Virtual Tools for Safety and Ergonomic Evaluations of Electric Vehicle Architecture

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambarish Kulkarni ◽  
Ajay Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Vehicle Architecture ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Single Operator ◽  
Ergonomic Evaluation

Electric vehicles (EV’s) are alternative fuel technology in auto industry with wide acceptance across globe. This paper elaborates virtual methods used to as tool for safety and ergonomic evaluations of in wheel design using Switch Reluctance Motor (SRM). In our recent research, a unique design of in wheel design using SRM has been developed. Special advantages of this design include modularity, scalability, cost effectiveness, and easy installation. Easy installation of in wheel design architecture is one of the prime criteria, since it relates to changing of tyres in long runs. In the proposed passenger car, if work is carried out for maintenance issues, generally single operator (mechanic) dose tyre changing or wheel/brake servicing. Two validations are important, mainly safety of the operator; secondly design for assembly of motor, and tyre rims. As a part of this research, Virtual Reality (VR) based safety and ergonomic evaluation studies have been conducted for the in wheel design adaptations. The computational models and virtual modelling simulations using motion capture, Arena and EON reality mimicked live system environments, so as to validate effectiveness motor assembly and disassembly functionality using human as an interface. Initial phase consists of schematic representations of models to evaluate conceptualisation for different designs. Based on schematics, SR motor and rim tyre models were developed and interfaced in VR environment. In second phase, vehicle topology was reverse engineered using hand held 3D scanner and converted to metafile for full scale model development. In third phase, motion capture was used with 20 camera systems to video record the existing human movements and rigid body such as tyre to develop live environment. Finally all three phases were interfaced together in VR environment to evaluate assembly and disassembly functions. Based on the validation of these, designs were fine tuned for effective assembly functionality. The VR based safety and ergonomic evaluation procedures were used for demonstration of wheel assembly disassembly functions by single operator. Similar context can be extended to other automotive design evaluations, without substantial prototype costs for safety and ergonomic evaluations.

Modeling and Assessment of the Produced Water Discharges from Offshore Petroleum Platforms

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Charles Hannath
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Water Stream

Abstract There has been a growing interest in assessing the risks to the marine environment from produced water discharges. This study describes the development of a numerical approach, POM-RW, based on an integration of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) and a Random Walk (RW) simulation of pollutant transport. Specifically, the POM is employed to simulate local ocean currents. It provides three-dimensional hydrodynamic input to a Random Walk model focused on the dispersion of toxic components within the produced water stream on a regional spatial scale. Model development and field validation of the predicted current field and pollutant concentrations were conducted in conjunction with a water quality and ecological monitoring program for an offshore facility located on the Grand Banks of Canada. Results indicate that the POM-RW approach is useful to address environmental risks associated with the produced water discharges.

Assessment of Machine Learning-Based Audiovisual Quality Predictors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Mythili K. ◽  
Manish Narwaria
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Multimedia Communication ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Data Uncertainty ◽  
Attractive Alternative

Quality assessment of audiovisual (AV) signals is important from the perspective of system design, optimization, and management of a modern multimedia communication system. However, automatic prediction of AV quality via the use of computational models remains challenging. In this context, machine learning (ML) appears to be an attractive alternative to the traditional approaches. This is especially when such assessment needs to be made in no-reference (i.e., the original signal is unavailable) fashion. While development of ML-based quality predictors is desirable, we argue that proper assessment and validation of such predictors is also crucial before they can be deployed in practice. To this end, we raise some fundamental questions about the current approach of ML-based model development for AV quality assessment and signal processing for multimedia communication in general. We also identify specific limitations associated with the current validation strategy which have implications on analysis and comparison of ML-based quality predictors. These include a lack of consideration of: (a) data uncertainty, (b) domain knowledge, (c) explicit learning ability of the trained model, and (d) interpretability of the resultant model. Therefore, the primary goal of this article is to shed some light into mentioned factors. Our analysis and proposed recommendations are of particular importance in the light of significant interests in ML methods for multimedia signal processing (specifically in cases where human-labeled data is used), and a lack of discussion of mentioned issues in existing literature.

