Partial-Body Cryotherapy Exposure 2 Hours Prior to a Shuttle Run Does Not Enhance Running Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emily M. Partridge ◽  
Julie Cooke ◽  
Andrew J. McKune ◽  
David B. Pyne
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Partial Body ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Maximal Effort ◽  
Shuttle Run

Purpose: To determine whether a single acute preexercise bout of partial-body cryotherapy (PBC) enhanced maximal-effort shuttle run performance, salivary enzyme concentration, and self-reported performance readiness. Methods: A total of 18 male rugby league players (age = 20.1 [0.5] y; mass = 91.4 [12.4] kg) were exposed to either PBC for 3 minutes at −136°C (1°C) or a control condition prior to a continuous, high-intensity 6 × 40-m shuttle run test. Passive saliva samples were collected to determine salivary alpha amylase (sAA) concentration. Perceived performance readiness and well-being questionnaires were completed using a 1-to-7 Likert scale. Results: The PBC exposure did not elicit a greater improvement in 6 × 40-m shuttle run performance in comparison with the control condition (standardized difference; +0.4 [5.9%]; P = .881; mean ± 90% confidence limits). The increase in sAA concentration was moderately greater 15 minutes after PBC compared with the control group (+67 [32%], P = .012) and remained moderately higher up to 2 hours post-PBC exposure compared with the control condition (+41 [40%], P = .045). There were greater improvements in self-reported perceptions of muscle soreness (+0.6 [0.4%], P = .043; units ±90% confidence limits) and mood (+0.6 [0.7%], P = .038) after PBC compared with control. Conclusions: It appears that a single 3-minute bout of PBC does not augment maximal effort shuttle run performance in elite rugby league players. Beneficial increases in sAA concentration, coupled with improved perceptions of muscle soreness and mood, should be explored further for alternative training or precompetition practices.

scholarly journals Recreo organizado como estrategia para mejorar los niveles actividad física y condición física en adolescentes escolares (Organized recess as a strategy to improve physical activity levels and physical condition in adolescents)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 403-401
Author(s):  
Fernando Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Sebastián Molina Roblero ◽  
Gerson Luis De Moraes Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run ◽  
Lunch Time

  El propósito del estudio fue identificar los efectos de una intervención durante recreos escolares sobre la condición física y actividad física en una muestra de adolescentes chilenos. Participaron 50 escolares voluntarios (27 chicas), con un promedio de 14,2 ± 1,3 años. Grupo control (n=21) y grupo intervención (n=29). Se realizaron actividades dirigidas en el patio del colegio durante los dos recreos de las mañanas por 12 semanas. Se evaluó el test de 20m ida-vuelta, dinamometría manual, composición corporal, cuestionario PAQ-A y acelerometría. El grupo intervención (GI), tuvo mejor nivel de actividad física que el grupo control (GC), durante los recreos, clase de Educación Física, hora de almuerzo y más pasos/día (p<0,05). En conclusión, la participación activa durante los recreos puede aumentar los minutos de actividad física moderada-vigorosa y mejorar la condición física cardiorrespiratoria. Abstract. The purpose of this project was to identify the effects of an intervention during school recesses on physical condition and physical activity in Chilean adolescents. Fifty volunteer students (27 girls) participated, with an average of 14.2 ± 1.3 years. Control group (n=21) and intervention group (n=29). Targeted activities were carried out in the schoolyard during the two recesses in the morning, for 12 weeks. Pre and post test, the 20m shuttle run test, manual dynamometry, body composition, PAQ-A questionnaire and accelerometry were evaluated. The intervention group (GI), had better levels of physical activity than the control group (GC), during recess, physical education class, lunch time and steps/day (p <0.05). In conclusion, the active participation during recesses can increase minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity and improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PELATIHAN LADDER DRILL DENGAN METODE ASCENDING DAN DESCENDING TERDADAP PENINGKATAN KECEPATAN DAN KELINCAHAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Dzul Fikri ◽  
Oce Wiriawan ◽  
Achmad Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Shuttle Run

