EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON MANUFACTURING METHODS OF POWDER METALLURGY COMPONENTS WITH INTEGRATED INFORMATION STORAGE

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
BERND-ARNO BEHRENS ◽  
NAJMEH VAHED ◽  
EDIN GASTAN ◽  
FABIAN LANGE
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Data Carrier ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sintering Processes

This paper presents a research work within Collaborative Research Centre 653 "Gentelligent Components in Their Lifecycle." The term "gentelligent" refers to the genetic and intelligent character of these components. Specific data are inherently saved in the components, which are used during its lifecycle for the means of identification, processing, and reproduction. The present study aims at the development of a method to manufacture and utilize gentelligent sintered parts. As data carrier, foreign materials shaped in fonts, logos, or codes are embedded in the powder material proceeded by pressing and sintering processes. The foreign material can be applied in forms of particles or compound powder. The information read-out is based on radiographic methods. The objectives of the investigations are the determination of the process parameters of each method and the impact of the integrated foreign materials on the mechanical properties of the component. The experimental studies are supported by numerical simulations.

Manufacturing Method of PM Components with Integrated Information Storage

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Arno Behrens ◽  
Najmeh Vahed ◽  
Edin Gastan ◽  
Fabian Lange
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sintering Processes

This paper presents a research work within Collaborative Research Centre 653 “Gentelligent Components in Their Lifecycle”. The term “gentelligent” refers to the genetic and intelligent character of these components. Specific data are inherently saved in the components which are used during its lifecycle for the means of identification, processing and reproduction. The presented study aims for the development of a method to manufacture and utilize gentelligent sintered parts. As data carrier, foreign materials shaped in fonts, logos or codes, are embedded in the powder material proceeded by pressing and sintering processes. The foreign material can be applied in forms of particles or compound powder. The information read-out is based on radiographic methods. The objectives of the investigations are the determination of the process parameters of each method and the impact of the integrated foreign materials on the mechanical properties of the component. The experimental studies are supported by numerical simulations.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FIRE PARTITIONS FOR SPEED FIRE DISTRIBUTION IN CLOSED PREMISES OF PRODUCTION AND STORAGE FACILITIES

Fire Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
E. Hulida ◽  
V. Sharуу
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Fire Load ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Facilities

Introduction. Fires in closed premises of production and storage facilities are the most dangerous, because they hold large areas with a significant fire load. The current direction of providing a fire safety system at production and storage facilities in closed premises is to eliminate the conditions of the rapid development of fire and minimizing its effect through the use of fire curtains. This method of fire protection is practically not used in closed premises of production and storage facilities at the present stage. In most cases, fire partitions are used in such situations. Therefore, a topic issue today is the research of limiting the development of fires with the use of fire partitions and minimizing fire effects.Purpose. Investigate the process of spreading the fire in closed premises of production and storage facilities by using fire partitions to limit the speed of fire spread. Problem statement and solution. The following tasks must be solved to provide fire protection of production and storage facilities:1. to investigate the process of fire spread in closed premises of production and storage facilities without the use of fire partitions;2. to investigate the impact of fire partitions use on fire rate.Two possible modes of development fire in the premises are considered to solve the first problem: 1) with the presence of sufficient air (oxygen), with fire occurred in regulated fire load; 2) with insufficient air (oxygen), with fire occurred in regulated ventilation.It is necessary to choose the material and fire partition design accordingly to solve the second problem. The results of experimental studies [11] showed that fire partitions vermiculite-silicate plates can be used for various building structures manufacturing. Closed production and storage facilities structure analysis showed that these premises are constructed in most cases with a grid of columns 9Х12 m.Conclusions and proposals:1) There is only the first mode of fire with sufficient oxygen (air) in closed premises of production and storage facilities with a total area of more than 5000 m2 in the process of fire. The fire that occurred is regulated only by the fire load.2) The use of fire partitions between sections of the premises of production and storage facilities reduces the probability of fire spreading in the premises by about 3 times.3) It is necessary to continue research work in this direction to obtain more significant results of the process of development and spread of fire in the premises of production and storage facilities.

