scholarly journals Mozart K.545 Mimics Mozart K.448 in Reducing Epileptiform Discharges in Epileptic Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lung-Chang Lin ◽  
Mei-Wen Lee ◽  
Ruey-Chang Wei ◽  
Hin-Kiu Mok ◽  
Hui-Chuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mozart Effect ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Epileptic Children ◽  
Effects On Children

Mozart K.448 has been shown to improve cognitive function, leading to what is known as the Mozart Effect. Our previous work reveals positive effects of Mozart K.448 in reducing epileptiform discharges in epileptic children. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Mozart K.545 and compared the effects with those of Mozart K.448 on epileptiform discharges in children with epilepsy. Thirty-nine epileptic children with epileptiform discharges were included in the study. They received electroencephalogram examinations before, during, and after listening to Mozart K.448 and K.545, one week apart, respectively. The frequencies of epileptiform discharges were compared. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of epileptiform discharges during and right after listening to Mozart K.448 and K.545 (reduced by35.7±32.7% during Mozart K.448 and30.3±44.4% after Mozart K.448; and34.0±39.5% during Mozart K.545 and31.8±39.2% after Mozart K.545). Spectrogrammatic analysis of the two pieces of music demonstrated that both share similar spectrogrammatic characteristics. Listening to Mozart K.448 and K.545 decreased the epileptiform discharges in epileptic children. This suggests that Mozart K.448 is not the only piece of music to have beneficial effects on children with epilepsy. Other music with lower harmonics may also decrease epileptiform discharges in epileptic children.

scholarly journals Benefits of VR Physical Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Kohei Sakaki ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Yutaka Matsuzaki ◽  
Toshiki Saito ◽  
Jérôme Dinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aging Populations

It is well known that physical exercise has beneficial effects on cognitive function in older adults. Recently, several physical exercise programs with virtual reality (VR) have been proposed to support physical exercise benefits. However, it is still unclear whether VR physical exercise (VR-PE) has positive effects on cognitive function in older adults. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the effects of VR-PE on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline. We used academic databases to search for research papers. The criteria were intervention study using any VR-PE, participants were older adults with and without mild cognitive decline (not dementia), and cognitive functions were assessed. We found that 6 of 11 eligible studies reported the significant benefits of the VR-PE on a wide range of cognitive functions in aging populations. The SR revealed that VR-PE has beneficial effects on the inhibition of executive functions in older adults with and without mild cognitive decline. Moreover, VR-PE selectively leads to improvements in shifting and general cognitive performance in healthy older adults. The SR suggests that VR-PE could be a successful approach to improve cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline.

scholarly journals CITICOLINE EFFICIENCY ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Cano-Cuenca ◽  
J. Solís-García del Pozo ◽  
J. Jordán
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Basic Activity

Background: Citicoline is considered an ingredient in particular foods in the USA and is available in pharmaceutical form in Europe and Japan. It has been postulated to render positive effects on the nervous system, either by increasing levels of neurotransmitters, or by affording neuroprotection. Methods: Several clinical trials have shown the efficacy and safety of this biomolecule in several neurodegenerative diseases and in acute ischemic stroke. Here, we have performed a systematic review to validate the effect of citicoline on MMSE, memory, attention, and basic activity of daily living. In electronic database searches, we found 14 randomized clinical trials reporting citicoline effects on cognitive function. Findings: A positive effect of citicoline on MMSE in acute ischemic stroke was found, which was not evidenced for Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia. On activities of daily living, citicoline failed to exert beneficial effects in patients with acute ischemic stroke or progressive cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Given the present data there is no evidence that supports advising patients with cognitive alterations to take chronic citicoline supplements.

Effects of a Group Program to Increase Cognitive Performance Through Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activities in Healthy Older Subjects

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Tesky ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Older Subjects

To investigate the effects of leisure activities on cognitive performance of healthy older subjects, an innovative intervention program was developed. Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities (i.e., reading, playing chess, or playing music) is associated with reduced risk of dementia. AKTIVA (active cognitive stimulation – prevention in the elderly) is an intervention program designed to enhance cognitive stimulation in everyday life by increasing cognitive stimulating leisure activities. The present study determines the effects of AKTIVA on cognitive function, mood and attitude toward aging in a sample of older participants from the general population. Several measurement instruments were used including the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), the Trail-Making Test (TMT), and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Initially, the sample consisted of 307 older persons (170 female, 72 ± 7 years). The intervention was evaluated with a randomized, controlled pre-post follow-up design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AKTIVA intervention (n = 126), AKTIVA intervention plus nutrition and exercise counseling (n = 84), no-intervention control group (n = 97). The AKTIVA intervention consisted of 8 weekly sessions and two booster sessions after a break of 4 months. Participation in the group program resulted in positive effects on cognitive function and attitude toward aging for subassembly groups. Older persons (≥ 75 years) showed enhanced speed of information processing (by TMT Version A) (F = 4.17*, p < .05); younger participants (< 75 years) showed an improvement in subjective memory decline (by MAC-Q) (F = 2.55*, p < .05). Additionally, AKTIVA enhanced the frequency of activities for leisure activities for subassembly groups. The results of this study suggest that the AKTIVA program can be used to increase cognitively stimulating leisure activities in the elderly. Further research is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this intervention particularly with respect to the prevention of dementia.

