scholarly journals Brain Malformations in Zika Virus Related Congenital Microcephaly: interactions among clinical and imaging scores and a semi-automated classification of severity based on MRI indices (RaRe - Radiological Reading score)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Bianchini Esper ◽  
Alexandre Rosa Franco ◽  
Ricardo Bernardi Soder ◽  
Rodrigo Cerqueira Bomfim ◽  
Magda Lahorgue Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reading Score ◽  
Congenital Microcephaly

Objectives: We propose and evaluate a system for assessing severity of ZikV-related microcephaly brain abnormalities called RaRe (Radiological Reading score). The system is a combination of neuroradiologist evaluation scores; we also propose and evaluate its semi-automated version, which is generated from MRI indices. Design: We carried out a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection at birth and 13-39 months; data collection includes radiologists evaluation of MRI images and a semi-automated system for analyzing MRI images from ZikV-related microcephaly patients; we also evaluated the association of severity and RaRe scores with developmental outcomes. Setting: Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul and Memorial Hospital Arthur Ramos, both in Brazil. Participants: 42 infants with ZikV-related congenital microcephaly (age at second evaluation M = 24.83 months; SD = 5.82). Mothers were infected by Zika Virus during pregnancy and were symptomatic or asymptomatic. Main outcome measures: Clinical and radiological outcomes (blindly reviewed); severity classification system (semi-automated - RaRe-Auto or based on neuroradiological evaluation - RaRe-Clin) and association with developmental outcomes (Bayley-III scales). Results: RaRe-Clin positively correlated with RaRe-Auto (r = 0.892; p < 0.001). Severity negatively associated with neurodevelopment scores assessed by Bayley-III scales in all three domains: cognition, language and motor skills. There was no association between trimester of infection and head circumference at birth (r = 0.160; p = 0.338) but there was an association between trimester of infection and RaRe-Clin (r = -0.355; p = 0.029). Conclusions: The clinical and semi-automated RaRe scores predicted Bayley scores. RaRe-Clin and RaRe-Auto can predict the trimester of infection and severity of outcomes and should be investigated in their further application with other congenital and infection-related brain abnormalities.

Psychosocial Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Frontline Healthcare Workers in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quratul-Ain Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare workers in Pakistan in terms of psychological factors emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout. Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at different hospitals across Pakistan and data collection was carried out from 15th June 2020 till 15th August 2020. Material and Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study aiming to compare the levels of burnout and emotional distress between frontline COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 healthcare workers. Any physician, nurse, and other healthcare workers were recruited from emergency care units and Covid-19 care units (target group), and non-COVID-19 care units (control group). Participation was voluntary and participants had to complete self-reported questionnaires and scales. A mixed-mode data collection was carried out, either in paper or web-based form to ensure maximum participation. Results: The independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding depression, stress, and insomnia. The study group showed higher scores for these factors than the control group. Chi-square test of association revealed significant scores of burnout and professional fulfillment in both groups. There was a higher prevalence of burnout in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: This study concludes that there was a significant psychosocial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the frontline healthcare workers measured in terms of emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Gayani Amarasinghe ◽  
Vasana Mendis ◽  
Thilini Agampodi
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, spatial distribution, etiology and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in the Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis). Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.

scholarly journals Prevenção da infecção pelo zika vírus nas gestantes

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5339
Author(s):  
Daiane Santos ◽  
Mariana Alves Pimenta ◽  
Flavio Bittencourt ◽  
Murilo Cesar Nascimento ◽  
Silvana Maria Coelho Leite Fava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Virus Zika

RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar as competências dos ACS no desenvolvimento das atribuições esperadas e definidas pelo Ministério da Saúde nas ações de pré-natal de risco habitual, desenvolvidas no âmbito da ESF, em relação à prevenção da infecção pelo zika vírus na gestação. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, com coleta de dados em 14 equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, mediante um questionário com três partes: A (enfrentamento ao Aedes aegypti); B (pré-natal de baixo risco) e C (medidas de prevenção pessoal contra o Zika vírus), analisadas por agrupamentos e pelo Teste Exato de Fisher. Resultados: melhor desempenho foi observado em B, seguido de A. As maiores dificuldades estavam relacionadas com a atividade C. Conclusão: há um panorama favorável de atuação desses profissionais, embora com dificuldades quanto à alimentação dos sistemas de informação, à baixa participação comunitária e à pouca integração com o trabalho das equipes. Descritores: Enfermagem; Agente Comunitário de Saúde; Zika Vírus.ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the competences of the ACS in the development of the attributions expected and defined by the Ministry of Health in the habitual, risk prenatal actions, developed within the scope of the FHS, in relation to the prevention of infection by the zika virus during pregnancy. Method: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study with data collection in 14 teams of the Family Health Strategy, through a questionnaire with three parts: A (coping with Aedes aegypti); B (low risk prenatal) and C (personal prevention measures against Zika virus), analyzed by clusters and Fisher's Exact Test. Results: better performance was observed in B, followed by A. The greatest difficulties were related to activity C. Conclusion: there is a favorable panorama of these professionals, although with difficulties in feeding information systems, low community participation and little integration with the work of the teams. Descritores: Nursing; Community Health Workers; Zika Virus.RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar las competencias de los ACS en el desarrollo de las atribuciones esperadas y definidas por el Ministerio de Salud en las acciones de prenatal de riesgo habitual, desarrolladas en el marco de la ESF, en relación a la prevención de la infección por el zika virus en la gestación. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, con recolección de datos en 14 equipos de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia, mediante un cuestionario con tres partes: A (enfrentamiento al Aedes aegypti); B (prenatal de bajo riesgo) y C (medidas de prevención personal contra el Zika virus), analizadas por agrupaciones y por la prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: mejor desempeño fue observado en B, seguido de A. Las mayores dificultades estaban relacionadas con la actividad C. Conclusión: hay un panorama favorable de actuación de estos profesionales, aunque con dificultades en cuanto a la alimentación de los sistemas de información, a la baja participación comunitaria y a la poca integración con el trabajo de los equipos. Descritores: Enfermería; Agentes Comunitarios de Salud; Vírus Zika.

scholarly journals Pediatric neurodevelopment by prenatal Zika virus exposure: A cross-sectional study of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
paula sobral Silva ◽  
Sophie Helena Eickmann ◽  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos ◽  
Marília de Carvalho Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Neurological Abnormalities ◽  
Development Delay ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background: The implications of congenital Zika Virus (ZIKV) infections for pediatric neurodevelopment and behavior remain inadequately studied. The aim of this study is to investigate patterns of neurodevelopment and behavior in children with different levels of ZIKV-related microcephaly or with prenatal ZIKV exposure in the absence of microcephaly. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, nested in a cohort, of 274 children (aged 10-45 months) who were born during the peak and decline of the microcephaly epidemic in Northeast Brazil. Participants were evaluated between February 2017 and August 2019 at two tertiary care hospitals in Recife, Brazil. We analyzed the children in four groups assigned based on clinical and laboratory criteria: Group 1 had severe microcephaly; Group 2 had moderate microcephaly; Group 3 had prenatal ZIKVxposure confirmed by maternal RT-PCR testing and no microcephaly; and Group 4 was a neurotypical control group. Groups were evaluated clinically for neurological abnormalities and compared using the Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC), a neurodevelopment and behavior screening instrument, and a SWYC adapted form to compare severe cases. Results: Based on the SWYC screening, we observed differences between the groups for developmental milestones but not behavior. Among children with severe microcephaly of whom 98.2% presented with neurological abnormalities, 99.1% were at risk of development delay, and presented similar performance whether evaluated under or over 24 months of age. Among children with moderate microcephaly of whom 60% presented with neurological abnormalities, 65% were at risk of development delay. For children without microcephaly, the percentages found to be at risk of developmental delays were markedly lower and did not differ by prenatal ZIKV exposure status: Groups 3, 13.8%; Group 4, 21.7%. Conclusions: Among groups of children with prenatal ZIKV exposure, we found a gradient of risk of development delay. Children with severe microcephaly were at highest risk, while normocephalic ZIKV-exposed children had similar risks to unexposed control children. We propose that ZIKV-exposed children should undergo first-line screening for neurodevelopment and behavior using the SWYC. Early assessment and follow-up will enable at-risk children to be referred to a more comprehensive developmental evaluation and to multidisciplinary care management.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI IBU BALITA TENTANG POSYANDU DENGAN PEMANFAATAN POSYANDU MAWAR 2 RW 06 KEBAGUSAN JAKARTA SELATAN TAHUN 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alifa Dinda Septifani ◽  
Apriningsih Apriningsih
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Posyandu was one manifestation of Health Efforts on Community Based (UKBM). Based on data Posyandu Mawar 2 in February 2015 there were a decreased number of mothers’s visit from 81.25% to 62.5%, so the researchers wanted to know about association of the mother’s perception with the utilization of The Posyandu. This research used cross sectional study design using total sampling (80 mothers). Data collection was done by direct interviews based on the questionnaire and analyzed using Chi Square. The result there’s a significant association between mother’ss perception of the distance to the utilization of Posyandu RW 06 Posyandu Mawar 2 Kebagusan South Jakarta and there’s no significant relationship between education, employment and the knowledge and mothers’perceptions about the completeness of facilities, the attitude of cadres and the presence of health workers. Suggestions for Posyandu is to increase  of  mother’confident to visit Posyandu

