scholarly journals Studying Impact of Nutrition on Growth (SING): a prospective cohort for comparing the health outcomes of young children with the dietary quality score

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e018380
Author(s):  
Albert Lee ◽  
Calvin Ka-man Cheung ◽  
Kenneth Lo ◽  
Vera Mei-wan Keung ◽  
Lancelot Wai-ho Mui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Prospective Association

IntroductionThis study aims to explore the prospective association between the dietary quality (DQ) of preschoolers and their health status in Hong Kong, with the body mass index as the main outcome variable.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study has recruited 3539 children aged between 2 and 4 years old, with a follow-up period of 4 years. Their diet was reported by their parents by a 3-day food diary, and their body weight and height were measured yearly with standardised instruments. Questionnaires were administered to parents to acquire information of the children’s prenatal development and dietary intake before their age of 2 years and of their baseline lifestyle and family backgrounds. The DQ was measured by the Healthy Eating Index as a continuous scale, while the exposure was defined as having a higher dietary quality score. Data were analysed using SPSS V.24. Linear and logistic regressions were used to examine the association of those predictive factors to the outcomes. Generalised estimating equations will be used to examine the longitudinal changes of the outcomes. A pilot study has been conducted, the preliminary results from which are presented in this cohort profile.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Joint Chinese University of Hong Kong and New Territory East Cluster Clinical Research Ethics Committee (CREC Ref No: 2013–632). Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The results will be published in due course.

scholarly journals Diet quality, change in diet quality and risk of incident CVD and diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Lyn M Steffen ◽  
Elizabeth Selvin ◽  
Casey M Rebholz
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Diet Score

AbstractObjective:The objective of this study was to assess the prospective association between diet quality, as well as a 6-year change in diet quality, and risk of incident CVD and diabetes in a community-based population.Design:We used Cox regression models to estimate the prospective association between diet quality, assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and the Alternative HEI (AHEI)-2010 scores, as well as change in diet quality, and incident CVD and diabetes.Setting:The ARIC Study recruited 15 792 black and white men and women (45–64 years) from four US communities.Participants:We included 10 808 study participants who reported usual dietary intake via FFQ at visit 1 (1987–1989) and who had not developed CVD, diabetes, or cancer at baseline.Results:Overall, 3070 participants developed CVD (median follow-up of 26 years) and 3452 developed diabetes (median follow-up of 22 years) after visit 1. Higher diet score at the initial visit was associated with a significantly lower risk of CVD (HR per 10 % higher HEI-2015 diet quality score: 0·90 (95 % CI: 0·86, 0·95) and HR per 10 % higher AHEI-2010 diet quality score: 0·96 (95 % CI: 0·93, 0·99)). We did not observe a significant association between initial diet score and incident diabetes. There were no significant associations between change in diet score and CVD or diabetes risk in the overall study population.Conclusions:Higher diet quality assessed using HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 was strongly associated with lower CVD risk but not diabetes risk within a middle-aged, community-based US population.

scholarly journals Diet cost, diet quality and socio-economic position: how are they related and what contributes to differences in diet costs?

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1680-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra J Rydén ◽  
Linda Hagfors
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Diet Cost ◽  
Economic Position

AbstractObjectiveTo examine diet costs in relation to dietary quality and socio-economic position, and to investigate underlying reasons for differences in diet costs.DesignDietary intake was assessed by a 4 d food diary and evaluated using the 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI). National consumer food prices collected by Statistics Sweden and from two online stores/supermarkets were used to estimate diet costs.SettingSweden.SubjectsA nationally representative sample of 2160 children aged 4, 8 or 11 years.ResultsHigher scores on the HEI resulted in higher diet costs and, conversely, higher diet costs were linked to increased total HEI scores. Children who consumed the most healthy and/or expensive diets ate a more energy-dilute and varied diet compared with those who ate the least healthy and/or least expensive diets. They also consumed more fish, ready meals and fruit. Regression analysis also linked increased food costs to these food groups. There was a positive, but weak, relationship between HEI score and diet cost, parental education and parental occupation respectively.ConclusionsHealthy eating is associated with higher diet cost in Swedish children, in part because of price differences between healthy and less-healthy foods. The cheapest and most unhealthy diets were found among those children whose parents were the least educated and had manual, low-skill occupations. Our results pose several challenges for public health policy makers, as well as for nutrition professionals, when forming dietary strategies and providing advice for macro- and microlevels in society.

scholarly journals Long-Term Variability in Body Weight in Relation to the Risk of Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Tianjing Zhou ◽  
Yuan Ma ◽  
Changzheng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The prospective association of body weight variability with dementia remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether long-term variability in body weight is associated with the risk of late-life dementia and to explore their potential temporal relationship using data from a nationwide prospective cohort study of the United States. A total of 5,556 participants free of dementia in 2008 (55.66% women; mean [SD] age, 71.1 [3.1] years) were followed up to 8 years for doctor-diagnosed dementia reported biennially. Body weight variability was assessed as the coefficient of variation utilizing the body weight information collected over 16 years before 2008. Cox proportion hazard model was applied to estimate hazard ratio (HR) of dementia associated with body weight variability. Higher body weight variability was associated with an increased incidence of dementia after controlling for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, mean body weight, and body weight change. The multi-variable adjusted HR of dementia of the highest quartile of body weight variability was 2.01 (95% CI 1.01-1.87) compared with the lowest. Every 1% increment in variability was associated with a 6.2% higher risk of dementia (HR=1.06, 95%CI 1.04,1.09, p-trend<0.001). Such association was observed for both Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia, with stronger association observed when body weight variability was assessed closer to dementia assessment.

