Ionization–radiation physics of laser fusion: the modeler's view

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight Duston
Keyword(s):  
Transport Coefficients ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Radiation Physics ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Radiative Processes ◽  
Laser Plasmas ◽  
Ionization Radiation ◽  
The Many ◽  
Excitation Processes

Of the many physics issues involved in laser fusion, one of the least understood is the role of ionization and radiation in laser-heated plasmas. Ionization and excitation processes are important since they serve as an energy sink, as well as affecting the various transport coefficients. In addition, the radiative processes occurring in the plasma can not only act as a depletion mechanism for the energy but can also redistribute internal plasma energy from the deposition region to other plasma regions inaccessible via other phenomena. This presentation will be from the point of view of the modeler, whose job it is to make sense of the passive-radiative data obtained by the experimentalist as well as to explain the unobservable phenomena taking place via sophisticated computer models of atomic and radiation physics. Three areas will be discussed: (i) an introduction to the numerical modeling of ionization–radiation in laser plasmas, (ii) radiation diagnostics for laser fusion, and (iii) radiation energetics in laser plasmas.

Public Investment Criteria: Benefit-Cost Analysis for Planned Economic Growth by Stephen A. Marglin. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1967. pp.103. 22s. 6d.********** Investments for Capacity Expansion: Size, Location and Time-Phasing edited by Alan S. Manne. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1967. pp.239. 45s.Investments for Capacity Expansion: Size, Location and Time-Phasing edited by Alan S. Manne. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1967. pp.239. 45s.

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-420
Author(s):  
Arthur MacEwan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Capacity Expansion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many ◽  
Benefit Cost

These books are numbers 4 and 5, respectively, in the series "Studies in the Economic Development of India". The two books are interesting complements to one another, both being concerned with the analysis of projects within national plan formulation. However, they treat different sorts of problems and do so on very different levels. Marglin's Public Investment Criteria is a short treatise on the problems of cost-benefit analysis in an Indian type economy, i.e., a mixed economy in which the government accepts a large planning responsibility. The book, which is wholely theoretical, explains the many criteria needed for evaluation of projects. The work is aimed at beginning students and government officials with some training in economics. It is a clear and interesting "introduction to the special branch of economics that concerns itself with systematic analysis of investment alternatives from the point of view of a government".

scholarly journals Grounding semantic transparency in context

Morphology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Varvara ◽  
Gabriella Lapesa ◽  
Sebastian Padó
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Inclusion Measure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe present the results of a large-scale corpus-based comparison of two German event nominalization patterns: deverbal nouns in -ung (e.g., die Evaluierung, ‘the evaluation’) and nominal infinitives (e.g., das Evaluieren, ‘the evaluating’). Among the many available event nominalization patterns for German, we selected these two because they are both highly productive and challenging from the semantic point of view. Both patterns are known to keep a tight relation with the event denoted by the base verb, but with different nuances. Our study targets a better understanding of the differences in their semantic import.The key notion of our comparison is that of semantic transparency, and we propose a usage-based characterization of the relationship between derived nominals and their bases. Using methods from distributional semantics, we bring to bear two concrete measures of transparency which highlight different nuances: the first one, cosine, detects nominalizations which are semantically similar to their bases; the second one, distributional inclusion, detects nominalizations which are used in a subset of the contexts of the base verb. We find that only the inclusion measure helps in characterizing the difference between the two types of nominalizations, in relation with the traditionally considered variable of relative frequency (Hay, 2001). Finally, the distributional analysis allows us to frame our comparison in the broader coordinates of the inflection vs. derivation cline.

Heart failure in an elderly population

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
DN Carmichael ◽  
Michael Lye
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
The Common ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Many ◽  
Neuroendocrine Activation ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Heart failure has been defined in many ways and definitions change over time. The multiplicity of definitions reflect the paucity of our understanding of the primary underlying physiology of heart failure and the many diseases for which heart failure is the common end-point. Fundamentally, heart failure represents a failure of the heart to meet the body’s requirement for blood supply for whatever reason. It is thus a clinical syndrome with characteristic features – not a single disease in its own right. The syndrome includes symptoms and signs of organ underperfusion, fluid retention and neuroendocrine activation. The syndrome arises from a range of possible causes of which ischaemic heart disease is the commonest. From the point of view of a clinician, the underlying pathology will determine treatment options and prognosis. The extensive range of possible aetiologies present a diagnostic challenge both to correctly identify the syndrome amongst all other causes of dyspnoea and to identify the aetiology, allowing optimization of treatment.

