Polyhydroalkanoates (PHAs) Production from Saponified Sunflower Oil in Mixed Cultures under Aerobic Condition

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Fadil Md. Din ◽  
Zaini Ujang ◽  
M. C. M Van Loosdrecht ◽  
Mohd. Azlan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Storage Rate ◽  
Pha Production ◽  
Sequential Phase

Satu kajian makmal telah dijalankan bagi menentukan keadaan yang optimum bagi penghasilan polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) menggunakan minyak bunga matahari (MB) tersaponifikasi. Sistem ini telah dijalankan semasa keadaan fasa terjujuk berterusan bagi pertumbuhan dan pengumpulan. Tujuan saponifikasi ke atas MB adalah untuk meningkatkan kualiti konstituen PHA (e.g. kopolimer bagi unit hidroksil) seperti hidroksibutirat (HBs), hidroksivalerat (HVs) dan hidroksiheksanoat (HHs). Kandungan utama MB adalah asid lemak rantai panjang (ALRP) di dalam kumpulan asid lemak tak tepu (C14:1 - C18:3) dan penghasil PHA yang terpilih akan dihasilkan semasa pertumbuhan tak seimbang (keadaan feast-famine). Operasi suap-kelompok selama hampir 6 bulan di bawah keadaan aerobik dinamik (dengan pelbagai keadaan operasi) dapat meningkatkan penghasilan PHA sehingga 33% jisim sel kering. Ia juga menunjukkan bahawa lumpur yang melalui keadaan aerobik di dalam kultur campuran mampu mengumpulkan jumlah PHA yang tinggi melalui manipulasi panjang kitaran (kajian masa penahanan hidrolik). Kadar penyimpanan spesifik PHA yang tinggi (qpfeast = 0.5 C-mol/C-mol. h) serta kandungan lumpur PHA tinggi dicapai dengan menggunakan kultur campuran menjadikan MB tersaponifikasi ini kompetitif berbanding dengan yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan minyak sayuran yang lain (minyak jagung, kacang soya dan lain-lain). Kata kunci: Minyak bunga matahari tersaponifikasikan (MB), polihidroksialkanoat (PHA), rejim feast–famine, kultur campuran A laboratory study was conducted to assess the optimal conditions for polyhyroxyalkanoates (PHA) production using saponified sunflower oil (SO). The system was operated under continuous sequential phase of growth and accumulation conditions. The main purposed of using saponified SO was to improve the quality of PHA constituents (e.g. copolymer of hydroxyl-unit) such as hydroxybutyrates (HHBs), hydroxyvalerates (HHVs) and hydroxyhexanoates (HHs). Typically, SO mainly contains long-chain-fatty-acid (LCFA) with unsaturated fatty acid (C14:1 - C18:3) and therefore, the selected PHA-producer would be developed during unbalanced growth (feast-famine condition). Operation of the fed-batch for almost 6 months under aerobic dynamic conditions (with various operating conditions) has increased the PHA production up to 33% of dried cell weight. It was also shown that sludge subjected to aerobic condition in mixed cultures could accumulate high amount of PHA by manipulating the cycle length (HRT study). The high specific PHA storage rate (qpfeast = 0.5 C-mol/C-mol. h) as well as the high sludge PHA contents achieved by mixed cultures make this saponified SO competitive with those based on the other vegetable oil (e.g. corn oil, soy oil, etc.) Key words: Saponified sunflower oil (SO), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), feast–famine regimes, mixed cultures

scholarly journals Pengaruh sumber karbon terhadap produksi bioplastik polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) dengan ralstonia eutropha

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Martha Aznury ◽  
Tjandra Setiadi ◽  
Adi Pancoro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Ralstonia Eutropha ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Batch Bioreactor ◽  
Pha Production ◽  
Fructose Fermentation

