PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE SKIN SECRETIONS OF MALAYSIAN FROGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainon A. Rahman ◽  
Mohamad Faiz Foong Abdullah ◽  
Wan Mohamad Syahmin Wan Azmi ◽  
Aziyah Abdul-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Preliminary Study

Bioactive compounds that exhibit antimicrobial properties in frogs are parts of the animal defense against microbial infections.  The lyophilized frog’s skin secretions containing varies bioactive compounds were subjected to screen for their antimicrobial activity. This study was conducted as part of an effort on the search of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) profiles of Malaysian frogs. The results indicate the collected frog skin secretion has antimicrobial effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.  BLAST and standard phylogenetics were used to establish a preliminary identity of the frog samples.

scholarly journals Comparative antimicrobial potential of Tribhuvana-Mishrana and its ingredients against clinical bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vashisht Kiran ◽  
Thakur Vivek ◽  
Kumar Deepak ◽  
Sharma Khemchand
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

There are many single drug and compound formulations prescribed for Jwara (~ fever) in Ayurvedic classics. Tribhuvanakirti Rasa (TKR), Godanti Bhasma (GB) and Sudarshana Ghana Vati (SGV) are widely used compound formulations that are separately indicated for the treatment of Jwara (~fever) in different dosage schedules. In Ayurvedic Formulary of India Tribhuvana-Mishrana (TM) has been chiefly indicated in treatment of Sarva Jwara (~ fever). Therefore, in this study comparative antimicrobial activity of TM and its individual ingredients viz. TKR, GB and SGV were evaluated against four fever-causing microbes such as gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacteria Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aqueous extract of all the four samples (formulation as whole and the three individual ingredients separately) in a dose 125mcg/ml were tested for their antimicrobial activity against four different microbes by agar well diffusion method. The study shows that TM and its ingredients independently show significant antimicrobial activity. S. aureus was found to be most sensitive to SGV and moderately sensitive to TKR and TM while S. typhii was found to be most sensitive to TM as compared to others. TKR was found to be most effective against E.coli while SGV and TM both showed significant antimicrobial effect against E. coli. TM could provide an alternative to synthetic antibiotics against human microbial infections.

scholarly journals Photoactivated Self-Sanitizing Chlorophyllin-Containing Coatings to Prevent Microbial Contamination in Packaged Food

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracia López-Carballo ◽  
Pilar Hernández-Muñoz ◽  
Rafael Gavara
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sodium Magnesium ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Packaged Food ◽  
Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin

Chlorophyllins are semi-synthetic porphyrins obtained from chlorophyll that—when exposed to visible light—generate radical oxygen substances with antimicrobial activity. In this work, chlorophyllins incorporated with polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose (HPMC), and gelatin (G) were formulated for application as coatings in packages providing antimicrobial activity after photoactivation. First, the antimicrobial properties of two porphyrins (sodium magnesium chlorophyllin, E-140, and sodium copper chlorophyllin, E-141) were analyzed against L. monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. The results indicated that E-140 was more active than E-141 and that chlorophyllins were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, both chlorophyllins were more efficient when irradiated with halogen lamps than with LEDs, and they were inactive in dark conditions. Then, coatings on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film were prepared, and their effect against the test bacteria was similar to that shown previously with pure chlorophyllins, i.e., greater activity in films containing E-140. Among the coating matrices, those based on PE presented the least effect (1 log reduction), whereas PVOH, HPMC, and G were lethal (7 log reduction). The self-sanitizing effect of these coatings was also analyzed by contaminating the surface of the coatings and irradiating them through the PET surface, which showed high efficiency, although the activity of the coatings was limited to L. monocytogenes. Finally, coated films were applied as separators of bologna slices. After irradiation, all the films showed count reductions of L. monocytogenes and the usual microbial load; the gelatin coating was the most effective, with an average of 3 log reduction.

scholarly journals Thermoresponsive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide-co-Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate) Microgel Aqueous Dispersions with Potential Antimicrobial Properties

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coro Echeverría ◽  
Alejandro Aragón-Gutiérrez ◽  
Marta Fernández-García ◽  
Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla ◽  
Daniel López
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alkylation Reaction ◽  
Aqueous Dispersions ◽  
Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Potential Antimicrobial Activity