Changes in the Parameters of the Electromagnetic Response of Model Dielectric Samples with Air Cavity Defects under External Deterministic Acoustic Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
D.D. Dann ◽  
◽  
M.V. Petrov ◽  
P.I. Fedotov ◽  
E.A. Sheveleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Electromagnetic Response ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Acoustic Excitation ◽  
Ball Impact ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Air Cavities ◽  
The Impact

The paper discusses the possibility of testing the air inclusions saturation in cement-sand samples using the acoustic-electrical transformations phenomenon in heterogeneous dielectric materials. An experiment technique is presented including contact external acoustic excitation and contactless registration of the electromagnetic response to such an impact. Methods of samples deterministic acoustic excitation by a ball impact and the experimental determination of the impact energy are described. The model samples size and composition are described, including air cavities in a polyethylene sheath. The experimental studies geometry is shown, indicating the direction of the samples acoustic excitation and the location of the electromagnetic receiving plates. It is shown that the defect-free samples and with air cavities, have different amplitude and frequency of the electromagnetic signals spectral components. The samples with air cavities have the average weight of the EMS spectrum changes towards lower frequencies. This frequency shift effectively reflects the concentration of air cavities defects in a cement-sand samples and this effect can be used when testing concrete products for the presence of air inclusions, and, accordingly, will allow determining the frost resistance of products.

scholarly journals Material and Structural Modeling Aspects of Brain Tissue Deformation under Dynamic Loads

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ratajczak ◽  
Mariusz Ptak ◽  
Leszek Chybowski ◽  
Katarzyna Gawdzińska ◽  
Romuald Będziński
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Material Modeling ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Dynamic Loading Conditions ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The aim of this work was to assess the numerous approaches to structural and material modeling of brain tissue under dynamic loading conditions. The current technological improvements in material modeling have led to various approaches described in the literature. However, the methods used for the determination of the brain’s characteristics have not always been stated or clearly defined and material data are even more scattered. Thus, the research described in this paper explicitly underlines directions for the development of numerical brain models. An important element of this research is the development of a numerical model of the brain based on medical imaging methods. This approach allowed the authors to assess the changes in the mechanical and geometrical parameters of brain tissue caused by the impact of mechanical loads. The developed model was verified through comparison with experimental studies on post-mortem human subjects described in the literature, as well as through numerical tests. Based on the current research, the authors identified important aspects of the modeling of brain tissue that influence the assessment of the actual biomechanical response of the brain for dynamic analyses.

scholarly journals Experimental research of the air permeability of concrete in the compressed zone of the containment for power units no. 1, 2 of the South-Ukrainian NPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Ia. A. Zhygalov ◽  
◽  
V. V. Inyushev ◽  
V. O. Posokh ◽  
S. A. Vyzhva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Design Basis ◽  
Design Basis Accident ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Maximum Design

The determination of the air permeability of concrete in the compressed zone of NPP’s containment under conditions of excessive air pressure in the subshell space of the reactor compartment under a maximum design basis accident is necessary to confirm the localizing functions of the containment when extending the lifetime of power units. Approaches to determining the localizing ability (air permeability) of concrete in the compressed zone of the containment of NPPs with WWER-1000 type reactors under the impact of excessive air pressure under conditions of maximum design basis accident are discussed in the article. The designed testing installation for experimental studies of the air permeability of concrete by the method of stationary radial filtration is described and the results of experimental researches of the air permeability on the installation are presented for samples simulating the composition of concrete used under construction of the containment for Power Units No. 1, 2 (series B-302 and B-338, respectively) SD “South-Ukrainian NPP”. A comparative analysis of the results of abovementioned experimental researches with the results of experimental and theoretical work on the study of air permeability of the similar samples-imitators of concrete by the method of stationary linear filtration, as well as the results of measurements for samples of concrete sampled directly from the compressed zone of containment for Power Unit No. 2 of SD “South-Ukrainian NPP” was fulfilled. The results are explained by processes of compaction of the concrete structure under a complex stress state that occurs under specific hardening conditions and during longtime compression by pre-stressed reinforcing ropes, which takes place under conditions of real containment operation. It was concluded that the simulators made according to the currently accepted technology cannot provide a correct determination of the localizing ability of the NPP’s containment, since the conditions and time of containment concrete hardening, as well as the longtime constant compressive action of reinforcing ropes, cannot be correctly modeled in full under the formation of samples-imitators. The issue of the containment concrete samplesimitators creating in laboratory conditions requires additional study, improvement of technology and the development of new approaches with maximum physical modeling of the conditions characteristic of the operation of the NPP containment.