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penurunan prestasi atlet futsal SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh latihan Ladder Drill dengan metode latihan ascending dan metode latihan descending terhadap peningkatan kecepatan dan kelincahan pada siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode quasi-experiment. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design yang dilaksanakan dalam 24 kali pertemuan dalam 8 minggu. Instrumen tes kecepatan menggunakan lari 40 meter, sedangkan instrumen kelincahan menggunakan shuttle run test. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk mengolah hasil penelitian menggunakan uji-t, MANOVA, dan Post Hoc dengan uji Scheffe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kecepatan dan kelincahan yang signifikan dari metode ascending dan descending. Sedangkan analisis post hoc uji Scheffe tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok ascending dan kelompok descending terhadap kecepatan dan kelincahan. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kedua metode ascending dan descending, dapat meningkatkan kecepatan dan kelincahan sama baiknya terhadap atlet futsal SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. Abstract This research was motivated by a decrease in the achievement of futsal athletes at SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. This study aims to examine the effect of ladder drill training with ascending training methods and descending training methods on increasing speed and agility in futsal extracurricular students at SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. The type of research in this research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental method. The design used in the study was the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design which was carried out in 24 meetings in 8 weeks. The speed test instrument uses 40 meters running, while the agility instrument uses the shuttle run test. Analysis of the data used to process the research results using the t-test, MANOVA, and Post Hoc with the Scheffe test. The results showed a significant increase in speed and agility from the ascending and descending methods. While the post hoc analysis of the Scheffe test, there was no significant difference between the ascending and descending groups in terms of speed and agility. The results of this study concluded that both ascending and descending methods can improve speed and agility as well as futsal athletes at SMA Antartika Sidoarjo.

The reliability and usefulness of an individualised submaximal shuttle run test in elite rugby league players

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tannath J. Scott ◽  
Shaun J. McLaren ◽  
Johnpaul Caia ◽  
Vincent G. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Rugby League ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

scholarly journals Neuromuscular, Endocrine, and Perceptual Fatigue Responses During Different Length Between-Match Microcycles in Professional Rugby League Players

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake D. McLean ◽  
Aaron J. Coutts ◽  
Vince Kelly ◽  
Michael R. McGuigan ◽  
Stuart J. Cormack
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Power Perception

Introduction:The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in neuromuscular, perceptual and hormonal measures following professional rugby league matches during different length between-match microcycles.Methods:Twelve professional rugby league players from the same team were assessed for changes in countermovement jump (CMJ) performance (fight time and relative power), perceptual responses (fatigue, well-being and muscle soreness) and salivary hormone (testosterone [T] and cortisol [C]) levels during 5, 7 and 9 d between-match training microcycles. All training was prescribed by the club coaches and was monitored using the session-RPE method.Results:Lower mean daily training load was completed on the 5 d compared with the 7 and 9 d microcycles. CMJ fight time and relative power, perception of fatigue, overall well-being and muscle soreness were signifcantly reduced in the 48 h following the match in each microcycle (P < .05). Most CMJ variables returned to near baseline values following 4 d in each microcycle. Countermovement jump relative power was lower in the 7 d microcycle in comparison with the 9 d microcycle (P < .05). There was increased fatigue at 48 h in the 7 and 9 d microcycles (P < .05) but had returned to baseline in the 5 d microcycle. Salivary T and C did not change in response to the match.Discussion:Neuromuscular performance and perception of fatigue are reduced for at least 48 h following a rugby league match but can be recovered to baseline levels within 4 d. These fndings show that with appropriate training, it is possible to recover neuromuscular and perceptual measures within 4 d after a rugby league match.