The work herein describes the preparation of thermoresponsive microgels with potential antimicrobial properties. Most of the work performed so far regarding microgels with antimicrobial activity, deals with the ability of microgels to carry and release antibiotics or antimicrobial agents (antimicrobial peptides). The originality of this work lies in the possibility of developing intrinsic antimicrobial microgels by copolymerization of the well-known thermoresponsive monomer, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), a water-soluble monomer, to form microgels via precipitation polymerization (radical polymerization). Due to the presence of a tertiary amine in the DMAEMA comonomer, microgels can be modified by N-alkylation reaction with methyl and butyl iodide. This quaternization confers positive charges to the microgel surfaces and thus the potential antimicrobial activity. The effect of DMAEMA content and its quaternization with both, methyl and butyl iodide is evaluated in terms of thermal and surface charge properties, as well as in the microgel size and viscoelastic behavior. Finally, a preliminary study of the antimicrobial activity against different microorganisms is also performed in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). From this study we determined that in contrast with butylated microgels, methylated ones show potential antimicrobial activity and good physical properties besides of maintaining microgel thermo-responsiveness.

Antimicrobial Properties of Composites of Chitosan-Silver Doped Zeolites

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 6295-6304
Author(s):  
Fabio A. P. Scacchetti ◽  
Filipa Fernandes ◽  
Artur Ribeiro ◽  
Artur Cavaco-Paulo ◽  
Joaquim O. Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The antimicrobial functionality of composites constituted by chitosan with silver-doped zeolites was developed and characterized. A composite with chitosan particles and silver-doped zeolites was synthesized using an ionic gelation process with sodium tripolyphosphate. The chitosan silver-doped zeolites composite obtained presented sizes up to 5 μm, while the silver-doped zeolites had an average size between 0.5 μm and 3.3 μm. The synthesized chitosan silver-doped zeolites composites, as well as the silver-doped zeolites and the chitosan dissolution, were characterized through X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electro kinetic behaviour of chitosan, silver-doped zeolites and chitosan silver-doped zeolites composite was evaluated under different pH conditions. The antimicrobial activity of the composites was evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum lethal concentrations and the results suggest that the chitosan silver-doped zeolites composites show antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively and against Candida albicans. The results here presented support the potential application of the composite of chitosan with silver-doped zeolites in the functionalization of textiles with antimicrobial properties.

scholarly journals Composition and Antimicrobial Activity ofEuphrasia rostkovianaHayne Essential Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Novy ◽  
Hana Davidova ◽  
Cecilia Suqued Serrano-Rojero ◽  
Johana Rondevaldova ◽  
Josef Pulkrabek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Health Disorders

Eyebright,Euphrasia rostkovianaHayne (Scrophulariaceae), is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Europe for the treatment of various health disorders, especially as eyewash to treat eye ailments such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis that can be associated with bacterial infections. SomeEuphrasiaspecies have been previously reported to contain essential oil. However, the composition and bioactivity ofE. rostkovianaoil are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the eyebright essential oil against some organisms associated with eye infections:Enterococcus faecalis,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,S. epidermidis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andCandida albicans. GC-MS analysis revealed more than 70 constituents, with n-hexadecanoic acid (18.47%) as the main constituent followed by thymol (7.97%), myristic acid (4.71%), linalool (4.65%), and anethole (4.09%). The essential oil showed antimicrobial effect against all organisms tested with the exception ofP. aeruginosa. The best activity was observed against all Gram-positive bacteria tested with the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 512 µg/mL. This is the first report on the chemical composition ofE. rostkovianaessential oil and its antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Discovery of Novel Caeridins from the Skin Secretion of the Australian White’s Tree Frog, Litoria caerulea

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Qing Wu ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Huimin Lu ◽  
Xinping Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Bladder Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Litoria Caerulea