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS OF ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF USE OF SMOKE AND HEAT REMOVAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
S Semichaevskiy ◽  
V Prisyazhnuk ◽  
M Yakimenko ◽  
M Osadchuk ◽  
O Kurtov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Time ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Rescue Work ◽  
Temperature Reduction ◽  
Reduction Coefficient ◽  
Functional Layout

The results of the experimental studies on the determination of the smoke reduction coefficient and the temperature reduction coefficient during the implementation of three variants of gas-air environment normalization in the test box are presented, namely during the creation of a smoky and high-temperature environment and subsequent self-reduction of the smoke time. smoke and heat removal by injection of air and by simultaneous supply of air and sprayed at the water jet to the test box using portable portable smoke and heat removal. A large number of firefighting cases are associated with the hazardous effects on the personnel of hazardous fire factors. In particular, the effects of high temperatures and smoke greatly complicate rescue work and firefighting. An important tactical way to reduce such an impact on the personnel of the fire and rescue units is to control the flue streams of the fire by means of portable means of smoke and heat removal, which are functionally intended for local increase of air pressure by injection of air into the area of ​​work of personnel or removal of products from the mountains. fire conditions for normalization of temperature and air environment. At present, there are almost no portable means of smoke and heat removal in the fire-fighting units of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Considering that in the period from 2014 to 2018 during the firefighting and elimination of the consequences of emergencies in Ukraine, there was a tendency to increase the number of used units of gas and fire protection service from fires from 5802 to 7804 and increase their operating time from 1704 h to 2544 h. the need for widespread use of fire and rescue units and portable means of smoke and heat removal. n order to assist in solving this problem, a functional layout of a portable smoke and heat extraction type was created at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Civil Protection within the framework of the research work "Smoke and Heat Removal Means". According to the developed methodology, the experts of the institute conducted experimental studies to determine the smoke reduction coefficient and the temperature reduction coefficient in the fire room during the use of such means. The results of the experimental studies are presented in the appropriate graphs.

scholarly journals Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2205) ◽  
pp. 20200301
Author(s):  
Dmitri V. Alexandrov ◽  
Andrey Yu Zubarev
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Nonlinear Transport ◽  
The Impact

The issue, in two parts, is devoted to theoretical, computational and experimental studies of transport phenomena in various complex systems (in porous and composite media; systems with physical and chemical reactions and phase and structural transformations; in biological tissues and materials). Various types of these phenomena (heat and mass transfer; hydrodynamic and rheological effects; electromagnetic field propagation) are considered. Anomalous, relaxation and nonlinear transport, as well as transport induced by the impact of external fields and noise, is the focus of this issue. Modern methods of computational modelling, statistical physics and hydrodynamics, nonlinear dynamics and experimental methods are presented and discussed. Special attention is paid to transport phenomena in biological systems (such as haemodynamics in stenosed and thrombosed blood vessels magneto-induced heat generation and propagation in biological tissues, and anomalous transport in living cells) and to the development of a scientific background for progressive methods in cancer, heart attack and insult therapy (magnetic hyperthermia for cancer therapy, magnetically induced circulation flow in thrombosed blood vessels and non-contact determination of the local rate of blood flow in coronary arteries). The present issue includes works on the phenomenological study of transport processes, the derivation of a macroscopic governing equation on the basis of the analysis of a complicated internal reaction and the microscopic determination of macroscopic characteristics of the studied systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Transport phenomena in complex systems (part 1)’.

