Exploration of Habitual Walking Behavior and Home-Based Muscle Power Training in Individuals With Total Knee Arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
Elaine Trudelle-Jackson ◽  
Emerenciana Hines ◽  
Ann Medley ◽  
Mary Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Home Based

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a home-based muscle power training program on muscle strength and power, functional performance, and physical activity behavior in individuals at least 6 months posttotal knee arthroplasty. Methods: Twelve men and women, mean age 63.9 (6.8) and 6 months to 2 years posttotal knee arthroplasty unilateral or bilateral), completed this study. Participants were randomly assigned to the home-based power training intervention or step-monitoring comparison group. Quadriceps muscle strength and power, 6-minute walk test, functional leg power, and habitual walking behavior (average daily steps, minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity) were assessed before and after intervention and then compared between and within groups. Results: The authors found no significant differences between the groups on amount of change in any of the outcomes, but mixed results on differences within each of the groups on the outcome measures. Conclusion: There were no differences between the groups for amount of change on the outcome measures the authors selected. Although within group differences varied slightly for each group, it was not enough to justify the more expensive home-based power training over the simpler step-monitoring intervention.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Emotional Well-Being during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qin ◽  
Yiqing Song ◽  
George P Nassis ◽  
Lina Zhao ◽  
Yanan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Home Based

We aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lock down on lifestyle in China during the initial stage of the pandemic. A questionnaire was distributed to Chinese adults living in 31 provinces of China via the internet using a snowball sampling strategy. Information on 7-day physical activity recall, screen time, and emotional state were collected between January 24 and February 2, 2020. ANOVA, χ² test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used for statistical analysis. 12,107 participants aged 18–80 years were included. During the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, nearly 60% of Chinese adults had inadequate physical activity (95% CI 56.6%–58.3%), which was more than twice the global prevalence (27.5%, 25.0%–32.2%). Their mean screen time was more than 4 hours per day while staying at home (261.3 ± 189.8 min per day), and the longest screen time was found in young adults (305.6 ± 217.5 min per day). We found a positive and significant correlation between provincial proportions of confirmed COVID-19 cases and negative affect scores (r = 0.501, p = 0.004). Individuals with vigorous physical activity appeared to have a better emotional state and less screen time than those with light physical activity. During this nationwide lockdown, more than half of Chinese adults temporarily adopted a sedentary lifestyle with insufficient physical activity, more screen time, and poor emotional state, which may carry considerable health risks. Promotion of home-based self-exercise can potentially help improve health and wellness.

scholarly journals Effects of a Fundamental Motor Skill-Based Afterschool Program on Children’s Physical and Cognitive Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonyoung Lee ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu ◽  
Xiangli Gu ◽  
Ping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Afterschool Program ◽  
Cognitive Health

Globally, more than half of school-aged children do not engage in the recommended 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Given that developing sufficient fundamental motor skills (FMS) competence during early elementary school years is important for a child’s physical and cognitive development, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week FMS-based afterschool program on physical and cognitive health outcomes among elementary children. Participants were 31 K–2 students (19 girls, 12 boys; Mage = 6.65 ± 0.98) from three public elementary schools in the southwestern United States who were assigned to the intervention group (FMS-based afterschool program; n = 20) or the control group (traditional afterschool program; n = 11). A 2 × 2 repeated measures MANOVA showed significant changes in FMS competence and MVPA between the intervention and the control group over time. However, no significant changes were found in cognitive functioning. The 8-week FMS-based afterschool program showed significant improvements in FMS competence and MVPA, compared to a traditional afterschool program. This finding suggests that structured FMS-focused strategies (e.g., fun games and goal setting) can be a critical component when implementing a physical activity program to enhance children’s motor skills and physical activity behavior.

