scholarly journals The Retrospect of Modern China on Islamic Studies—Centered on People, Institutions and Their Academic Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Alimu Tuoheti
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Academic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
Reform And Development

The academic history of Islam in China. It not only refers to the academic history of Chinese scholars' research on Chinese Islam, but also includes the carding of various researches and achievements of Chinese scholars on foreign Islam and Muslims. This includes the study of Islamic classics such as Koran and Hadith, History, Pedagogy, Philosophy, Politics, Society and Culture. Islam and Muslims in different regions of foreign countries also have different characteristics, and the research methods also respect this aspect of attention. On the origin of academic history: according to the author's own and previous research results, it can be concluded that academic research with contemporary significance began at the beginning of the 20th century. Under the background of the introduction of Western learning to the East, modern academic research methods also affected the research field of Islam in China. There are four imams with high academic level, such as Ha Decheng, Wang Jingzhai, Da Pusheng and Ma Songtin. There is also Chen Hanzhang, Chen Yuan and Chuan Tongxian non-Muslim scholars joining the ranks of Islamic researchers. There was little research before the 20th century. The year 2000 can be regarded as the dividing line in the evolution of modern Islamic academic history. The period from the beginning of the 20th century to the founding of new China can be regarded as the beginning period. The period from the founding of new China to the reform and development can be regarded as the initial period. During this period, due to various political movements and other reasons, China's Islamic academic history and many other fields suffered setbacks such as stagnation to varying degrees. The period from reform and development to 2000 can be regarded as the prosperous period of Islamic academic research in contemporary China. During the period from 2001 to now, the subject consciousness is clear and the research methods are diversified. Many industries and scholars have actively participated in this research field, that is, using the theories and methods of religion, ethnology, anthropology, sociology, history, philosophy, linguistics, culture, politics and other disciplines to systematically study the historical, political, economic, cultural and other phenomena of Islam and Muslims, so as to lay a foundation for the further development of China's Islamic research.

Dubrovnik Republic in Russian Historiography in the 19th — the Beginning of the 20th Century

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9 (107)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Irina Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
European Cities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
Scientific Results

This article concerns the initial period of the phenomena of Dubrovnik Republic, who kept its independence during centuries in the alien ethnic and confessional surroundings. This item seldom appeared in the sphere of attention of the specialists upon the European urban studies. The historian V. V. Makushev (1837—1883), being at the diplomatic service in Dubrovnik, studied the resources and published the scientific results in his articles and monographs. He created his author classification of the sources of the urban problems, evaluated their informational  capability, proved the historical value of the imaginative literature. This approach is actual for the analysis of the medieval history of the Mediterranean and other European cities.

scholarly journals Soviet repressions against the clergy and believers of the Dnepropetrovsk region in 1939–1942

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Oleh Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Further Development

The study is carried out in line with general problems of the history of state- church relations in the conditions of the Soviet totalitarian system. For a long time modern historiography did not pay proper attention to anti-religious politics in the USSR in 1939–1941, both at general and regional levels. Most scholars avoided themes related to repressive policy regarding worshipers in the years following the Great Terror, and some even noted the liberalization of the course of the Soviet leadership in the field of religion and church on the eve of the German-Soviet war, which began in June 1941. The purpose of the study is to highlight political repressions against the clergy and believers of various Christian denominations in Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942. Research methods: problem-chronological, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, analysis, synthesis. The main results of the work. The process of preparation and further implementation of repressions of the clergy and active believers of various religious groups of Dnipropetrovsk region in 1939–1942 is highlighted. Dozens of convicted worshipers and “sectarians” are identified by name. Nature of accusations and peculiarities of imposed sentences are determined. The course of collective cases fabricated by the NKVD bodies against the Orthodox clergy is shown. Repressive measures of the authorities in the initial period of the German-Soviet war are analyzed. The continuity of the state anti-religious course and the use of terror until 1942 is proved. The originality of the work is in the use and analysis of numerous previously unknown archival documents which helped to disclose the formulated scientific problem. Practical value: despite the regional limitations of the study, the materials of the article are useful not only to local historians, but also to church historians for further development of the problems in the outlined chronological framework. Type of article: analytical.

Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Inclusion: a Literature Review in the Research Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
A. V. Zelenin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
World Population ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pedagogical Models ◽  
Critical Interpretation

The history of the appearance and development of the concepts of dyslexia, dysgraphia and inclusion is considered in the article. The research methods are the method of critical interpretation, the method of conceptualization, the observational method. The terms of dyslexia and dysgraphia attracted the doctor’s attention in the Late 19th – Early 20th Century. An explanation of their causes focused on medical aspects (ophthalmological factors, brain asymmetry, etc.). Linguistic and social argumentations of these deviations have appeared in the 1970s. The number of students with difficulties in reading and writing in the world is quite large and amounts to at least 10% of the total world population. In the 1980–1990s, the question arose of the stages of the such student’s integration in the general educational process. The three pedagogical models were used in were used in education throughout the 20th century: segregation, integration and inclusion. Although the inclusion assumes the equal participation of all children, without exception, in the educational process, nevertheless there is no consensus on the widespread of this model in education among the students’ parents and pedagogical community.

