Validity of classical coupled oscillators model for elucidating surface plasmon effects on optical scattering by silver nanocylinders

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650006
Author(s):  
Fransiska R. Widiasari ◽  
Alexander A. Iskandar ◽  
May-On Tjia
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Coupled Oscillators ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Spectral Profile ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spectral Profiles ◽  
Cross Section Profile

A study is conducted to examine the possibility of explaining the spectral features TE wave scattered by a single and two silver nanocylinders on the basis of a classical coupled oscillators model. The two oscillators representing the nanocylinder are specified by separate eigen frequencies and damping factors with a coupling constant between them, while the influences of the incoming wave on the oscillators are represented by separate driving forces. The validity of the model is examined by the quality of fitting and its resulted spectral profiles with those calculated from the exact formulation of Mie theory. In the case of a single nanocylinder, excellent fit of [Formula: see text] is found for cylinder radius ranging from 20[Formula: see text]nm to 40[Formula: see text]nm. The best fitted parameters show that the so-called dark oscillator has a narrow spectral profile representing the contribution of surface plasmon resonance while the other so-called bright oscillator has a broad spectral profile that can be associated with the contribution of the slowly-varying scattered background. For scattering by two nanocylinders with separation [Formula: see text], excellent fits are also obtained for wide range of [Formula: see text] from 15[Formula: see text]nm to 100[Formula: see text]nm by introducing Lorentzian-like dispersive coupling between the dark oscillators for both incident light normal and along the axis connecting the cylinders. This study has thus demonstrated the roles of surface plasmon and the plasmonic interactions for the appearance of Fano-like asymmetric cross-section profile.

Nanografting of Polymer Brushes on Gold Substrate by RAFT-RIGP

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Bin Jeremiah D. Barba ◽  
Patricia Nyn L. Heruela ◽  
Patrick Jay E. Cabalar ◽  
John Andrew A. Luna ◽  
Allan Christopher C. Yago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range

Optical sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have made great strides in the detection of various chemical and biological analytes. A surface plasmon is a bound, non-radiative evanescent wave generated as resonant electrons on a metal–dielectric surface to absorb energy from an incident light. As analytes bind to a functionalized metal substrate, the refractometric response generated can be used for quantitation with great selectivity, sensitivity, and capacity for label-free real-time analysis. Polymer nanobrushes are ideal recognition elements because of their greater surface area and their wide range of functional versatility. Here, we introduce a simple “grafting-from” method to covalently attach nanometer-thick polymer chains on a gold surface. Nanografting on gold-coated BK-7 glass was performed in two steps: (1) self-assembly of organosulfur compounds; and (2) RAFT-mediated radiation-induced graft polymerization (RAFT-RIGP) of polyglycidyl methacrylate (PGMA). Surface modification was monitored and verified using FTIR and SPR. Layer-by-layer thickness calculated based on Winspall 3.02 simulation fitted with experimental SPR curves showed successful self-assembly of 1-dodecanethiol (DDT) monolayer with thickness measuring 1.4 nm. These alkane chains of DDT served as the graft initiation sites for RAFT-RIGP. Nanografting was controlled by adjusting the absorbed dose in the presence of chain transfer agent, 4-cyano-4-(phenylcarbonothioylthio)pentanoic acid. The molecular weight of grafted polymers measuring 2.8 and 4.3 kDa corresponded to a thickness increase of 3.6 and 7.9 nm, respectively. These stable nanografted gold substrates may be further functionalized for sensing applications.