scholarly journals Simulation Models for Solving Multiscale Combustion Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Н. Н. Смирнов ◽  
В. В. Тюренкова ◽  
В. Ф. Никитин
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Combustion Chemistry ◽  
Processor Time

Разработка алгоритмической компоновки и программ для расчета многомасштабных процессов горения является актуальной междисциплинарной темой фундаментальных исследований, которая объединяет методы информационных технологий, механики многокомпонентных сплошных сред, химии и математического моделирования. Задача разработки алгоритмической компоновки и подбора программ для расчета многомасштабных процессов горения набирает актуальность с каждым годом в связи как с интенсивным развитием вычислительных методов и моделей, так и с увеличением современных возможностей суперкомпьютерных вычислений. Практическая применимость разрабатываемых вычислительных моделей и методов охватывает проблемы энергетики, двигателестроения, взрывопожаробезопасности, а также интенсификации добычи полезных ископаемых с применением методов термохимического воздействия на пласт. Основными проблемами, возникающими в процессе моделирования, являются: а) многомасштабность, не позволяющая проводить моделирование всех задействованных процессов на единых даже масштабируемых сетках; б) жесткость и большая размерность системы дифференциальных уравнений для описания химической кинетики, решение которой может занимать 80% процессорного времени. Данная статья представляет обзор уже проведенных исследований в ФГУ ФНЦ НИИСИ РАН и анализ трудностей, с которыми столкнулись исследователи. В статье содержатся новые предложения по преодолению вычислительных трудностей и намечены пути их реализации. Возможность решения проблем в части многомасштабности видится в применении подходов многоуровневого моделирования, при котором детальное решение задачи более мелкого масштаба обрабатывается и вносится в качестве элемента модели более крупного масштаба. Для решения проблемы сокращения времени интегрирования уравнений многостадийной химической кинетики актуальным трендом является применение нейросетевых подходов и методов в рамках разрабатываемых вычислительных моделей. Этот подход в настоящее время развивается сотрудниками отдела вычислительных систем совместно с коллективом Центра оптико-нейронных технологий ФГУ ФНЦ НИИСИ РАН. The development of algorithms and software for analyzing multiscale combustion processes is a relevant field of fundamental research that combines the methods of information technologies, mechanics of multicomponent continua, combustion chemistry, and simulation. It gains relevance year to year due to the intensive development of computational methods and models, and with the increase in supercomputing performance. The applications of the proposed computational models and methods include energy, engine manufacturing, explosion and fire safety fields, as well as thermochemical mineral recovery stimulation methods. The key simulation problems are a. the problem is multiscale: all the processes involved cannot be simulated with the same grid, even a scalable one; b. the rigidity and large dimensionality of the system of differential equations that describes chemical kinetics. Its solution may take up to 80 % of the processor time. This paper is an overview of the research conducted at the Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis and an analysis of the difficulties faced by the researchers. It also proposes new ways for overcoming the computational difficulties and give some implementation considerations. To solve the multi-scale issue, multi-level modeling approaches can be used: a detailed solution to a smaller-scale problem is processed and introduced as a component of a larger-scale model. To reduce the integration time of the multi-stage chemical kinetics equations, the current approach is applying neural networks and methods to the existing computational models. This approach is currently being developed at the Department of Computing Systems in collaboration with the Center for Optical-Neural Technologies, SRISA.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PENILAIAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Veny Iswantiningtyas ◽  
Widi Wulansari
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Character Education ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Kindergarten Child ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Education Assessment