Cooper and Shuttle Run Test in Young Students: Results and Correlations

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Lovecchio ◽  
Matteo Merati ◽  
Mauro Guasti ◽  
Francesco Casolo ◽  
Luca Eid
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Shuttle Run

Abstract Young people performance is often used to define the well-being and physical activity level. Several studies were assessed in school environments where more sedentary students were recruitable. As such, over 3800 students were tested with Shuttle Run Test (5m x 10) and Cooper endurance test during Physical Education classes. Shuttle Run Test was assessed according to the instructions given by Eurofit battery while the endurance trial was run in the playing field of each school. All phases of the test were run by teachers who collected data. During growth, males and females followed different trends: females showed the highest peak between 11 and 12 years while males between 13 and 14 years. Between 11 and 14 females increased their weight by about 10 kgs, while males gained 16 kgs. During Shuttle Run Test, the mean time spent performing the trial was 19,27 sec (M) and 20,25 sec (F). In both sexes the 13 and 14 year-old students were quickest while the 12 year-old students were the slowest. Males performed the test between 3200 m and 810 m while females performed 1795 m (on average). Statistical differences were found only between Cooper test and gender in all age groups. Disinclination for active life style is widespread however school education programs could reach all young people and arrange the tendency of students towards sport and well being.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SPEED ENDURANCE AND COORDINATION ABILITIES OF SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH THE HELP OF EXERCISE CLASSICS

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Georgiy Polevoy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Regular School ◽  
School Year ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

The aim of the study is to study the influence of the exercise «Classic’s» in the lessons of physical culture in school on the performance of speed endurance and coordination abilities of children 8-9 years. Material – the Study was conducted during the school year in a regular school in Kirov, Russia. The study involved schoolchildren from the second grade in the amount of 50 people. The lesson on physical culture at school lasted for 40 minutes, during the week there were two lessons. Indicators of speed endurance were determined by the test «Jumping through rope», indicators of coordination abilities were determined by the test «Shuttle run». Mathematical processing of the results of the study was carried out using programs Excel-2016, Bio-Stat-2009, T-Student, reliability at P<0.05. Results – after nine months of pedagogical experiment the results improved in both groups. The children in the control group improved their performance in the «Jumping through rope» test by 13.1% (P<0.05), and the performance in the «Shuttle run» test improved from 10.1±0.9 seconds to 9.7±0.5 seconds (P<0.05). The schoolchildren from the EG had significantly improved in both tests. In the test «Jumping through rope», the result has improved by 40% (P<0.05), and in the test «Shuttle run» the result has improved from 10.5±0.8 to 8.5 h±0.5 h (P<0.05). The results of the study in the EG say about the effectiveness of the use of exercises «Classic’s» in physical education lessons at school. Conclusion – if at each lesson on physical culture at school schoolchildren will perform the exercise «Classic’s» the level of development of speed endurance and coordination abilities will increase significantly.

Commentary on the Assessment and Interpretation of Pediatric Aerobic Fitness—The Year That Was 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

Three papers, which between them contribute to the current debate on the assessment and interpretation of pediatric aerobic fitness, were selected for commentary. The first paper (Children. 2017; 4:6; doi:10.3390/children4010006) highlights the merits of clinical exercise testing and advocates the advancement of pediatric exercise testing through a rationale founded on demonstrated prognostic value of data obtained. It notes the lack of well-accepted definitions of exercise outcome variables in children and promotes the case for data harmonization across laboratories. The second paper (J Appl Physiol. 2017; 122: 997–1002) argues persuasively that the acceptance of peak oxygen uptake (peak ) at the termination of an exercise test to voluntary exhaustion as a surrogate for a “true” maximal value (ie, ) is no longer tolerable. The authors present a compelling case for the adoption of a follow-up verification test to unambiguously validate the achievement of . The third paper (Br J Sports Med. 2017; 1–10, doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097982) compiles large, previously published datasets to provide a review of temporal trends in 20-m shuttle run test scores. The authors assert that temporal trends in 20-m shuttle run test performance provide meaningful insight into trends in population health. The commentary stresses the importance of scientific rigor in pediatric exercise testing, emphasizes the use of precise definitions when describing health-related variables, and cautions against the misuse of exercise outcome measures in recommendations relating to or impacting on young people’s health and well-being.

Does the Twenty Meter Shuttle-Run Test Elicit Maximal Effort in 11- to 16-Year-Olds?