THE CRITICALLY ILL CHILD: SICKLE CELL DISEASE CRISES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-635
Author(s):  
Howard A. Pearson ◽  
Louis K. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Heterozygous Form ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Function

This brief review, being limited in scope to the recognition and management of the life-threatening and painful crises in infants and children with sickle-cell disease, has not even touched on the intriguing mystery of the molecular basis for the sickling phenomenon–how one amino-acid substitution (gene controlled) in the beta chain sequence of 146 amino acids can cause such serious disruption in form and function; or how this mutation occurred in the first place and why it has persisted in contrast to the rapid disappearance of many other deleterious mutants. Nor has there been even mention of the many milder symptoms, signs, and complications due to the presence of Hb. S., either in the homozygous (disease-producing) state or heterozygous form when found in combination with other hereditary hemoglobin defects. The accumulated knowledge about this mutant gene, its biochemical effects, and geographic distribution is enormous. From a fundamental scientific standpoint, sickle cell disease is one of the best understood of human afflictions. However, from a practical point of view treatment of the patient himself is often only symptomatic and palliative. Nevertheless, prompt and effective therapy of the myriad manifestations of sickle cell disease can effectively reduce morbidity and mortality. The pediatrician who cares for black children in his practice should be familiar with the cardinal diagnostic and clinical aspects of sickle cell disease and its crises.

THE ROAD AHEAD TO BETTER MEDICAL CARE FOR CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-556
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Road ◽  
Provide Child Care ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
The Many

THE road to better child health has been discussed in relation to the doctor and his training, health services and their distribution. We have dealt with the unavoidable question of costs. Particular attention has been given to some of the advantages and dangers of decentralization of pediatric education and services. Each of the various subjects has been discussed from the point of view of its bearing on the ultimate objective of better health for all children and the steps necessary to attain this goal. Now, we may stand back from the many details of the picture, view the whole objectively and note its most outstanding features. First is the fact that the improvement of child health depends primarily upon better training for all doctors who provide child care, general practitioners as well as specialists. This is the foundation without which the rest of the structure cannot stand. The second dominant fact is the need for extending to outlying and isolated areas the high quality medical care of the medical centers, without at the same time diluting the service or training at the center. The road to better medical care, therefore, begins at the medical center and extends outward through a network of integrated community hospitals and health centers, finally reaching the remote and heretofore isolated areas. Inherent in all medical schools is a unique potential for rendering medical services as well as actually training physicians. The very nature of medical education—whereby doctors in training work under the tutelage of able specialists in the clinic, hospital ward, and out-patient department—provides medical services of high quality to people in the neighboring communities.

Polyculture de tilapia et Clarias en etang dans la commune de Pobè, sud-est du Benin.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochikpa Ondodje
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
National Level ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
The Many ◽  
Modern Breeding

Abstract The SARL "Pobè Fish Farm" located in the South-East of Benin specializes in the production and sale of tilapia and Clarias. The farm has twenty two ponds of 200 m2 (10 m × 20 m) supplied with water by a pipe system from a natural and permanent stream. The water supply is via a concrete channel which did not allow the water to be renewed once the pond is full. Work has been carried out to allow a larger inflow of water and communication between the ponds. The operation of the farm is modeled on the types of agro-fish farms existing in Asia and encountered in Vietnam in particular; it aims to put theoretical knowledge into practice and on the other hand to contribute to the development of a sector still little known in Benin, despite the many hydroagricultural potentials with which this country is endowed. The species bred at national level are rustic and adapted to the environment and whose genetic performance has not been improved. In fact, only modern breeding following very precise technical standards can allow obtaining interesting results from the point of view of agronomic yield and financial profitability. Indeed, these fish from our ponds are very popular with the populations (the average wholesale price is 1000 FCFA/kg) and are already an integral part of eating habits both in rural areas and in cities.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Experiences, E-safety and Sharing with Others: Surfing the Internet and Social Networks and the Correlations Between Experiences, Self-image and Computer Skills Among Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Gila Cohen Zilka
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Many