Toward the Interpretation of Electroreflectance Spectral Profiles: Hemin Adsorbed on an HOPG Electrode Revisited

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamasa Sagara ◽  
Hidekazu Murase ◽  
Masaharu Komatsu ◽  
Naotoshi Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Optical Model ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Spectral Feature ◽  
Experimental Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Profile ◽  
Spectral Profiles ◽  
The Difference

The features of the potential-modulated UV-visible reflectance (electroreflectance) spectrum at an electrode/solution interface are discussed by comparing experimental and simulated spectra. At a basal plane of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrode covered with a molecular layer of hemin in 0.1 M Na2B4O7 aqueous solution, the electroreflectance signal was confirmed to be proportional to the amount of adsorbed hemin interconverted between oxidized and reduced forms. The electroreflectance spectrum in response to p-polarized incident light depended little on the incident angle, and the spectral profile was different from the difference absorption spectrum between oxidized and reduced hemin in solution phase. The spectral feature of the simulated electroreflectance spectrum with the use of Fresnel equations for a stratified three-phase optical model with a thin-layer approximation was markedly different from the experimental spectrum in regard to spectral profile and incident angle dependence. These results may suggest that refinement of the optical model to predict the reflectance spectrum at an electrode surface covered with a molecular layer is necessary for the interpretation of electroreflectance spectral profiles.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

A reflection of the polyethnic phenomenon in the Slovak novel of the 21 st century

2019 ◽  
pp. 462-471
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Shirokova
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Jewish Family ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Provincial Society ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Middle Generation ◽  
Artistic Quality

The historical polyethnicity of the Slovak society and the connected problems of the interrelations of cultures, ethics, interpersonal relations, are reflected in the works of modern Slovak prose. They are represented most clearly in the novels of middle generation writers P. Rankov, S. Lavrík, P. Krištúfek. They dwell upon the dramatical events of the 20 th century. They cover wide range problems, from the fruitful coexistence of various ethnic groups and their representatives to national contradictions and racial repressions. The artistic quality of the mentioned works, their composition, the way of narrating, the type of the main character, can be highly evaluated. For example, in a novel by P. Rankov the plot, in spite of its linearity, is a chain of episodes in the span of 30 years from the life of the main characters. It reflects not only their fates, but also the historical and political changes of the world they live in. The main female character of a S. Lavrík ’s novel narrates about everyday life and tragedies in the lives of the dwellers of a Slovak town in the Slovak Republic during the war. P. Krištúfek in his novel focuses on several decades from the life of a Slovak-Jewish family and dwellers of a Slovak provincial society with types and relations specific for this milieu.

Counterfeit Parts Recognition and Detection for Failure Analysts

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine V. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
3D Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electronic Parts ◽  
Testing Awareness

Abstract The electronics supply chain is being increasingly infiltrated by non-authentic, counterfeit electronic parts, whose use poses a great risk to the integrity and quality of critical hardware. There is a wide range of counterfeit parts such as leads and body molds. The failure analyst has many tools that can be used to investigate counterfeit parts. The key is to follow an investigative path that makes sense for each scenario. External visual inspection is called for whenever the source of supply is questionable. Other methods include use of solvents, 3D measurement, X-ray fluorescence, C-mode scanning acoustic microscopy, thermal cycle testing, burn-in technique, and electrical testing. Awareness, vigilance, and effective investigations are the best defense against the threat of counterfeit parts.

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

BRAFV600E MUTATION IN PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA. CLINICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Pavel Rumyantsev ◽  
Petr Nikiforovich ◽  
Andrey Poloznikov ◽  
Andrey Abrosimov ◽  
Vladimir Saenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Brafv600e Mutation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Mutation BRAFV600E is highly specific for papillary thyroid carcinoma. It’s detected in 40-70% of all papillary thyroid carcinoma cases. Moreover this mutation is noticed in anaplastic carcinoma in 40-50%.This fact gives a chance to select patients and provide targeted therapy with multi-kinase inhibitors in cases of unresectable anaplastic carcinoma. The influence of BRAF V600E mutation for response to radioactive iodine therapy requires more evidence-based research. Existing methods for determining the BRAFV600E mutation have different accuracy, availability and cost. Other methodological aspects are also associated with the sample preparation of biological material, the quality of reagents, and the cross-validation of research results. In this review, on the basis of our own experience and literature data, the indications for determining the mutation of the BRAFV600E gene in clinical practice are refined, and a comprehensive comparative analysis of modern research methods has been conducted. This review is focused on a wide range of specialists of different types: oncologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, pathologists, and biologists.