This research aims to develop an early childhood character education assessment model. The research method used is the R & D model developed by Borg & Gall. The implementation of this model development was carried out in 6 stages, namely information gathering, planning, model development, initial product testing, product revision, and main field test. The instrument had developed by the procedure and criteria for item validity and instrument reliability. The first phase of the trial was conducted in Taman Indria Kindergarten, Pare District. The second phase of the trial was conducted at Tauladan Kindergarten and Dharma Wanita Pelem Kindergarten in Pare District. Data from the trial and main field tests were analyzed using factor analysis. The results of this study are as follows: 1) there are 18 character values with 65 indicators indicating that all indicators contribute effectively to the factors in each character value variable, 2) almost all indicators in each character value are strongly and significantly correlated with other indicators so that the assessment model that has been developed can assess all values of character education that have been taught for one semester, 3) according to the results of the questionnaire that has been analyzed it can be concluded that the use of early childhood character education assessment models is very effective to be applied in Kindergarten child. Keywords: Assessment model Development, Character Education Assessment Model, Early Childhood Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model penilaian pendidikan karakter anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah model R&D yang dikembangkan oleh Borg & Gall. Pelaksanaan pengembangan model ini dilakukan dalam 6 tahapan, yaitupengumpulan informasi, perencanaan, pengembangan model, uji produk awal, revisi produk, dan uji lapangan utama.Instrumen yang digunakan telah memenuhi syarat sebagai instrumen yang valid dan reliabel.Uji coba tahap pertama dilakukan di TK Taman Indria Kecamatan Pare. Uji coba tahap kedua dilakukan di TK Tauladan dan TK Dharma Wanita Pelem Kecamatan Pare. Data hasil uji coba dan uji lapangan utama dianalisis menggunakan analisis faktor. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) terdapat 18 nilai karakter dengan 65 indikator yang  menunjukkan bahwa seluruh indikator memberikan sumbangan yang efektif terhadap faktor dalam variabel tiap-tiap nilai karakter, 2) hampir semua indikator pada tiap-tiap nilai karakter berkorelasi kuat dan signifikan dengan indikator yang lain sehingga model penilaian yang telah dikembangkan dapat menilai seluruh nilai pendidikan karakter yang telah diajarkan selama satu semester,3) sesuai hasil angket yang telah dianalisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model penilaian pendidikan karakter anak usia dini sangat efektif untuk diterapkan di Taman Kanak-kanak. Kata Kunci :Pengembangan  model penilaian, Model Penilaian Pendidikan Karakter, Anak Usia Dini.

Editorial overview: Water quality: A new challenge for global scale model development and application

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. A1-A5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nynke Hofstra ◽  
Carolien Kroeze ◽  
Martina Flörke ◽  
Michelle TH van Vliet
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Scale Model

Reactor Scale Model of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Growth in a Tube Flow Chemical Vapor Deposition Reactor

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Lombardo ◽  
Wilson K. S. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Tube Flow ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Growth ◽  
Nanotube Growth

Even though a large number of applications for multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been proposed, there is relatively limited knowledge about the optimal conditions in which to create multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Computational models have been shown to be a promising tool to determine the best carbon nanotube growth conditions. In this paper the growth of MWNTs in a tube flow CVD reactor was studied through the use of the commercial software package COMSOL, where details steps have been described to reformulate an existing single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) growth model to accommodate MWNTs followed by validation and growth rate prediction. Higher growth rates were predicted for MWNTs than SWNTs which is a result of the increase in pathways for carbon to form carbon nanotubes based on the additional walls. Results indicate that selecting the correct number of walls can be important to the results of the model.

Development of a Suite of Computational Models for the Design of Ultralow-k SiCOH-based Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Cooper ◽  
Paulette Clancy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Multiple Length Scales

ABSTRACTA computational model of amorphous SiCOH materials is described that will facilitate studies of SiCOH behavior under different thermal and mechanical stresses. This involved developing an atomic-scale model of an SiCOH thin film, which exhibited structural, mechanical and electrical properties in agreement with experimental studies. We developed a unique process for computationally creating the structure of SiCOH films. We created an algorithm for introducing and estimating porosity in the system, which provides detailed information about the system’s pore size distribution on multiple length scales. We used Density Functional Theory (DFT) to develop a simple correlation that calculates the dielectric constant of a large SiCOH structure based only on its atomic composition and volume. Finally, we confirmed the mechanical properties of the model using established Molecular Dynamics techniques. We verified that essential electronic and mechanical properties of the model structure reproduce experimental data for a representative SiCOH material within acceptable accuracy. We find the mechanical properties are significantly weakened by the presence of pendant carbon groups.