In light of the many major changes in the lives of children and adolescents due to digital developments, this study sought to examine positive and negative experiences, e-safety and sharing with others while surfing the internet and especially social networks from the point of view of children and adolescents. The study also examined the correlation between these experiences, self-image and computer skills. Participating in this mixed-method study were 373 children and teenagers, who were divided into three age groups. The findings showed a positive correlation between self-image, the level of computer skills and the degree of internet use. The measure of self-esteem was found to correlate positively with the parameters of social networks surfing except for the parameter of negative experiences. Social networks and internet use among 16-18-year-olds was found to be higher than among younger children, with a rise in the number of teenagers’ negative experiences that corresponded to the rise in use. The adolescents also mentioned they had been exposed to violent content at a higher rate than the younger groups.

scholarly journals Critic on Auguste Comte’s Positivism in Sociology (An Islamic Sociology Perspective)

TRANSFORMATIF ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Novita Sari ◽  
Jarman Arroisi
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
Auguste Comte ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
The Many ◽  
Research Types ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Era

The rapid science in the modern era, provides significant changes for humans, both in the fields of economics, politics, culture, environment, society, education, and even religion. The 19th century is a century of science that is growing rapidly, this can be seen from the emergence of various scientists who provide concepts, theories based on philosophy with basic ontology, epistemology, and axiology as a contribution to the development of science. One of them, the scientist known as the father of sociology, was Auguste Comte a scientist from France. Comte is famous for its philosophy of postivism because of the many references by scientists in the contemporary era. This is based on the calculation of the success of designing the social structure of modern humans with three stages of law, but one side of the theory he produced has eliminated the fundamental value in humans, namely eliminating the metaphysical basis. In a three-stage law, more concerned with physical values than metaphysical values, this will result in a society that abandons religion and even eliminates the existence of God. The thoughts produced by Comte are thoughts originating from the west, where the basic West is relativism so if viewed from an Islamic point of view this theory will produce atheists and eliminate the sanctity of religion. In Islam religion and society are inseparable because religion is a guideline that is used as a basis in people's lives based on the values of the Qur'an and Sunnah. Therefore in this paper we will study more deeply the criticisms of Aguste Comte's thinking, using qualitative research types, with descriptive analysis methods and theological philosophical approaches. 

scholarly journals Twitter sentiment analysis of the relocation of Indonesia's capital city

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1620-1630
Author(s):  
Edi Sutoyo ◽  
Ahmad Almaarif
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Evaluation Algorithm ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many

Indonesia has a capital city which is one of the many big cities in the world called Jakarta. Jakarta's role in the dynamics that occur in Indonesia is very central because it functions as a political and government center, and is a business and economic center that drives the economy. Recently the discourse of the government to relocate the capital city has invited various reactions from the community. Therefore, in this study, sentiment analysis of the relocation of the capital city was carried out. The analysis was performed by doing a classification to describe the public sentiment sourced from twitter data, the data is classified into 2 classes, namely positive and negative sentiments. The algorithms used in this study include Naïve Bayes classifier, logistic regression, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbor. The results of the performance evaluation algorithm showed that support vector machine outperformed as compared to 3 algorithms with the results of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-measure are 97.72%, 96.01%, 99.18%, and 97.57%, respectively. Sentiment analysis of the discourse of relocation of the capital city is expected to provide an overview to the government of public opinion from the point of view of data coming from social media. 

The reproduction and larval development of Nereis fucata (Savigny)

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Brown-Gilpin
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

The wide variety of reproductive patterns and behaviour in the many species of Nereidae already studied clearly justifies further research. But the life history of Nereis fucata (Savigny) is not only of interest from the comparative point of view. Its commensal habit (it occurs within shells occupied by hermit crabs) immediately gives it a special importance. This alone warrants a detailed study, particularly as no commensal polychaete has yet been reared through to metamorphosis and settlement on its host (Davenport, 1955; Davenport & Hickok, 1957). The numerous interesting problems which arise, and the experimental methods needed to study them, are, however, beyond the range of a paper on nereid development. It is therefore proposed to confine the present account to the reproduction and development up to the time when the larvae settle on the bottom. The complete life cycle, the mechanism of host-adoption, and related topics, will be reported in later papers.

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