scholarly journals End-stage knee osteoarthritis with and without sarcopenia and the effect of knee arthroplasty – a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Ki-Wai Ho ◽  
Lawrence Chun-Man Lau ◽  
Wai Wang Chau ◽  
Queena Poon ◽  
Kwong-Yin Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background: Sarcopenia often accompanies osteoarthritis (OA), which is managed by total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the late stage. Recent studies have suggested a higher risk of post-operative complications after TKA in sarcopenic OA subjects, but whether TKA can benefit them similar to non-sarcopenic subjects remains unexplored. This study aimed to examine the dynamic, mutual impact of sarcopenia and TKA in a one-year post-operative period.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted between 2015 to 2018 at our hospital. Patients with end-stage OA of the knee waiting for TKA were recruited into the study. Primary outcome measures were change in muscle strength, mass and function. Secondary outcome measures were quality of life (QOL) measurements for pain, psychological and physical health.Results: Fifty-eight patients were recruited, of which 79.3% were female and 32.8% already had sarcopenia at baseline. The average age of sarcopenic subjects and non-sarcopenic subjects was comparable (67.89±7.07 vs. 67.92±6.85; p=0.99), but sarcopenic subjects had a lower body mass index (BMI) (25.64±2.64 vs. 28.57±4.04; p=0.01). There was a statistically significant improvement in walking speed (10.24±5.35 vs. 7.69±2.68, p<0.01) and muscle strength in both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients after TKA. This was accompanied by an improvement trend in muscle mass in all subjects. There was no change in handgrip power before and after TKA and subsequent follow-up (19.31±5.92 vs. 18.98±6.37 vs. 19.36±7.66; p=0.97). QOL measured before, after and at follow-up with WOMAC (total: 42.27±15.98 vs. 20.65±15.24 vs. 16.65±18.13) and SF12v2 (PCS: 33.06±8.55 vs. 38.96±8.01 vs. 40.67±7.93) revealed progressive significant improvement (both comparisons p≤0.01). Further analysis with the IPAQ also found increased engagement of high-intensity activities.Conclusions: This study showed that sarcopenia among patients with end-stage OA of the knee is not uncommon, but both sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic OA patients achieved significant clinical and functional improvement after TKA. Further studies with a larger sample size and different ethnicities could help ascertain a beneficial role of TKA in sarcopenic OA subjects.

scholarly journals Electronic Health Physical Activity Behavior Change Intervention to Self-Manage Cardiovascular Disease: Qualitative Exploration of Patient and Health Professional Requirements (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre MJ Walsh ◽  
Kieran Moran ◽  
Véronique Cornelissen ◽  
Roselien Buys ◽  
Nils Cornelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Key Stakeholders

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of premature death worldwide. International guidelines recommend routine delivery of all phases of cardiac rehabilitation. Uptake of traditional cardiac rehabilitation remains suboptimal, as attendance at formal hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation programs is low, with community-based cardiac rehabilitation rates and individual long-term exercise maintenance even lower. Home-based cardiac rehabilitation programs have been shown to be equally effective in clinical and health-related quality of life outcomes and yet are not readily available. OBJECTIVE Given the potential that home-based cardiac rehabilitation programs have, it is important to explore how to appropriately design any such intervention in conjunction with key stakeholders. The aim of this study was to engage with individuals with cardiovascular disease and other professionals within the health ecosystem to (1) understand the personal, social, and physical factors that inhibit or promote their capacity to engage with physical activity and (2) explore their technology competencies, needs, and wants in relation to an eHealth intervention. METHODS Fifty-four semistructured interviews were conducted across two countries. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Barriers to the implementation of PATHway were also explored specifically in relation to physical capability and safety as well as technology readiness and further mapped onto the COM-B model for future intervention design. RESULTS Key recommendations included collection of patient data and use of measurements, harnessing hospital based social connections, and advice to utilize a patient-centered approach with personalization and tailoring to facilitate optimal engagement. CONCLUSIONS In summary, a multifaceted, personalizable intervention with an inclusively designed interface was deemed desirable for use among cardiovascular disease patients both by end users and key stakeholders. In-depth understanding of core needs of the population can aid intervention development and acceptability.

