scholarly journals AB0081 THE ROLE OF LOCAL BISPHOSPHONATES IN THE PRESERVATION OF THE BMD IN THE ZONE OF SURGICAL BONE DEFECT (ANIMAL STUDIES)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1340.1-1341
Author(s):  
A. Torgashin ◽  
S. Rodionova ◽  
A. Torgashina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Biocomposite Material ◽  
Intervention Zone

Background:One of the reasons for failures in Arthroplasty is the preservation in the postoperative period in the bone adjacent to the implant of the prevalence of resorption over bone formation. The possibility of inhibition of resorption by bisphosphonates, including their local use in the composition of the biocomposite material, aggravates the situation due to the simultaneous oppression of bone formation. A low level of remodeling in these cases leads to a further loss of bone mass in the intervention zone.Objectives:To evaluate in the experiment the effect of bisphosphonates in the biocomposite material on the bone mass both in the surgical intervention zone and in the segment as a whole.Methods:The study was conducted as a comparison with the control. 60 females of white non-linear rats, body weight 130-150 g. were divided into 6 groups. In 3 groups, the defect of the tibia was filled with a biocomposite material in the form of a gel (patent No. 2325170) connected to various bisphosphonates Ibandronic acid (Bonviva), zoledronic acid (Aklasta), alendronate sodium (Fosamax) was used in conjunction with a non-demineralized lyophilized bone implant. Groups, the defect was filled with a non-demineralized lyophilized bone implant with biocomposite material without bisphosphonate, in the second control group, non-demineralized lyophils th e bone implants without biocomposite matreiala in tretey- defect is not filled.Assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) in the intervention area and in the segment as a whole was performed using X-ray densitometry (Hologic, Small Animals Program Performing and Analyzing Small Animal Studies). Results Comparison (simple dispersion analysis) of the MIC of all groups using bisphosphonates on the one hand, with the MIC of all control groups on the other hand, revealed significant differences (p <0.002).Results:The analysis, using the paired t-test, the average MIC values in the combined group using bisphosphonates and the pooled control group, confirmed that the BMD in the zone of intervention in the bisphosphonate group was significantly higher than in the control: 0.320 ± 0.008 g / cm2, respectively, versus 0.285 ± 0.019 g / cm2 (p = 0.002). If the group was excluded from the analysis, where the defect was not filled, the tendency to differences remained: 0.320 ± 0.008 g / cm2 vs. 0.308 ± 0.002 g / cm2 (p = 0.11).Mean BMDs of the whole segment with the use of bisphosphonates also proved to be significantly higher than in the control, both with the inclusion in the analysis of the group without replacement of the defect, and with its exception. Thus, when all control groups were included in the analysis, the mean MIC values in the group with bisphosphonates were 0.30 ± 0.01 g / cm2 vs. 0.272 ± 0.12 g / cm2 (p <0.001). When excluding from the analysis of the group without replacement of the defect, the MIC values were respectively: 0.307 ± 0.01 g / cm2 versus 0.285 ± 0.01 g / cm2 (p = 0.01).Conclusion:Relative to the control, an increase in BMD in the group using bisphosphonates excludes the possibility of their negative impact on the process of bone formation. The marked positive bone balance confirms the ability of bisphosphonates to maintain the remodeling mechanism at the physiological level.References:Local application of bisphosphonates, osteoplastic materials, biocomposite material, bone implant reconstruction, bone formation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Teriparatide: Its Use in the Treatment of Osteoporosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. CMT.S2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Inderjeeth ◽  
Kien Chan ◽  
Paul Glendenning
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Teriparatide Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk

The prevalence of osteoporosis is likely to rise with the increase in life expectancy of an ageing population. Current first line therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis are predominantly anti-resorptive. Teriparatide is a first in class, anabolic agent with a unique mechanism that results in increased bone formation. Daily subcutaneous injection for 6–24 months was effective in reducing vertebral and non-vertebral fracture rates, in improving bone mineral density (BMD) and in increasing bone formation rates in postmenopausal osteoporosis, with effects persisting following treatment cessation. Similar benefits on bone mass and bone formation were seen in men with osteoporosis and glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. Beneficial effects on bone mass have been demonstrated in treatment naive subjects treated with teriparatide alone, sequentially with anti-resorptive therapy and concomitantly with some, but not all, anti-resorptive treatments due to an early blunting of the anabolic effect. Teriparatide is generally well tolerated. However, the high treatment cost and inconvenient mode of administration has limited it's use to patients with osteoporosis who have experienced an unsatisfactory response, who are intolerant to other osteoporosis therapies, or to patients at very high risk of fracture. Teriparatide treatment is currently restricted to a total lifetime treatment dose of 18 months of daily subcutaneous therapy due to concerns from animal studies suggesting an increased risk of osteosarcoma. More safety data may permit a longer duration of treatment in the future but will necessitate prolonged human studies. Teriparatide may serve a more prominent role in the treatment of older patients who continue to fracture despite low bone turnover or sustain side effects with anti-resorptive therapy.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bone Mineral Density/Content of Paratroopers and Hoopsters

