and M. flexuosa at 2500 ppm had the best efficacy in the larvae control. The LD10, LD50, and LD90 of M. flexuosa oil recommended for controlling larvae are 234, 648, and 1794 ppm, respectively.

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica against Aedes aegypti larvae

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 9315-9320
Author(s):  
Patricia Manzano ◽  
Oscar Valmaña García ◽  
Jessica Malusín ◽  
Jenny Villamar ◽  
María Quijano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Control Water

Aedes aegypti is a mosquito that carries dengue virus, yellow fever and other diseases transmitted to humans. Organophosphorus larvicides are used to control the proliferation of this mosquito, which has generated a high degree of resistance; hence, new alternatives such as bio-larvicides formulated with plant extracts are of great interest. The aims of this study were to evaluate the ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves as a larvicide against Aedes aegypti and to determine the main compounds present in it by GC-MS. In the assay, three concentrations of ethanolic extract were used (10 mg L-1, 20 mg L-1, and 50 mg L-1). This was performed thrice against a positive control (commercial larvicide: spores and endotoxic crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis Serotype H-14) and negative control (water). After 72 h of incubation, it was observed higher larval mortality (93%) in the ethanolic extract at a concentration of 50 mg L-1; the extracts at 10 mg L-1 and 20 mg L-1 shown larval mortality of 47% and 70%, respectively. The majority compound determined by the GC-MS analysis was phytol (14.4% area). The results obtained in this study demonstrated the larvicidal potential of the ethanolic extract of A. indica against larvae of A. aegypti.

scholarly journals PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya) TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA NYAMUK Aedes agypti INSTAR III

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Jonathan Payangka ◽  
Risma Risma ◽  
Prajogo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Organophosphate Insecticide ◽  
Control Group Design

Background: Papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract is a natural larvacide that contains papain and alkaloid karpain so its usage is safe for the environment. The larvacide properties can also be used to reduce the amount of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This mosquito species is the main vector for the virus that causes dengue fever which incident number increases over the years. There have been a few methods used to control the mosquito’s amount, one of which is by decreasing the number of Aedes aegypti’s larvae using the organophosphate insecticide chemical known as temefos. Temefos is really effective in killing the Aedes aegypti larvae but it has a lot of side effects especially towards the environment. By controlling the number of the Aedes aegypti’s larvae, hopefully the number of the dengue fever case can also be reduced. Objective: To prove that the papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae. Method: This is an experimental research what uses a post test only control group design. The study consists of seven groups, which are positive control that is given abate powder, negative control that is given only aquadest, and five groups treated with concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%; repeated for four times. The calculation of the amount of dead larvae is done within the first 24 hours. Result: Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, p’s value is <α with p value being 0.000 and α being 0.05. It proves the significance of the experiment. Conclusion: The papaya leaves (Carica papaya) extract have effects on the death of Aedes aegypti’s instar III larvae

scholarly journals Larvicidal Activity of Leaf Extract From Mauritiella armata (Aceraceae) on Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Culicidae)

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Rosanna Lorrane Francisco dos Reis Matos ◽  
Núbia Nunes de Souza ◽  
Sandro Morais dos Santos ◽  
Aline Ferreira Rafael ◽  
Eduardo Robson Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Social Importance

The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) are important vectors of several arboviruses, and are relevant public health problems. Conventional control, using chemical larvicides have selected resistant Culicidae populations and caused negative effects on the environment and human health. However, the use of plant extracts has represented a sustainable alternative for insect control. Popularly known as Xiriri, Mauritiella armata (Mart.) Burret (Aceraceae) is an abundant palm tree in Vereda ecosystems and has economic and social importance. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of the aqueous extract (AE) leaves of this plant on Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. The mortalities of larvae were analyzed after treatment with four concentrations of the extract, comparing with a negative control using mineral water. The AE promoted 100% efficacy against Ae. aegypti larvae at 7.9 mg/mL. The lethal concentration to promote 90% mortality of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae was estimated at 30.57 mg/mL. After chromatographic analyses, flavonoids, catechin and carbohydrates were detected. AE from M. armata leaves presented high larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, and represents a promising alternative to be used in vector control.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMUNING (Murraya paniculata JACK) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Arifani Siswidiasari ◽  
Dewa Putu Agus Wahyu Erawan
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Murraya Paniculata

Introduction: A research had been carried out to analyze the larvicidal activity of the ethanol extract of kemuning leaves (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.) against Aedes aegypti L. larvae. Method: The research began with extracting yellow leaves (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.) With a modified maceration method using 80% ethanol solvent until a thick extract is obtained, then a preliminary test is carried out to obtain LC5 and LC95 so that 5 concentrations of yellow leaf extract (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.) can be obtained which can be used as a real larvicide test. The actual larvicide test was carried out with 7 treatments, namely 1 negative control using Tween 80, 5 test treatments namely 1000 bpj yellow leaf extract, 3000 bpj, 5000 ppm, 7000 ppm and 9000 ppm and 1 positive control using Temephos 2 bpj. Observation of the test results was carried out after 24 hours by counting the number of larvae deaths in each treatment group. Result: The data obtained were analyzed by using probit analysis and obtained LC90 of yellow leaf extract (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.) which is 8330,291 bpj. The results showed that the yellow leaf extract (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.) was effective as a larvicidal activity with LC5 of 1000 bpj and LC95 of 9000 bpj.

scholarly journals Insights on the Larvicidal Mechanism of Action of Fractions and Compounds from Aerial Parts of Helicteres velutina K. Schum against Aedes aegypti L.

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diégina A. Fernandes ◽  
Louise H. G. Oliveira ◽  
Hyago L. Rique ◽  
Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de Souza ◽  
Fabíola da Cruz Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
No Production ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts

Viral diseases transmitted by the female Aedes aegypti L. are considered a major public health problem. The aerial parts of Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae) have demonstrated potential insecticidal and larvicidal activity against this vector. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of action involved in the larvicidal activity of this species. The cytotoxicity activity of H. velutina fractions and compounds of crude ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of this species was assessed by using fluorescence microscopy and propidium iodide staining. In addition, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and hemocyte recruitment were checked after different periods of exposure. The fluorescence microscopy revealed an increasing in larvae cell necrosis for the dichloromethane fraction, 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone and hexane fraction (15.4, 11.0, and 7.0%, respectively). The tiliroside did not show necrotic cells, which showed the same result as that seen in the negative control. The NO concentration in hemolymph after 24 h exposure was significantly greater for the dichloromethane fraction and the 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone (123.8 and 56.2 µM, respectively) when compared to the hexane fraction and tiliroside (10.8 and 8.3 µM, respectively). The presence of plasmocytes only in the dichloromethane fraction and 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone treatments suggest that these would be the hemocytes responsible for the highest NO production, acting as a defense agent. Our results showed that the larvicidal activity developed by H. velutina compounds is related to its hemocyte necrotizing activity and alteration in NO production.

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