Coleridge and Contemplation

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
New Developments ◽  
English Departments ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Renaissance Man ◽  
Dynamic Quality ◽  
Philosophical Writings

In his philosophical writings, Coleridge increasingly developed his thinking about imagination, a symbolizing precursor to contemplation, to a theory of contemplation itself, which for him occurs in its purest form as a manifestation of ‘Reason’. Coleridge is a particularly challenging figure because he was a thinker in process, and something of an omnimath, a Renaissance man of the Romantic era. The dynamic quality of his thinking, the ‘dark fluxion’ pursued but ultimately ‘unfixable by thought’, and his extensive range of interests make essential an approach that is philosophical yet also multi-disciplinary. This is the first collection of essays to be written mainly by philosophers and intellectual historians on a wide range of Coleridge’s philosophical writings. With a foreword by Baroness Mary Warnock, and original essays on Coleridge and Contemplation by prominent philosophers such as Sir Roger Scruton, David E. Cooper, Michael McGhee, and Andy Hamilton, this volume provides a stimulating collection of insights and explorations into what Britain’s foremost philosopher-poet had to say about the contemplation that he considered to be the highest of the human mental powers. The essays by philosophers are supported by new developments in philosophically minded criticism from Coleridge scholars in English departments, including Jim Mays, Kathleen Wheeler, and James Engell. They approach Coleridge as an energetic yet contemplative thinker concerned with the intuition of ideas and the processes of cultivation in self and society. Other essays, from intellectual historians and theologians, clarify the historical background, and ‘religious musings’, of Coleridge’s thought regarding contemplation.

Oxford Studies in Agency and Responsibility Volume 6

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Moral Testimony ◽  
Quality Of Will ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standing To Blame

This is the sixth volume of Oxford Studies in Agency and Responsibility. The papers were drawn from the fourth biennial New Orleans Workshop in Agency and Responsibility (NOWAR), held November 2–4, 2017. The essays cover a wide range of topics relevant to agency and responsibility: the threat of neuroscience to free will; the relevance of resentment and guilt to responsibility; how control and self-control pertain to moral agency, oppression, and poverty; responsibility for joint agency; the role and conditions of shame in theories of attributability; how one might take responsibility without blameworthy quality of will; what it means to have standing to blame others; the relevance of moral testimony to moral responsibility; how to build a theory of attributabiity that captures all the relevant cases; and how thinking about blame better enables us to dissolve a dispute in moral philosophy between actualists and possibilists.

scholarly journals Recent trends in smartphone-based detection for biomedical applications: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 413 (9) ◽  
pp. 2389-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumyabrata Banik ◽  
Sindhoora Kaniyala Melanthota ◽  
Arbaaz ◽  
Joel Markus Vaz ◽  
Vishak Madhwaraj Kadambalithaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Food Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Interventions ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractSmartphone-based imaging devices (SIDs) have shown to be versatile and have a wide range of biomedical applications. With the increasing demand for high-quality medical services, technological interventions such as portable devices that can be used in remote and resource-less conditions and have an impact on quantity and quality of care. Additionally, smartphone-based devices have shown their application in the field of teleimaging, food technology, education, etc. Depending on the application and imaging capability required, the optical arrangement of the SID varies which enables them to be used in multiple setups like bright-field, fluorescence, dark-field, and multiple arrays with certain changes in their optics and illumination. This comprehensive review discusses the numerous applications and development of SIDs towards histopathological examination, detection of bacteria and viruses, food technology, and routine diagnosis. Smartphone-based devices are complemented with deep learning methods to further increase the efficiency of the devices.

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