Bioplastic Polyhidroxyalknoate (PHA) is a polyester type bioplastic with physicochemical properties resemble to those of polypropilen from petroleum. PHA production was investigated to determine the effect of carbon source on the fermentation process by Ralstonia eutropha. Specifically, Ralstonia eutropha was cultivated in a batch bioreactor to show the dynamics of P(3HB-co-3HV) copolymer production from glucose or fructose as C source. In adition, the effect of volatile fatty acids addition, as stimulator to the copolymer production, was also studied. The operating conditions in a 7 L bioreactor were at temperature 30 oC and pH 7.0. The concentration of carbon source glucose or fructose was 40 g/L, and after 20 hour fermentation, volatile fatty acids were added. With volatile fatty acids addition, the resulting fructose fermentation had PHA content of 32.78%, in which the HV percentage was 11.78%. Meanwhile, the fermentation of glucose, stimulated by volatile fatty acids, gave PHA as much as 20.19% with HV percentage of 8.71%. Therefore,, the Ralstonia eutropha fermentation of fructose as the carbon source gave a higher yield than glucose. Keywords: Volatil Fatty Acid, Fructose, Glucose, PHA, P(3HB-co-3HV), Ralstonia eutropha AbstrakBioplastik polihidroksialkanoat (PHA) adalah bioplastik dari kelompok poliester dengan sifat fisikokimia mirip dengan plastik polipropilen dari minyak bumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sumber karbon terhadap poduksi PHA yang dilakukan dengan proses fermentasi menggunakan Ralstonia eutropha. Ralstonia eutropha dikultivasi dalam bioreaktor batch untuk mempelajari dinamika produksi kopolimer P(3HB-co-3HV) dari sumber karbon glukosa atau fruktosa, serta mempelajari pengaruh sumber stimulator asam lemak volatil. Kondisi operasional fermentasi menggunakan bioreaktor 7 L adalah pada temperatur 30 oC dan pH 7. Konsentrasi sumber karbon glukosa atau fruktosa yang digunakan adalah 40 gr/L, dan setelah 20 jam fermentasi ditambahkan asam lemak volatil yang berfungsi sebagai stimulator dalam produksi P(3HB-co-3HV). Panen sel Ralstonia eutropha dilakukan setelah 60 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fermentasi Ralstonia eutropha dengan substrat fruktosa dan asam lemak volatil sebagai stimulator mempunyai kandungan PHA sebesar 32,78%, dengan kadar HV 11,78%. Pada pemberian substrat glukosa dan asam lemak volatil menunjukkan kandungan PHA sebesar 20,19%, dengan kadar HV 8.71%. Jadi fermentasi Ralstonia eutropha dengan menggunakan substrat fruktosa memberikan yield yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan menggunakan substrat glukosa.Kata Kunci: Asam lemak volatil, fruktosa, glukosa, PHA, P(3HB-co-3HV), Ralstonia eutropha

scholarly journals Towards a Valorization of Corn Bioethanol Side Streams: Chemical Characterization of Post Fermentation Corn Oil and Thin Stillage

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Di Lena ◽  
Petra Ondrejíčková ◽  
Josè Sanchez del Pulgar ◽  
Veronika Cyprichová ◽  
Tomáš Ježovič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Thin Stillage ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Starting Point

First-generation biofuel biorefineries may be a starting point for the development of new value chains, as their by-products and side streams retain nutrients and valuable molecules that may be recovered and valorized for high-value applications. This study provides a chemical characterization of post-fermentation corn oil and thin stillage, side streams of dry-grind corn bioethanol production, in view of their valorization. An overall long-term study was conducted on the two co-products collected over 1 year from a bioethanol plant. Water content, acid value, sedimentation, mineral composition, and fatty acid profiles were analyzed on post-fermentation corn oil. Results highlighted that its acid value was high (19.72–24.29 mg KOH/g), indicating high levels of free fatty acids, but stable over the year due to standardized operating conditions. The fatty acid profile was that typical of corn oil, with a prevalence of linoleic (54–59% of total fatty acids) over oleic (23–27%) and palmitic (12–17%) acids. Macronutrients, fatty acid, and mineral profiles were investigated in thin stillage. Results revealed the acidic pH (4.05–4.68) and high dilution (90–93% water) of this side stream. The dry mass was composed of fats (19–30%), proteins (8.8–12.8%), ash (8.7–9.5%), and fiber (7.3–9.8%). The concomitant presence of a variegate complex of molecules of nutritional interest in corn bioethanol co-products, with several potential high-value market applications, make the perspective of their recovery a promising strategy to create new cross-sector interconnections according to circular economy principles.

scholarly journals The effect of site of origin on fatty acid percent in sunflower oil (Helianthus annuus L)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Control Department ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Quality Control Department ◽  
Made In

A Laboratory study was conducted in quality control department ,state company for food stuff trading ministry of trade (2005-2006) on sunflower oil imported to Iraq from different origins included 12 trade marks, Complete random design was used with four replication .The purpose of the study is to know the origins effect on fatty acid percent and study the simple correlation between them, the result showed Turkish origin for trademark (Narin) was superior in Palmitic and Stearic fatty acid (10.41,3.29%).While Omanian origin for trademark Alsafwa was superior in Oleic(35.09%) and Syrian origin for trade mark Alnahraen was superior in Linoleic fatty acid percent 66.53% whereas Egyptian origin for trademark Alasel was superior in the percentage of un saturation with 1.62% . We concluded from this study that fatty acids Oleic and Linoleic were the major fatty acid in sunflower and increase in their percentage determine the type and quality of sunflower especially Linoleic fatty acid which is belong to Omega -6 family and its cannot made in human body .