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yixue Luo ◽  
Chenyu Luo ◽  
Yuhui Cai ◽  
Tianyun Jiang ◽  
Tianhong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
And Control

The different mechanical stimulus affects the bone mass and bone strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of landing posture of the hoopster and paratrooper on the bone mass. In this study, 39 male participants were recruited including 13 paratroopers, 13 hoopsters, and 13 common students (control groups). Bone area (BA), BMD and BMC of calcaneus, and 1–5th of the metatarsus, hip, and lumbar spine (L1–L4) were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Also, the vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) of hoopsters and paratroopers were measured by the landing of 1.2 m 3D force platform. BA of hoopsters at the calcaneus, lumbar spine, and hip were significantly higher than the control group. The lumbar spine, hip, calcaneus, the 1st and 2nd metatarsals, BMC of paratroopers, and control groups were significantly lower than hoopsters. BMD of the lumbar spine, hip, and right and left femoral necks in hoopsters were significantly higher than the other participants. BMC and BMD of lower limber showed no significant difference between paratroopers and the control group. Besides, peak GRFs of paratroopers (11.06 times of BW) were significantly higher than hoopsters (6.49 times of BW). The higher GRF in the landing train is not always in accordance with higher BMD and BMC. Variable loads in hoopsters can improve bone remodeling and play an important role in bone expansions for trabecular bones. This will be considered by the method of training to prevent bone loss.

scholarly journals Osteopontin Deficiency Induces Parathyroid Hormone Enhancement of Cortical Bone Formation

Endocrinology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 2132-2140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Kitahara ◽  
Muneaki Ishijima ◽  
Susan R. Rittling ◽  
Kunikazu Tsuji ◽  
Hisashi Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cortical Bone Mass ◽  
Intermittent Pth

Intermittent PTH treatment increases cancellous bone mass in osteoporosis patients; however, it reveals diverse effects on cortical bone mass. Underlying molecular mechanisms for anabolic PTH actions are largely unknown. Because PTH regulates expression of osteopontin (OPN) in osteoblasts, OPN could be one of the targets of PTH in bone. Therefore, we examined the role of OPN in the PTH actions in bone. Intermittent PTH treatment neither altered whole long-bone bone mineral density nor changed cortical bone mass in wild-type 129 mice, although it enhanced cancellous bone volume as reported previously. In contrast, OPN deficiency induced PTH enhancement of whole-bone bone mineral density as well as cortical bone mass. Strikingly, although PTH suppressed periosteal bone formation rate (BFR) and mineral apposition rate (MAR) in cortical bone in wild type, OPN deficiency induced PTH activation of periosteal BFR and MAR. In cancellous bone, OPN deficiency further enhanced PTH increase in BFR and MAR. Analysis on the cellular bases for these phenomena indicated that OPN deficiency augmented PTH enhancement in the increase in mineralized nodule formation in vitro. OPN deficiency did not alter the levels of PTH enhancement of the excretion of deoxypyridinoline in urine, the osteoclast number in vivo, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cell development in vitro. These observations indicated that OPN deficiency specifically induces PTH activation of periosteal bone formation in the cortical bone envelope.

scholarly journals Evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and indicators of bone turnover in patients with hemophilia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Dagli ◽  
Ali Kutlucan ◽  
Sedat Abusoglu ◽  
Abdulkadir Basturk ◽  
Mehmet Sozen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

A decrease in bone mass is observed in hemophilic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (vitamin D), and a bone formation and resorption marker, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and urinary N-terminal telopeptide (uNTX) respectively, in hemophilic patients and healthy controls. Laboratory parameters related to the pathogenesis of bone loss such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also evaluated. Thirty-five men over 18 years of age, with severe hemophilia (A and B) and receiving secondary prophylaxis, were included in the study. The same number of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal parameters were determined in both groups. No significant difference in anthropometric parameters was found between the two groups. The BMD was low in 34% of hemophilic patients. Vitamin D, calcium, and free testosterone levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, respectively), while PTH, PINP, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels were significantly higher (p < 0.014, p = 0.043, p < 0.001, respectively), in hemophilic patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference between the two groups in NLR, PLR, phosphorus, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and uNTX level. The reduction of bone mass in hemophilic patients may be evaluated using the markers of bone formation and resorption, enabling early detection and timely treatment.