scholarly journals Home-based rehabilitation programme compared with traditional physiotherapy for patients at risk of poor outcome after knee arthroplasty: the CORKA randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e052598
Author(s):  
Karen L Barker ◽  
Jonathan Room ◽  
Ruth Knight ◽  
Susan Dutton ◽  
Francine Toye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo evaluate whether a home-based rehabilitation programme for people assessed as being at risk of a poor outcome after knee arthroplasty offers superior outcomes to traditional outpatient physiotherapy.DesignA prospective, single-blind, two-arm randomised controlled superiority trial.Setting14 National Health Service physiotherapy departments in the UK.Participants621 participants identified at high risk of a poor outcome after knee arthroplasty using a bespoke screening tool.InterventionsA multicomponent home-based rehabilitation programme delivered by rehabilitation assistants with supervision from qualified therapists versus usual care outpatient physiotherapy.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were the Oxford Knee Score (a disease-specific measure of function), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Quality of Life subscale, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, 5 dimension, 5 level version of Euroqol (EQ-5D-5L) and physical function assessed using the Figure of 8 Walk test, 30 s Chair Stand Test and Single Leg Stance.Results621 participants were randomised between March 2015 and January 2018. 309 were assigned to CORKA (Community Rehabilitation after Knee Arthroplasty) home-based rehabilitation, receiving a median five treatment sessions (IQR 4–7). 312 were assigned to usual care, receiving a median 4 sessions (IQR 2–6). The primary outcome, LLFDI function total score at 12 months, was collected for 279 participants (89%) in the home-based CORKA group and 287 participants (92%) in the usual care group. No clinically or statistically significant difference was found between the groups (intention-to-treat adjusted difference=0.49 points; 95% CI −0.89 to 1.88; p=0.48). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on any of the patient-reported or physical secondary outcome measures at 6 or 12 months.There were 18 participants in the intervention group reporting a serious adverse event (5.8%), only one directly related to the intervention, all other adverse events recorded throughout the trial related to underlying chronic medical conditions.ConclusionsThe CORKA intervention was not superior to usual care. The trial detected no significant differences, clinical or statistical, between the two groups on either primary or secondary outcomes. CORKA offers an evaluation of an intervention utilising a different service delivery model for this patient group.Trial registration numberISRCTN13517704.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Maintenance Following Home-Based, Individually Tailored Print Interventions for African American Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dori Pekmezi ◽  
Cole Ainsworth ◽  
Renee Desmond ◽  
Maria Pisu ◽  
Victoria Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Deep South ◽  
American Women ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Home Based

African American women report low participation in physical activity and are disproportionately burdened by related conditions (obesity, breast, and colon cancer). Physical activity interventions have shown promising results among African American women, but most studies in this area have focused on short-term increases. More enduring changes in health behavior will be needed to eliminate existing health disparities. Thus, the current study examined 12-month physical activity and psychosocial outcomes from a pilot randomized controlled trial ( N = 84) of a Home-based Individually tailored Physical activity Print (HIPP) intervention for African American women in the Deep South. Retention was 77.4% at 12 months. HIPP participants increased self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from 35.1 minutes/week (standard deviation [SD] = 47.8) at baseline to 124 minutes/week ( SD = 95.5) at 12 months, compared with the wellness contact control participants who reported increases from 48.2 minutes/week ( SD = 51.3) to 102.5 minutes/week ( SD = 94.5) over 12 months (between-group p > .05). Results indicate that modest improvements in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and related psychosocial variables occurred during the active intervention phase (months 0-6) and were sustained during the tapered maintenance period (months 6-12). Low-cost, high-reach, home-based strategies have great potential for supporting sustained participation in physical activity and achieving long-term health benefits among African American women in the Deep South.

scholarly journals Associations of Physical Function and Physical Activity With COVID-19-Like Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 543-544
Author(s):  
Marguerita Saadeh ◽  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga ◽  
Davide Vetrano ◽  
Philip von Rosen ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Headache Pain