THE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE PUNCHING ACTION OF THE READY-MADE DAMAGE ELEMENT OF FRAGMENTATION OF HIGH-EXPLOSIVE WARHEAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
O. Obukhov ◽  
S. Usenko
Keyword(s):  
High Explosive ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Penetration Ability ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cruise Missiles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this article is the development of a method for determining the penetration capacity of ready-made elements of damage to a fragmentation and high-explosive warhead. The analysis of the existing methods of determining the penetration capacity of the damage elements indicates their inconsistency with the modern requirements for determining the power of means of destruction of combat parts of missiles, tactical and cruise missiles and aircraft bombs. Existing techniques that were proposed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries are based on the systematization of empirical research and are outdated and have a limited range of applications. Since they do not take into account the zone of contact interacting between the element of the impact and the obstacle and the critical angle of approach, which will determine the ricochet conditions. The article presents the results of the calculated determination of the penetration capacity of the ready-made damage element, taking into account the contact surface of the interaction of the damage element with the obstacle, which are obtained as a result of the calculation modelling in the Ansys Autodyn software complex. Ways to determine the penetration capacity of ready-made destruction elements of fragmentation and high-explosive warhead, taking into account their true geometric shape and excess kinetic energy are proposed in the article. The proposed technique can be used to create the penetration nomograms of the elements of the lesion. The application of computational modeling of the determination of nonograms of penetration ability will allow to abandon a large number of experimental studies with real undermining of the warhead, thereby reducing the cost and speeding up the process of creating, refining and adopting the newest samples of defeat equipment.

On Experimental Studies of Longitudinal and Flexural Wave Propagations: An Annotated Bibliography

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Al-Mousawi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flexural Wave ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Flexural Wave Propagation ◽  
The Impact

Experimental investigations in the field of longitudinal wave propagation in beams are plentiful; however, experimental studies of flexural wave propagation problems are scarce and are restricted mainly to uniform and infinite structures where the effects of reflected waves are not generally included. This review is mostly restricted to low velocity impact and does not cover the so-called high velocity impact such as those of bullets and explosives. In addition to a brief survey of classical work related to impact, this article covers publications related to experimental studies of longitudinal and flexural elastic waves due to impact. This includes the longitudinal, central as well as eccentric impact and transverse impact of two bars and the impact achieved by sphere impinging on a beam. Many workers used experimental findings to study the adequacy of various theoretical solutions of the wave propagation problem such as those by Pochhammer and Chree, Euler–Bernoulli, and the Timoshenko beam theory. The revival of interest in the recent years is due to, among other things, the advancement of experimental equipment and measurement techniques for data acquisition of stress waves and associated signals. An important application of transient waves is their use for the determination of material properties under various loading conditions and strain rates that can be studied by the split Hopkinson pressure bar techniques. The problem of longitudinal and flexural waves in bars with discontinuities of cross section are covered, and some publications on fracture of materials due to bending waves are also included. Experimental investigations demonstrate the effect of abrupt change of cross section and/or material properties on reflected and transmitted waves where reflections are to be taken into consideration when estimating the level of stresses and strains in finite beam with discontinuities. In the field of flexural wave propagation, comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results verified and validated the adequacy of the Timoshenko theory for the determination of bending strain in finite structures, a one-dimensional theory that takes into account the effect of shear deformation and rotatory inertia.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Global Scientific Research on the Environmental Impact of Food Production from 1970 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11633
Author(s):  
Alessio Cimini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Impact

Food production and consumption account for a significant share of the impact of various pressing and important environmental concerns such as climate change, eutrophication, and loss of biodiversity. In this work, a bibliometric analysis of the last 50 years of research papers, written in English and indexed on Scopus database, was carried out to highlight the evolution of the global scientific research in the environmental assessment of food production (EAFP). The research papers in EAFP started to significantly increase from 2005, being most frequently published by the Journal of Cleaner Production and International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. The United States of America was the first publishing country, followed by China, the United Kingdom, and Italy. Wheat, rice, fish, maize, and milk were the food items mainly studied, with different importance depending on the authors’ publishing country. Life Cycle Analysis, Carbon Footprint, and Water Footprint were the first three standard methods used to assess climate change, energy consumption, and environmental impact. The Wageningen University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Research Centre, and China Agricultural University were the main publishing research centers. All the papers published worldwide received 18.1 citations per paper, the UK and Chinese papers being those mostly and minimally cited, respectively. Over the last five years, this research field largely aimed to managing the agricultural practices, mitigating global warming and water use, assuring food security and sustainable food consumption, while minimizing food waste formation. Such an objective evaluation of this research topic might help guide researchers on where to address their future research work.

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