scholarly journals The evaluation of mandibular bone density in chronic periodontitis models

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Yuliana Mahdiyah Da’at Arina ◽  
F. Ferdiansyah ◽  
Mohamad Rubianto
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Members

Background: Bone density, an important factor in functional bone quality, can affect the success of implant osteointegration or orthodontic treatment. A number of studies report that chonic periodontitis constitutes one risk factor of osteoporosis characterized by low bone mineral density and that the mandible is susceptible to osteoporosis. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mandibular bone density in animal subjects suffering from chronic periodontitis. Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were divided into four chronic periodontitis groups and four control groups (each group n=5). As chronic periodontitis models, the subjects were injected with 2×109 CFU/ml of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the sulcular gingiva, whereas control group members were injected with normal saline. After 2, 3, 4 and 6-week injection periods, the subjects were sacrificed and radiographic examination of the mandibular bone subsequently performed. Mandibular bone density was evaluated by histometric analysis. Results: The mandibular bone density in members of the chronic periodontitis group was significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). The reduced mandibular bone density in the chronic periodontitis group was in line with the protracted bouts of periodontitis. Conclusion: Reduced mandibular bone density was found in the chronic periodontitis model. The longer the duration of a bout of chronic periodontitis, the greater the reduction in mandibular bone density.

scholarly journals Porcupine inhibitors impair trabecular and cortical bone mass and strength in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Funck-Brentano ◽  
Karin H Nilsson ◽  
Robert Brommage ◽  
Petra Henning ◽  
Ulf H Lerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Mineral Density

WNT signaling is involved in the tumorigenesis of various cancers and regulates bone homeostasis. Palmitoleoylation of WNTs by Porcupine is required for WNT activity. Porcupine inhibitors are under development for cancer therapy. As the possible side effects of Porcupine inhibitors on bone health are unknown, we determined their effects on bone mass and strength. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6N female mice were treated by the Porcupine inhibitors LGK974 (low dose = 3 mg/kg/day; high dose = 6 mg/kg/day) or Wnt-C59 (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 3 weeks. Bone parameters were assessed by serum biomarkers, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, µCT and histomorphometry. Bone strength was measured by the 3-point bending test. The Porcupine inhibitors were well tolerated demonstrated by normal body weight. Both doses of LGK974 and Wnt-C59 reduced total body bone mineral density compared with vehicle treatment (P < 0.001). Cortical thickness of the femur shaft (P < 0.001) and trabecular bone volume fraction in the vertebral body (P < 0.001) were reduced by treatment with LGK974 or Wnt-C59. Porcupine inhibition reduced bone strength in the tibia (P < 0.05). The cortical bone loss was the result of impaired periosteal bone formation and increased endocortical bone resorption and the trabecular bone loss was caused by reduced trabecular bone formation and increased bone resorption. Porcupine inhibitors exert deleterious effects on bone mass and strength caused by a combination of reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption. We suggest that cancer targeted therapies using Porcupine inhibitors may increase the risk of fractures.

High bone mass gained by exercise in growing male mice is increased by subsequent reduced exercise

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 806-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wu ◽  
Xin Xiang Wang ◽  
Mitsuru Higuchi ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Yoshiko Ishimi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Mineral Apposition Rate ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Bone Mass ◽  
High Bone

Exercise-induced bone gains are lost if exercise ceases. Therefore, continued exercise at a reduced frequency or intensity may be required to maintain these benefits. In this study, we evaluated whether 4 wk of reduced exercise after 4 wk of running exercise in growing male mice results in the maintenance of high bone mass. Five-week-old mice were divided into the following groups: 1) baseline control; 2) 4-wk control; 3) 4-wk exercise; 4) 8-wk control; 5) 4-wk exercise followed by 4-wk cessation of training; and 6) 4-wk exercise followed by reduced exercise at half the frequency. The regimen consisted of exercise 6 days/wk, and the reduced exercise regimen consisted of running 3 days/wk on a treadmill for 30 min/day, at 12 m/min on a 10° uphill slope. Running exercise significantly increased bone mineral density of the femur, periosteal mineral apposition rate, bone formation rate, percent labeled perimeter at the midfemur, and osteogenic activity of bone marrow cells. However, these parameters declined to the age-matched sedentary control after cessation of training. In contrast, the reduced exercise group had significantly higher mineral apposition rate compared with those of the sedentary control and cessation of training groups. Furthermore, bone mineral density for the reduced exercise group was significantly higher than those for the other groups. These results suggest that the high bone formation gained through exercise can be maintained, and bone mass was further increased by subsequent exercise even if the exercise frequency is reduced.