Are neighborhood restaurants related to frequency of restaurant meals and dietary quality?: Prevalence and changes over time in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Amy H. Auchincloss ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Kari A. B. Moore ◽  
Manuel Franco ◽  
Mahasin S. Mujahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Eating Out ◽  
Restaurant Meals ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objective: To examine whether the density of neighbourhood restaurants affected the frequency of eating restaurant meals and subsequently affected diet quality. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Structural equation models assessed the indirect relationship between restaurant density (≤3 miles (4.8 km) of participant addresses) and dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI)) via the frequency of eating restaurant meals, after adjustment for sociodemographics, select health conditions, region, residence duration and area-level income. Setting: Urbanised areas in multiple regions of the USA, years 2000–2002 and 2010–2012. Participants: Participants aged 45–84 years were followed for 10 years (n 3567). Results: Median HEI (out of 100) was 59 at baseline and 62 at follow-up. Cross-sectional analysis found residing in areas with a high density of restaurants (highest ranked quartile) was associated with 52% higher odds of frequently eating restaurant meals (≥3 times/week, odds ratio [OR]:1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.98) and 3% higher odds of having lower dietary quality (HEI lowest quartile<54, OR:1.03,CI:1.01-1.06); associations were not sustained in longitudinal analyses. Cross-sectional analysis found 34% higher odds of having lower dietary quality for those who frequently ate at restaurants (OR:1.34,CI:1.12-1.61); and more restaurant meals (over time increase ≥1 times/week) was associated with higher odds of having worse dietary quality at follow-up (OR:1.21,CI:1.00-1.46). Conclusions: Restaurant density was associated with frequently eating out in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses but was associated with the lower dietary quality only in cross-sectional analyses. Frequent restaurant meals were negatively related to dietary quality. Interventions that encourage less frequent eating out may improve population dietary quality.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Dietary Quality in Older Adults: Do Nutrition Assistance Programs Play a Protective Role?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1379-1379
Author(s):  
Nicholas Bishop ◽  
Sarah Ullevig ◽  
Krystle Zuniga ◽  
Kaipeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Supplemental Food ◽  
Nutrition Assistance ◽  
Nutrition Assistance Programs ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives The emergence of food insecurity as a primary nutrition-related health issue among older adults suggests a need to examine how nutritional assistance programs are related to food insecurity and dietary quality in aging populations. This project examines food insecurity and dietary quality in US adults age 65 and older and the impact of nutrition assistance programs. Methods The sample was drawn from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study and 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study and included 3779 respondents representing a population of 37,217,566 adults aged 65 and older. Food insecurity was a binary measure based on the USDA six-item US Adult Food Security Survey Module. Two forms of nutritional assistance included receipt of supplemental food from sources such as food banks and Meals-on-Wheels (1 = yes, 0 = no) and reported receipt of SNAP benefits (1 = yes, 0 = no). Dietary quality was measured using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 based on a food frequency questionnaire. General linear modeling adjusting for covariates and complex sampling design was used to test if nutritional assistance moderated the association between food insecurity and AHEI-2010. Results Around 10% of the sample was food insecure, 14% reported receipt of supplemental food, and 6.4% were SNAP benefit recipients. In covariate-adjusted models, food insecurity and receipt of SNAP benefits were not associated with AHEI-2010, but receipt of supplemental food was (b = −1.39, SE = 0.67, P = 0.038). Receipt of supplemental food moderated the association between AHEI-2010 and food insecurity (P = 0.001). Simple effect estimates suggested that among those not receiving supplemental food, the food insecure had lower AHEI-2010 scores than the food secure (b = −2.15, SE = 0.88, P = 0.014). Among those receiving supplemental food, the food insecure had greater AHEI-2010 scores than the food secure (b = 2.62, SE = 1.25, P = 0.035) and similar AHEI-2010 scores as the food secure not receiving supplemental food. Conclusions Preliminary analysis suggests that receipt of supplemental food appears to be associated with better dietary quality among food-insecure older adults and confirms the importance of food assistance programs in combating the negative effect of food insecurity on dietary quality. Funding Sources This work is supported by the Texas State University Research Enhancement Program.