A History of Creole Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Moreira de Sousa ◽  
Johannes Mücke ◽  
Philipp Krämer
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Colonialism ◽  
Creole Languages ◽  
The 19Th Century

As an institutionalized subfield of academic research, Creole studies (or Creolistics) emerged in the second half of the 20th century on the basis of pioneering works in the last decades of the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. Yet its research traditions—just like the Creole languages themselves—are much older and are deeply intertwined with the history of European colonialism, slavery, and Christian missionary activities all around the globe. Throughout the history of research, creolists focused on the emergence of Creole languages and their grammatical structures—often in comparison to European colonial languages. In connection with the observations in grammar and history, creolists discussed theoretical matters such as the role of language acquisition in creolization, the status of Creoles among the other languages in the world, and the social conditions in which they are or were spoken. These discussions molded the way in which the acquired knowledge was transmitted to the following generations of creolists.

Dangerous Ground or Rich New Research Methods? Using Digital Genealogy to Trace Colonial Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-125
Author(s):  
Sue McCliskie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
New Research ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Hybrid Methodology

More than 3,000 emigrants took up the New Zealand Company's offer of a free or assisted passage to Nelson, the company's Second Colony of New Zealand, from 1841 to 1844 – but did they stay? This article outlines an academic project that combines genealogy techniques and sources with more conventional research, in order to reveal new information about colonial migrants who are often ‘invisible’ in historical accounts. These were predominantly poor English families (with some Germans, Scots and Irish), and they were part of the earliest stages of British colonisation of New Zealand. Genealogy websites such as Ancestry and FamilySearch proved to be central to this research. They provided a gateway to an astonishing amount of information that could ‘locate’ an individual or family, tying them to a certain place, without the researcher knowing which place to look for. This project highlights some of the limitations and dangers of using genealogy methods and sources in academic research – as well as what might be gained. The results suggest that this kind of hybrid methodology incorporating genealogy research can be used successfully within an academic study. In this project, the intricacies of colonial family networks were illuminated, even though the subjects were poor and continued to move around. Surprisingly high levels of mobility were identified, and this was true of women and children as well as men. These findings suggests that using genealogy to trace patterns of colonial mobility is not only important to gain an understanding of individual lives but may also contribute significantly to a better understanding of the larger processes of migration, colonisation and the history of colonial ‘places’.

scholarly journals “SILESIA ANTIQUA” JOURNAL – THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY ISSUE

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Anna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Anniversary Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Annual Publication

The museum and archaeology journal “Silesia Antiqua” is an annual publication by the Archaeological Museum in Wrocław, which was established in the 1950s. A 50th-anniversary issue was published in 2016, and in line with the convention adopted since the journal’s very inception, it is divided thematically. The most extensive article is devoted to the results of archaeological research and research methods. The history of the archaeology of Silesia, the analysis of archives, and the description of the archaeological and exhibition activity of the museum in Wrocław and similar smaller establishments in Silesia also occupies a lot of space. “Silesia Antiqua” is one of the journals which has not changed the standards it set for itself 60 years ago. The consistent graphics and the layout of regular columns, as well as the high academic level of its contents, testify to that.

scholarly journals The History of Collecting and Writing down the Manas Epos

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Ч.Т. Субакожоева
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Epic Poetry ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Great Work ◽  
History Of Collecting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
Revolutionary Period