scholarly journals Effects of fructans-containing yacon (Smallanthus sonchifoliusPoepp & Endl.) flour on caecum mucosal morphometry, calcium and magnesium balance, and bone calcium retention in growing rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre R. Lobo ◽  
Célia Colli ◽  
Eliana P. Alvares ◽  
Tullia M. C. C. Filisetti
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mineral Absorption ◽  
Positive Effects

Yacon roots have been considered a functional food due to the high levels of fructans they contains. In the present study, Ca and Mg balance, bone mass and strength, and caecum mucosal morphometry were evaluated. Growing male Wistar rats (n24) were fedad libitumcontrol diets or diets supplemented with yacon flour (5 or 7·5 % fructooligosaccharides) for 27 d. Mineral balance was evaluated in three periods of 5 d (starting on the 4th, 10th and 16th days). After the rats were killled, the bones were removed and bone mineral density was measured. Ca analyses were performed on left femurs and tibias and biomechanical testing on right femurs. The caecum was removed and tissue samples were collected for histological analysis. Caecal histology changed noticeably in rats fed yacon flour: there was an increase in the depth and number of total and bifurcated crypts as well. Yacon flour consumption significantly (P < 0·05) resulted in a positive Ca and Mg balance, leading to higher values of bone mineral retention and biomechanical properties (peak load and stiffness) when compared to the control group. The positive effects on mineral intestinal absorption, bone mass and biomechanical properties showed an important role of yacon roots in the maintenance of healthy bones. The increased number of bifurcating crypts might be related to the higher mineral absorption caused by the enlargement of the absorbing surface in the large intestine of the animals.

scholarly journals Serum sclerostin levels in men with idiopathic osteoporosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Lapauw ◽  
S Vandewalle ◽  
Y Taes ◽  
S Goemaere ◽  
H Zmierczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Idiopathic Osteoporosis

ObjectiveSclerostin inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. If aberrant sclerostin action is involved in less efficient bone acquisition in men with idiopathic low bone mass, this might be reflected in higher serum sclerostin levels.MethodsIn 116 men with idiopathic osteoporosis (≤65 years old), 40 of their sons and healthy controls, areal bone parameters were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and volumetric and geometric bone parameters were measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Serum analytes were measured using immunoassays and estradiol (E2) levels using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsMen with idiopathic low bone mass had lower levels of sclerostin than the controls (0.54±0.17 vs 0.66±0.23 ng/ml;P<0.001). In both groups, sclerostin levels were strongly associated with age; when adjusting for age, no associations with anthropometrics were observed (P>0.14). In multivariate analyses, sclerostin levels displayed a positive association with whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) and areal BMD (aBMD), as well as with trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at the tibia in the probands. No clear associations were observed in the control group, neither were sclerostin levels associated with BMC at the radius or lumbar spine (allP>0.11). Testosterone, but not E2, was inversely related to sclerostin levels in the probands. No difference in sclerostin levels was found in their sons when compared with their controls.ConclusionLower rather than higher serum sclerostin levels in the probands with idiopathic low bone mass suggest that aberrant sclerostin secretion is not involved in the pathogenesis of low bone mass in these subjects.

scholarly journals Is bone health of young atopic dermatitis patients a significant healthcare problem?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyoung Kim ◽  
Jimi Choi ◽  
Moon Kyun Cho ◽  
Nam Hoon Kim ◽  
Sin Gon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) incidence has increased over the past decades, especially among young adults. However, their bone health has not been clearly elucidated with discordant results. Objective We aimed to investigate the bone mineral density (BMD) measured by double energy X-ray absorptiometry and Z-score at the lumbar spine, femur neck, and total femur to evaluate the risk of osteoporosis in men aged <50 years and premenopausal women with AD.Methods The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2009 data were used in this case-control cohort study. We included young AD patients (aged 19≤ and <50 years) diagnosed by a doctor and compared these patients with 1:5 propensity score weighting controls by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D level, and alcohol/smoking status. Results We analyzed 311 (weighted n=817,014) AD patients and 1,555 (weighted n=4,155,855) controls. BMD at the lumbar spine was significantly lower in the male AD group than in the male control group (mean ± SE, 0.989 ± 0.002 vs. 0.954 ± 0.016, P = 0.03) while BMDs at the femur neck and total femur were comparable. For women, BMDs at the three sites were not significantly different between the AD and control groups. Low bone mass (defined by a Z-score of ≤2.0) was not significantly different between the AD and control groups in both sexes. Conclusions Bone health, especially BMD and Z-score, in young AD patients were comparable with those without AD. AD was not a risk factor for low BMD.

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