scholarly journals Prospective association between adherence to dietary recommendations and incident depressive symptoms in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moufidath Adjibade ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Chantal Julia ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
Pilar Galan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractA posteriorihealthier dietary patterns and several nutrients have been associated with lower risks of depression in various studies; however, evidence is lacking with regard to the prospective association between adherence to nutritional recommendations (food-based and nutrient-based recommendations) and incident depression or depressive symptoms. In this study, we investigate such associations in the NutriNet Santé cohort. The study sample included 26 225 participants (aged 18–86 years) who were initially free of depressive symptoms. Adherence to nutritional recommendations was measured by four scores namely modified French Programme National Nutrition Santé-Guideline Score (mPNNS-GS), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake Dietary Score (PANDiet) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), using non-consecutive dietary record data during the first 2 years of follow-up (mean number of recording days=8,sd2). Depressive symptoms were defined by a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score ≥17 for men and ≥23 for women. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios and 95 % CI, modelling the dietary scores as standardised continuous variables and as tertiles. Over a mean follow-up of 6 years, we identified 2166 incident cases of depressive symptoms. All dietary scores with the exception of the AHEI-2010 were significantly inversely associated with incident depressive symptoms. In the fully adjusted model, an increase of 1sdin the mPNNS-GS, PANDiet and DQI-I was, respectively, associated with an 8 % (95 % CI 4, 13), 5 % (95 % CI 1, 9) and 9 % (95 % CI 5, 13) reduction in the risk of depressive symptoms. Overall, these findings suggest that diet in accordance with national or international guidelines could have beneficial effects with regard to mental health.

scholarly journals Children’s Greenness Exposure and IQ-Associated DNA Methylation: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7429
Author(s):  
Kyung-Shin Lee ◽  
Yoon-Jung Choi ◽  
Jin-Woo Cho ◽  
Sung-Ji Moon ◽  
Youn-Hee Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

Epigenetics is known to be involved in regulatory pathways through which greenness exposure influences child development and health. We aimed to investigate the associations between residential surrounding greenness and DNA methylation changes in children, and further assessed the association between DNA methylation and children’s intelligence quotient (IQ) in a prospective cohort study. We identified cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sites (CpGs) associated with cognitive abilities from epigenome- and genome-wide association studies through a systematic literature review for candidate gene analysis. We estimated the residential surrounding greenness at age 2 using a geographic information system. DNA methylation was analyzed from whole blood using the HumanMethylationEPIC array in 59 children at age 2. We analyzed the association between greenness exposure and DNA methylation at age 2 at the selected CpGs using multivariable linear regression. We further investigated the relationship between DNA methylation and children’s IQ. We identified 8743 CpGs associated with cognitive ability based on the literature review. Among these CpGs, we found that 25 CpGs were significantly associated with greenness exposure at age 2, including cg26269038 (Bonferroni-corrected p ≤ 0.05) located in the body of SLC6A3, which encodes a dopamine transporter. DNA methylation at cg26269038 at age 2 was significantly associated with children’s performance IQ at age 6. Exposure to surrounding greenness was associated with cognitive ability-related DNA methylation changes, which was also associated with children’s IQ. Further studies are warranted to clarify the epigenetic pathways linking greenness exposure and neurocognitive function.

Abstract MP42: Adherence To Healthy Dietary Patterns In Pregnancy And Placental Dna Methylation- An Epigenome Wide Association Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuilin Zhang ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Marion Ouidir ◽  
Stefanie Hinkle ◽  
Fasil Ayele
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cpg Sites ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Accumulating evidence support the intergenerational impacts of diet in pregnancy. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. Placental epigenetic mechanisms may be involved although data from human epidemiological studies are sparse. We aimed to investigate associations of dietary quality in pregnancy with epigenome-wide placental DNA methylation in a multiracial pregnancy cohort. Methods: DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation450 Beadchip on placentas obtained at delivery from 301 pregnant women who participated in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton cohort. Dietary information during periconception and early first trimester was collected using food frequency questionnaires, and diet in the second and third trimester was collected using a 24-hour dietary recall during four study visits. Scores for adherence to three healthy dietary patterns, alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), were calculated. For associations of each dietary pattern score with methylation, we conducted analyses using robust linear regression models after the adjustment for age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, race/ethnicity, physical activity, total energy intakes, and population stratification. Genes annotating the top significant CpG sites (false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P<0.05) were queried for enrichment of functional pathways using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis tool. Results: Adherence to aHEI was significantly associated with methylation of 8 CpG sites, with the most significant association manifested in cg16724319- MDH1B (P=1.9x10 -10 ). Adherence to aMED was related to methylation of 14 CpG sites, with the most significant association manifested in cg07835181- CLCN7 (P=1.7x10 -11 ). DASH was significantly related to 33 CpG sites, with the most significant association manifested in cg26292547- REV3L (P=4.4x10 -10 ). Further, genes annotating the significant CpG sites were enriched in pathways related to cardiovascular and nervous system development and function, cancer, organismal injury and abnormalities, and reproductive system diseases. Conclusion: Findings from the epigenome wide study suggest that overall dietary quality in pregnancy is associated with placental DNA methylation changes at different loci potentially related to cardiovascular, neurological, reproductive, and cancer phenotypes.

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