Abundant biologically active peptides have been discovered from frog skin secretions, a rich natural source of bioactive compounds with great potential in drug discovery. In this study, three Caeridin peptides, namely, Caeridin-1, S5-Caeridin-1, and Caeridin-a1, were discovered from the skin secretion of the Australian White’s tree frog, Litoria caerulea, for the first time, by means of combining transcriptomic and peptidomic analyses. It also represents the first report on bioactive Caeridins since this family of peptides was initially studied 20 years ago. Chemically synthetic versions of each natural Caeridin demonstrated promising bioactivities either on rat smooth muscles or against microbial growth. Specifically, Caeridin-1 produced contraction of rat bladder smooth muscle, while S5-Caeridin-1 induced relaxation of rat ileum smooth muscle, both at nanomolar concentrations. Moreover, Caeridin-a1 was shown to potently inhibit the growth of the planktonic Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), the Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the yeast, Candida albicans (C. albicans). The discovery of these Caeridins may induce further intensive and systematic studies of frog skin peptides to promote the discovery of natural templates as lead compounds for drug discovery and therapeutic application.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND MINIMUM EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FOUND IN DISINFECTANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Shestopalov ◽  
L. S. Fedorova ◽  
A. Yu. Skopin
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Minimum Effective Concentration ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Consumer Rights

The antimicrobial properties of various chemical compounds are significantly different. These differences are determined as the properties of the chemical compound and the properties of applied microorganisms. To determine the antimicrobial activity and establish the minimum effective concentrations of the most common chemical compounds, the Research Institute for Disinfectology of the Federal Service on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare Supervision Rospotrebnadzor conducted extensive research. The antimicrobial properties of chemical compounds were studied in relation to the main test microorganisms - gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, mold, viruses. The results obtained allowed establishing the minimum effective concentration for 9 chemical compounds in relation to 10 test microorganisms.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Skin Secretion of Rana hosii Frog (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Feskaharny Alamsjah ◽  
Djong Hon Tjong ◽  
Zil Fadhillah Rahma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The research on antimicrobial activity of skin secretion derived from Rana hosii (Anura: Ranidae) against several pathogenic microbes had been conducted at Microbiology Laboratory and at Genetics and Biomolecular Laboratory, both in the Biology Department, Universitas Andalas. The research used to survey and experimental methods. The study aimed to determine the effectivity of Rana hosii skin secretion to inhibit microbial activity, hence it tested onto some pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The results showed that the biggest inhibition zone formed against E. coli was 10.96 + 0.63 mm, on S. aureus was 11.74 + 1.00 mm, while on C. albicans was 7.42 + 0.80 mm. The results indicated that the skin secretions from Rana hosii frog could be a potential broad-spectrum antibacterial, and antifungal activity against C. albicans.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect, electronic and structural correlation of nano-filled Tin Bismuth metal alloys for biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4340-4344
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Structural Correlation ◽  
Hall Effect Measurements ◽  
Nano Rods

In this work silver vanadate (AgVO3) nano-rods were successfully synthesized using chemical precipitation route and doped in hypo (Sn 99%- Bi 1% ) and hyper (Sn 3%- Bi 97% ) -eutectic tin-bismuth (Sn-Bi) alloy. Nanostructured metal alloy was synthesized using powder compact metallurgy technique as a new low cost and time-consuming route. Effects of the AgVO3 nano-rods content on the band structure of (Sn-Bi) alloy has been investigated through electronic transition studied via ATR ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometric and Hall Effect measurements. Antimicrobial studies for pathogenic Gram negative as well as Gram positive bacteria were also investigated and correlated to the analyzed electronic and optical properties. The work a debate avenue for probability controllingthe microbial growth and to correlate electronic properties of (Sn-Bi) alloy along with their antimicrobial properties.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effect of Bacteriocin produced Pediococcus pentosaceus on some clinical isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehad A. Taher
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Agar Plug ◽  
Made In

About 10 isolates of Pediococcus sp were isolated from different cheese made in Iraq, These isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically and Api20 kit, thus there was only 6 isolate were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus (60%).In this study, we investigate, the effect of crude Bacteriocin from Pediococcus pentosaceus on 30 clinical isolates (5 E.coli, 5 Klepsiella pneumoniae, 5 Staphylococcus aureus, 5 Pseudomonas aeroginosa, 5 Bacillus subtilis, 5 Candida albicans). The protein concentration of this Bacteriocin was measured 67mg\ml by Bradford method and used as (1:2) by vol during the measuring the antimicrobial activity against the above clinical isolates by two methods wells and  agar plug assay. The results showed that  the inhibitory activity of this Bacteriocin was higher by wells method than agar pluq assay against Gram–positive bacteria or Gram-negative bacteria and yeast under this study.

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