Effects of dietary high-oleic acid sunflower oil, copper and vitamin E levels on the fatty acid composition and the quality of dry cured Parma ham

Meat Science ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Bosi ◽  
J.A Cacciavillani ◽  
L Casini ◽  
D.P Lo Fiego ◽  
M Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
High Oleic Acid ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Parma Ham

scholarly journals Quality of Coconut Oil using Fruit of Dwarf Coconut

CORD ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Steivie Karouw ◽  
Chandra Indrawanto ◽  
Hengky Novarianto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

The purpose of this research was to study processing of coconut oil which focused on evaluation of the quality of oil by using fruit of several Dwarf coconut as raw materials. The varieties used were Salak Green Dwarf (SGD), Raja Brown Dwarf (RBD) and Bali Yellow Dwarf (BYD). The oil was extracted through the wet process by heating technique. The coconut oil volume was measured and evaluated for its fatty acids profile, free fatty acid contents, moisture content, color, smell and taste. The by-products such as coconut residue and blondo were measured, too. The results showed that processing of oil from 200 Dwarf nuts produced 7.1-8.4 L. The highest volume of oil (8.4 L) was resulted from SGD. The oil was generally having high medium chain fatty acid around 58.50-62.32% including lauric acid at 46.82-48.46%. The oil made from fruits of SGD contained the highest lauric acid around 48.46%, followed by RBD and BYD reaching 48.06%  and  46.82%, respectively. It had a good smell, and fatty acid and moisture content were in  accord with Indonesian National Standard. The coconut oil processed using the fruit of the SGD and RBD has a clear white color, while the BYD  having clear yellow in color, like corn oil.

scholarly journals Quality parameters of sunflower oil and palm olein during multiple frying

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Dragana Paunovic ◽  
Mirjana Demin ◽  
Tanja Petrovic ◽  
Jovana Markovic ◽  
Vesna Vujasinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fried Potatoes

The refined sunflower and palm oils are used in the food industry for the production of fried potatoes. Literary data have shown that palm oil had less tendency to degradation than sunflower oil due to its fatty acid composition. However, palm olein is a palm oil fraction and therefore has a different composition of fatty acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of the refined palm olein in relation to the refined linoleic type sunflower oil during the production of fried potatoes. The oil samples were used for multiple frying during the seven days (40 minutes per day at a temperature of 165oC). The peroxide value and free fatty acid content (acid value) were determined by standard analytical methods. The results showed that the peroxide value in sunflower oil and palm olein increased by 75.0% and 77.8%, while the acid value increased by 50.0% and 26.8%, respectively, in relation to their initial values in the fresh oil samples. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the palm olein was more suitable for frying. However, this finding cannot be reported with certainty because the quality of the oil depends on many more parameters, not only on those analysed in this paper.

Tertiary Nitrification Pilot Plants on Parisian Waste Water

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paffoni ◽  
B. Védry ◽  
M. Gousailles
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Daily Output ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors

The Paris Metropolitan area, which contains over eight million inhabitants, has a daily output of about 3 M cu.meters of wastewater, the purification of which is achieved by SIAAP (Paris Metropolitan Area Sewage Service) in both Achères and Valenton plants. The carbon pollution is eliminated from over 2 M cu.m/day at Achères. In order to improve the quality of output water, its tertiary nitrification in fixed-bed reactors has been contemplated. The BIOFOR (Degremont) and BIOCARBONE (OTV) processes could be tested in semi-industrial pilot reactors at the CRITER research center of SIAAP. At a reference temperature of 13°C, the removed load is approximately 0.5 kg N NH4/m3.day. From a practical point of view, it may be asserted that in such operating conditions as should be at the Achères plant, one cubic meter of filter can handle the tertiary nitification of one cubic meter of purified water per hour at an effluent temperature of 13°C.

Relationships between Population Dynamics and Operating Parameters in an Activated Sludge-Plant by Statistical Analysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 399-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cingolani ◽  
M. Cossignani ◽  
R. Miliani
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Aerobic Treatment

Statistical analyses were applied to data from a series of 38 samples collected in an aerobic treatment plant from November 1989 to December 1990. Relationships between microfauna structure and plant operating conditions were found. Amount and quality of microfauna groups and species found in activated sludge proved useful to suggest the possible causes of disfunctions.

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