Abstract Physical function and physical activity have been associated with health outcomes related to the cardiopulmonary and immune systems, but the extent to which they are related to the risk of developing COVID-19-like symptoms remains unclear. We aimed to explore these associations among Swedish older adults. We analyzed data from 904 individuals aged ≥68 years from the population-based Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. COVID-19-like symptoms were assessed by phone interview (March-June 2020) and included fever, cough, sore throat and/or a cold, headache, pain in muscles, legs and joints, loss of taste and/or odour, breathing difficulties, chest pain, gastrointestinal symptoms and eye inflammation. Muscle strength, mobility, and physical activity were objectively examined in 2016-2018. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and stratifying by age. During the first outbreak of the pandemic, 325 (36%) individuals from our sample developed COVID-19-like symptoms. Those with longer time to perform the chair stand test had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.1) for presenting with COVID-19-like symptoms compared to those with a faster time to perform the test, after adjusting for potential confounders. The risk was even higher among people aged ≥80 years (OR: 2.6; 95% CI 1.5-4.7). No significant associations were found for walking speed or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A weaker muscle strength, especially among the oldest-old adults, may contribute to higher odds of developing COVID-19-like symptoms, emphasizing the need to maintain sufficient levels of muscle strength in old age.

scholarly journals Perceived Facilitators and Barriers in Response to a Walking Intervention in Rural Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Exploration

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Frensham ◽  
Gaynor Parfitt ◽  
Rebecca Stanley ◽  
James Dollman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Walking Intervention

Physical activity has numerous associated benefits for cancer survivors. Compared to their urban counterparts, rural and remote Australians experience a health disadvantage, including poorer survival rate after the diagnosis of cancer. The purpose of this qualitative study was to (a) investigate factors that motivated or inhibited walking in rural participants during a 12-week intervention and (b) to investigate factors that motivated or inhibited physical activity behavior change three months post-intervention. Ten cancer survivors living in rural areas of South Australia participated in a 12-week computer-delivered walking-based intervention during which they reported daily steps, daily affect, and ratings of perceived exertion. Based on this information, individualized daily step goals were sent to them to increase walking. Following the intervention, participants engaged in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using thematic analysis. Participants identified a range of physical, psychological, social, environmental, and organizational motivators and barriers. Participants appreciated the monitoring and support from the research team, but some voiced a need for better transition to post-program and many desired ongoing support to maintain their motivation. Future studies should incorporate strategies to help walking behavior to become more intrinsically motivated and therefore sustained.

scholarly journals 2269 Day-to-day association between alcohol use and physical activity in university students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Scott Graupensperger ◽  
Michael B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Behavior Change ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The goal of the present study was to advance our understanding of how alcohol use may contribute to physical inactivity among university students by investigating this association at a day-to-day level. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 57 university students (Mage=20.27; 54% male) completed daily diary questionnaires using a cellphone application, which prompted them each evening to report minutes of moderate/vigorous physical activity engaged in, and number of alcoholic drinks consumed, as well as intended minutes of physical activity for the following day. Longitudinal mixed-level modeling was used to disentangle within person and between-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity behavior and intentions. Separate models were run to investigate lagged effects of previous day alcohol use. We controlled for sex and age in all models. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results indicated that participants’ usual alcohol use (between-person) was not associated with physical activity behavior or intentions. At the within-person level, day-to-day variance in alcohol use was negatively associated with both physical activity behavior (γ=−0.34, p=0.003) and intentions to engage in physical activity the following day (γ=−0.70, p<0.001). The lagged model indicated that previous day alcohol use negatively predicted PA behavior (γ=−0.33, p=0.004). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Previous studies have largely been constrained to cross-sectional designs, and have surmised that there exists a positive association between alcohol use and physical activity due to trait-level differences between university students. We advance this literature by using ecological momentary assessment to investigate the within-person effects of alcohol use on physical activity at a day-to-day level while controlling for between-person variance. Contrary to existing literature, we found that on days when students consumed relatively more alcohol than they typically report, they: (a) report fewer minutes of physical activity on the same day, (b) plan to engage in relatively less physical activity on the subsequent day, and (c) engage in less physical activity on the subsequent day. By advancing our understanding of how alcohol use may curtail other health behaviors such as physical activity, we inform interventions that aim to target these behaviors in conjunction, or as part of a multiple behavior change intervention.

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