scholarly journals Faktor Eksternal Yang Berhubungan Dengan Minat Ibu Melakukan Kunjungan Ke Posyandu

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Juli Widiyanto ◽  
Supryati Zebua
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Village

Posyandu is useful for empowering the community and providing easy access to basic health services. The purpose of this study was to determine external factors related to maternal interest in visiting posyandu (a study in the village of Labuh Baru timur). This type of research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach design, namely data collection and results are carried out at one time, the data collection technique is carried out using stratified random sampling where the sample of this study is some of the mothers who have children under five in the village area. Labuh Baru Timur. The instruments used in data collection were questionnaires and analysis used univariate and bivariate with the help of the SPSS Version 16.0 program. The results of research conducted by researchers from March to April 2020 with the title of external factors related to maternal interest in visiting posyandu show that there is no relationship between distance to posyandu, family support, and posyandu service services with maternal interest in visiting posyandu which is proven by p-value> 0.05, which is arranged in sequence 0.931 and OR 1, 046; 0.945 and OR 0.959; 0.768 and OR 0.842. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between distance to posyandu, family support, and posyandu services with mothers' interest in visiting posyandu. It is hoped that mothers in East Labuh Baru Village can further increase visits to posyandu in order to improve the health and development of toddlers.

scholarly journals Teaming-up nurses with ophthalmologists to expand the reach of eye care in a middle-income country: Validation of health data acquisition by nursing staff in a telemedicine strategy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260594
Author(s):  
Cassia Garcia Moraes Pagano ◽  
Tais de Campos Moreira ◽  
Daniel Sganzerla ◽  
Ana Maria Frölich Matzenbacher ◽  
Amanda Gomes Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Ophthalmological Assessment ◽  
Remote Analysis ◽  
Require Data ◽  
Health Parameters

Telemedicine can be used to conduct ophthalmological assessment of patients, facilitating patient access to specialist care. Since the teleophthalmology models require data collection support from other health professionals, the purpose of our study was to assess agreement between the nursing technician and the ophthalmologist in acquisition of health parameters that can be used for remote analysis as part of a telemedicine strategy. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 140 patients referred to an ophthalmological telediagnosis center by primary healthcare doctors. The health parameters evaluated were visual acuity (VA), objective ophthalmic measures acquired by autorefraction, keratometry, and intraocular pressure (IOP). Bland-Altman plots were used to analyze agreement between the nursing technician and the ophthalmologist. The Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean bias equal to zero for the VA measurements [95%-LoA: -0.25–0.25], 0.01 [95%-LoA: -0.86–0.88] for spherical equivalent (M), -0.08 [95%-LoA: -1.1–0.95] for keratometry (K) and -0.23 [95%-LoA: -4.4–4.00] for IOP. The measures had a high linear correlation (R [95%CI]: 0.87 [0.82–0.91]; 0.97 [0.96–0.98]; 0.96 [0.95–0.97] and 0.88 [0.84–0.91] respectively). The results observed demonstrate that remote ophthalmological data collection by adequately trained health professionals is viable. This confirms the utility and safety of these solutions for scenarios in which access to ophthalmologists is limited.