Shaking Table Tests of a Typical Mexican Colonial Temple: Evaluation of Two Retrofitting Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Chávez ◽  
Roberto Meli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Shaking Table Tests ◽  
Displacement Capacity

This paper reports the results of the second phase of a research program that carried out shaking table tests on a scale model of a typical stone masonry temple. This second phase evaluates the efficacy of two different retrofitting techniques by comparing the response of the retrofitted models with that of the original unreinforced model. It was found that both retrofitting schemes substantially enhanced the performance of the model temple. The maximum intensity of the base motion for which damage was considered to be still repairable increased by 80% and 120% for the first and the second levels of retrofitting, respectively. In terms of displacement capacity, the response of the model with the second level of retrofit reached a maximum drift of 0.4%. The initial damping ratios were found to be in the range of 7% to 9%, both in the original and the retrofitted models. These ratios constitute a significant source of energy dissipation for this kind of structure.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of raster angle, build orientation, and infill density on the elastic response of 3D printed parts using finite element microstructural modeling and homogenization techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Gonabadi ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Arti Yadav ◽  
Steve Bull
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Elastic Response ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Homogenization Technique ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractAlthough the literature is abundant with the experimental methods to characterize mechanical behavior of parts made by fused filament fabrication 3D printing, less attention has been paid in using computational models to predict the mechanical properties of these parts. In the present paper, a numerical homogenization technique is developed to predict the effect of printing process parameters on the elastic response of 3D printed parts with cellular lattice structures. The development of finite element computational models of printed parts is based on a multi scale approach. Initially, at the micro scale level, the analysis of micro-mechanical models of a representative volume element is used to calculate the effective orthotropic properties. The finite element models include different infill densities and building/raster orientation maintaining the bonded region between the adjacent fibers and layers. The elastic constants obtained by this method are then used as an input for the creation of macro scale finite element models enabling the simulation of the mechanical response of printed samples subjected to the bending, shear, and tensile loads. Finally, the results obtained by the homogenization technique are validated against more realistic finite element explicit microstructural models and experimental measurements. The results show that, providing an accurate characterization of the properties to be fed into the macro scale model, the use of the homogenization technique is a reliable tool to predict the elastic response of 3D printed parts. The outlined approach provides faster iterative design of 3D printed parts, contributing to reducing the number of experimental replicates and fabrication costs.

Development and evaluation of an innovative creative arts program on a tertiary palliative care unit.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 167-167
Author(s):  
Cheryl Nekolaichuk ◽  
Kim Crowe ◽  
Trevor Ellerby ◽  
Bette Emery-Thom ◽  
Christine Enfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Palliative Care Unit ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Expression Of Emotions

167 Background: The use of creative arts in palliative care is a unique psychosocial-spiritual intervention, yet there are limited evaluation studies of these programs. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the development and evaluation of a creative arts program, entitled “Tile Tales,” on a 20-bed tertiary palliative care unit. Methods: The “Tile Tales” program encourages the creative exploration of emotions, values and beliefs through the creation of a visual expression on a ceramic tile, with an accompanying story. In this second phase of a three-phase evaluation, participants (18 years or older) were asked to complete a survey at the end of their experience. Results: Over a two-year period (January, 2016 – December, 2017), 40 tiles were completed by 52 participants. Children under 18 years (n = 16) were excluded from further analysis. Twenty-one of 36 adult participants (58%) completed surveys, consisting of family members (n = 9, 43%), patients (n = 6, 28.5%) and staff (n = 6, 28.5%). Participants rated their experience as very meaningful (M 4.8, SD 0.5, scale 0-5). The three highest average impact scores (scale 0-5) were: raising spirits (M 4.9, SC 0.3), expression of feelings (M 4.6, SD .6) and working through grief (M 4.6, SD 0.7). Qualitative comments included themes of gratitude, leaving a legacy, meaning and connecting with others. Conclusions: This innovative creative arts program benefited patients, family and staff, in the expression of emotions and sharing personal stories. These findings will assist with improving program delivery and future planning of the creative arts in palliative care.

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