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Voss ◽  
Gavin Sandercock
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Naturalistic Setting ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximal Effort ◽  
Shuttle Run

The aim of this study was to determine if maximal effort, evidenced by peak HR was attained during the 20m shuttle-run test in a naturalistic setting. Shuttle-run test performance and peak HR were measured in 208 volunteers (11–16 years). Peak HR was 196 (95% confidence interval (C.I.) 194–198 bpm). The relationship between test performance and peak HR was assessed by regression. There was a weak, but statistically significant relationship between test performance and peak HR (R2 = .029, p = .029) but with such a low coefficient of determination (less than 5% criterion), poor performances were not associated with low peak HR values or underestimation of maximal performance. Peak HR values (196 bpm) were higher than cited criterion values (185 bpm) for maximal effort in laboratory studies. In a naturalistic setting, the 20m shuttle-run test elicits a maximal effort in most children.

Yoga versus physical exercise for cardio-respiratory fitness in adolescent school children: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vhavle Satish ◽  
Raghavendra Mohan Rao ◽  
Nandi Krishnamurthy Manjunath ◽  
Ram Amritanshu ◽  
Udupa Vivek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

Abstract Background Yoga is very effective in improving health especially cardio-respiratory fitness and also overall performance in adolescents. There are no large numbers of randomized controlled studies conducted on comparing yoga with physical activity for cardio-respiratory fitness in adolescent school children with large sample size. Objective Aerobic training is known to improve physical and cardio-respiratory fitness in children. Cardio-respiratory fitness is an important indicator of health in children. In this study we evaluate the effects of yoga versus physical exercise training on cardio-respiratory fitness in adolescent school children. Subjects Eight hundred two school students from 10 schools across four districts were recruited for this study. Methods In this prospective two arm RCT around 802 students were randomized to receive daily one hour yoga training (n = 411) or physical exercise (n = 391) over a period of two months. VO2 max was estimated using 20 m shuttle run test. However, yoga (n = 377) and physical exercise (n = 371) students contributed data to the analyses. Data was analysed using students t test. Results There was a significant improvement in VO2 max using 20 m Shuttle run test in both yoga (p < 0.001) and exercise (p < 0.001) group following intervention. There was no significant change in VO2 max between yoga and physical exercise group following intervention. However, in the subgroup with an above median cut-off of VO2 max; there was a significant improvement in yoga group compared to control group following intervention (p = 0.03). Conclusion The results suggest yoga can improve cardio-respiratory fitness and aerobic capacity as physical exercise intervention in adolescent school children.

No Effect of Partial-Body Cryotherapy on Restoration of Countermovement Jump or Well-Being Performance in Elite Rugby Union Players During the Competitive Phase of the Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Adam Grainger ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Shane Heffernan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Real World ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Competitive Season ◽  
Partial Body

Purpose: Partial body cryotherapy (PBC) has been shown to be beneficial for postexercise recovery; however, no study has demonstrated the effectiveness of PBC for recovery following elite rugby union training. Rugby union is a unique sport that involves high-velocity collisions and may induce greater performance decrements than other sports; thus, PBC could be beneficial. The application of PBC in “real world” has rarely been investigated during the competitive phase of a playing season and warranted investigation. Methods: In a counterbalanced sequential research design, professional rugby athletes (n = 18; age 25.4 [4.0] y; training age 7.2 [4.0] y; mass 99.8 [10.6] kg; height 188.3 [6.0] cm) were assigned to a 12-week PBC intervention, washout period (4 wk), and reassessed as their own controls. Self-reported well-being, muscle soreness, sleep quality, and countermovement jump height were assessed before and 40 hours after “real-world” training. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Cohen d were used for statistical analysis. Results: No differences were observed between PBC and control conditions (P > .05; d = 0.00–0.14) for well-being (−0.02% [0.08%] vs 0.01% [0.06%]), muscle soreness (−0.01% [0.11%] vs 0.01% [0.16%]), sleep quality (−0.03% [0.14%] vs 0.10% [0.29%]), or countermovement jump height (36.48–36.59 vs 38.13–37.52 cm; P = .54). Conclusions: These results suggest PBC is ineffective for the restoration of selected performance parameters during the performance maintenance phase of the competitive season. To ascertain the appropriation of its use, future investigations should seek to assess the use of cryotherapies at various phases of the elite rugby union competitive season.

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