scholarly journals 1671. Impact of Zika Syndrome on Brazilian Infant Mortality Rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S611-S612
Author(s):  
Nilson Nogueira Mendes Neto ◽  
Jessika T da S. Maia ◽  
Marcelo Zacarkim ◽  
Igor T Queiroz ◽  
Gleyson Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Serological Data

Abstract Background Infant mortality in Brazil has increased for the first time in 26 years. This study aimed to define the Zika Syndrome (ZS) perinatal case fatality rate (PCF) since the 2015 Zika outbreak in a Brazilian northeast state highly impacted by the virus. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted using data obtained through the State Health Department for cases of microcephaly (MCP) and congenital abnormalities (CA) in Rio Grande do Norte State (RN) from April 2015 to March 2, 2019. Perinatal period: commencing at 22 completed weeks (154 days) of gestation until 7 days after birth. PCF was defined as the number of deaths as a fraction of the number of sick persons with the specific disease (×100). Results There were 535 reported cases of MCP and others CA notified in RN during this period: 4 in 2014, 337 in 2015, 157 in 2016, 21 in 2017, 14 in 2018, and 2 in 2019. Of these, 151 were confirmed and 135 remain under investigation. The remaining 247 cases were ruled out by normal physical exams or due to noninfectious cause of MCP. Of the total confirmed cases, 35.8% (54/151) died after birth or during pregnancy. Zika virus infection during pregnancy was confirmed in 55.5% (30/54) of deaths and 1.8% (01/54) had a positive TORCH blood test. The odds ratio for the Zika PCF was found to be 1.57 (95% CI: 0.7940–3.1398; P = 0.1928). Deaths related to Zika were confirmed using a combination of clinical and epidemiological findings paired with either radiological information or molecular/serological data (RT–PCR and/or IgM/IgG antibodies against Zika). Twelve cases remain under investigation and 7 were ruled out as MCP. The highest number of confirmed MCP cases occurred between August 2015 and February 2016. The prevalence increased in September, with a peak in November 2015 (20.1 cases per 1,000 live births). Conclusion Before the recent Brazilian Zika outbreak, the incidence of MCP in RN between 2010 and 2014 was 1.8 cases/year. The real incidence and prevalence might be higher due to the underreporting and lack of resources for confirmatory diagnostic tests (laboratory and imaging). This study indicates that Zika virus accounted for a substantial proportion of MCP cases seen during the years studied, and suggests that ZS contributed to an increase in infant mortality in Brazil. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Vision Loss Among Delaware Nursing Home Residents

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142093424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Å. Andersson ◽  
Mashael Al-Namaeh ◽  
William A. Monaco ◽  
Hongdao Meng
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
National Level ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of vision loss among Delaware nursing home residents for further data collection to expand the existing evidence about the vision loss among nursing home residents on a national level. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved the statistical analysis of comprehensive eye examination records of 1,856 nursing residents residing in 20 Delaware nursing homes from 2005 to 2011. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to identify age-specific prevalence rates of vision loss (moderate-to-severe vision impairment and blindness). Results: The mean age of nursing home residents was 82.54 years (range: 65–111 years), and 61.70% were over the age of 80 years. The majority of nursing home residents were female (64.10%) and White (76.30%). The overall prevalence rates of moderate-to-severe vision impairment and blindness were 47.40% and 16.20%, respectively. Discussion: The high prevalence of vision loss among Delaware Nursing home residents indicates a demand for further data collection for expanding the existing evidence about the vision loss among nursing home residents on a national level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document