В киргизском фольклоре эпический жанр получил значительное развитие. Среди многочисленных сказок, песен, малых эпосов особое место занимает эпос «Манас». Эпос «Манас», принадлежащий творению киргизского народа, нашел свое бытование как в Киргизской Республике, так и в Китайской Народной Республике, где проживают этнические киргизы. Собирание и запись текстов «Манаса»ввиду его многовариантности и огромных размеров представляло большую научную проблему. В его собирании, публикации и исследовании приняли самое активное участие лучшие представители русской академической науки второй половины ХIХ — начала ХХ века, ведущие советские фольклористы многих национальностей, прежде всего киргизские, а также собиратели и исследователи «Манаса» из Китайской Народной Республики. Цель статьи — рассмотреть историю собирания и фиксации эпоса «Манас» в Киргизии и в Китае. Начало записи эпоса было положено еще в дореволюционное время Ч. Валихановым и В. Радловым и продолжено в советское время К. Мифтаховым, И. Абдырахмановым в Киргизской Республике. Эпос «Манас» популярен и в Китайской Народной Республике, где имеются многочисленные сказители эпоса, выступающие со своими вариантами. Большое внимание уделяется в Китае сбору и записи различных вариантов эпоса. Среди записчиков эпоса широко известна деятельность Балбая Мамая, Лю Фажун, Ху Чжэнхуа, Сакен Өмүр, Лю Чиенву и др. Благодаря их научно-исследовательской работе были записаны материалы многих сказителей. Таким образом, можно констатировать, что проделана огромная и важная работа в области записи вариантов эпоса «Манас» как в Киргизии, так и в Китае. The epic genre plays a significant role in Kyrgyz folklore. The Manas epos is prominent among the numerous tales, songs, and smaller epic works of Kyrgyz folklore. The Manas epos is popular both in the Kyrgyz Republic and in China where people of Kyrgyz ethnicity live. The work of collecting and writing down the Manas epos is a great challenge, for the epic is exceptionally long and versatile. The best Russian scholars of the late 19th — early 20th century, leading Soviet and Chinese researchers of Kyrgyz folklore united their efforts to collect and write down the Manas epos. The aim of the article is to analyze the history of collecting and writing down the Manas epos in Kyrgyzstan and in China. The process of collecting and writing down the epic work started in the pre-revolutionary period by Ch. Vaikhanov and V. Radlov. The work was continued by K. Miftakhov and I. Abdyrakhmanov in the Kyrgyz Republic. The Manas epos is popular in China, where there are many epic storytellers who recite their own variants of the epic. Chinese scholars work to collect and write down various variants of the epic. The most famous epic poetry collectors are Balbay Mamay, Lu Fajun, Hu Jen-hwa, Saken Omur, Lu Chienwu and others. The researchers have managed to write down more than twenty different variants of the epic. They have undoubtedly done great work in the sphere of collecting and writing down the Manas epos in Kyrgyzstan and in China.

scholarly journals "I HAVE EXPERIENCED ALL THE BEAUTIES OF RUSSIAN PRISONS": MOISEI GINZBURG‘S EXILE TO PINEGA

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
V. V. Akimchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Research Field ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Revolutionary Situation

To date, there are no studies in Russian and foreign historiography that would objectively cover the individual stages of the biography of the Russian and Soviet philosopher, historian and publicist Moisei Isaakovich Gintsburg (Dayan) (1877-1940). A significant body of his scientific heritage remains not involved in the research field, which is represented by developments on the history of the Jews, the study of the archaeological monuments of the Crimea and the issues of museum affairs in the USSR, which actualizes the topic of this study. The article analyzes in detail the initial period of biography M. I. Gintsburg, associated with revolutionary activities in the early twentieth century. Based on the analysis of a new corpus of archival sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region, the period of M. I. Gintsburg's stay in exile in the territory of the Arkhangelsk province in 1903-1905 is restored. In synthesis with the documents that we have identified in the collections of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, we were able to characterize the period of his political and revolutionary activity in the ranks of the General Jewish Workers Union in Lithuania, Poland and Russia (Bund). The classification of the obtained data allowed us to restore the ideas about the political views of M. I. Gintsburg in the context of the brewing revolutionary situation in the Russian Empire. The new archival documents discovered and involved in the research field, as well as the description of the processes and phenomena described above, made it possible to supplement and interpret a new body of informative material on the history of key historical processes in the territory of the Russian Empire during the revolutionary upheavals of the early twentieth century.

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE VIA WRITTEN SOURCES OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA (THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY).

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.А. Дзадзиева
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Museum Studies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Written Sources

Статья посвящена анализу письменных источников по охране памятников культуры из фондов Национального музея Республики Северная ОсетияАлания, рассматриваемых в контексте общероссийских и республиканских законодательных актов и решений, и практической деятельности по их реализации в республике в первой половине XX в. Приведенная в статье характеристика источников по данной проблематике есть лишь первое приближение к научной обработке и репрезентации хранящегося в научном архиве Национального музея солидного массива не систематизированных и не публиковавшихся ранее материалов, представленных официальными документами, материалами музеографического характера и источниками личного происхождения. Дальнейшая публикация и введение в научный оборот богатого фактологического материала из письменных фондов музея позволит значительно расширить исследовательское поле как в области историкокультурного развития республики в целом, так и истории музейного дела в частности. Особый интерес представляет изучение музейного мира республики сквозь призму персоналий. The article is devoted to the analysis of allRussian and republican legislation acts and solutions and their implementation in the first half of the 20th century. It is written on the basis of the preliminary examination of the written fund of the National Museum of the Republic of North OssetiaAlania. The analysis and characteristics of the written sources on this topic is just the first approach to the scientific processing and representation of the massive bulk of written sources kept at the museum, which have not been systematized or published. The abundant factual material, represented by the official and museographic sources and the sources of personal character will be introduced into scientific discourse in prospect, thus broadening the research field in the sphere of historical and cultural development of the Republic, the history of the museum studies and the museum world of the Republic in the person.

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