Physical activity and cognitive function in older persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Critical Challenge

Strategies to improve cognitive aging are highly needed. Among those, promotion of exercise and physical activity appears as one of the most attractive and beneficial intervention. Indeed, results from basic and clinical studies suggest that exercise and physical activity have positive effects on cognition in older persons without cognitive impairment, as well as in those with dementia. Despite inconsistent results, aerobic exercise appears to have the strongest potential to enhance cognition. However, even limited periods of walking (45 minutes, three times a week, over a 6-month period) have also been shown to enhance cognition, particularly executive functions. Changing long-term lifestyle habits in these older persons remains a critical challenge and attractive programs susceptible to gain adherence are needed to succeed in achieving improved cognitive aging.

scholarly journals Effects of Evocative Audio-Visual Installations on the Restorativeness in Urban Parks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8328
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Masullo ◽  
Luigi Maffei ◽  
Aniello Pascale ◽  
Vincenzo Paolo Senese ◽  
Simona De Stefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

Road traffic noise is responsible for several negative health effects for citizens in modern cities. Inside urban parks, which citizens use for social inclusion and cohesion, psychological and physical restoration, and physical activities, road traffic noise may significantly reduce the potential of these places to induce or enhance well-being. Although access restriction schemes and screens could be effective solutions to limit noise inside urban park areas, preserving their potential regenerative role may engender mobility, social, aesthetic, and architectural issues. Due to the positive effects that natural elements and water sounds can have on human perception, and based on the previous findings of the beneficial effects of audio-visual installations, this paper investigates the possibility of using audio-visual installations that simply evoke some natural features to improve the restoration of individuals inside urban parks. The study has been carried out using immersive virtual environments in two different experimental laboratory sessions in Hong Kong (China) and Aversa (Italy). The results showed that the positive effects provided by evocative installations were similar to those provided by traditional installations. Furthermore, the effects on the restoration increased as the installations became larger and included enveloping shapes. Furthermore, we found that the amount of evocative water installations’ material was responsible for changes in restoration. In contrast, the Chinese groups were less influenced by these installations.

scholarly journals Nucleotide Supplementation to Whole Milk Has Beneficial Effects on Post-Weaning Holstein Calf Performance

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Yousef Abbaslou ◽  
Davood Zahmatkesh ◽  
Ehsan Mahjoubi ◽  
Mehdi Hossein Yazdi ◽  
Hamed Beiranvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Fecal Score

The positive effects of nucleotide (NU) supplementation in milk replacer have been elucidated in infants and in dairy calves; however, NU addition to whole milk has not been evaluated previously. This study aimed to assess NU supplementation in the whole milk on calf growth and health. Thirty Holstein calves (body weight: 39.1 ± 1.0 kg; 3 d after birth) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: whole milk without any supplementation (NU0), whole milk + 0.5 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS0.5), and whole milk + 1 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS1). Calves were weaned at d 55 and stayed on study until d 75. Calves had free access to feed and water throughout the study. Dry matter intakes (DMI) were similar among treatments (p > 0.05) during the pre-weaning period; however, increasing NU resulted in a linear (p < 0.05) increase in DMI during the post weaning period (2158, 2432, and 2518 g/d for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Treatments did not affect body weight (BW) at the first and second month of study, but final BW linearly increased as NU was added (87.1, 90.6, and 95.4 kg for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Neither pre-weaning average daily gain nor post-weaning average daily gain was affected by treatments; accordingly, feed efficiency was similar among treatment groups. Days with loose fecal score were linearly decreased as NU was added to whole milk during the first month of life, while the fecal score did not differ among treatments until the end of the study. No difference was observed in the skeletal growth of calves in the current study. Therefore, it can be concluded that NU supplementation in the whole milk has some beneficial effects on calf performance in terms of final BW, post-weaning DMI, and less days with loose feces.

scholarly journals The beneficial effects of physical preoperative and postoperative training for the cognitive function in cardiosurgical patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Trubnikova ◽  
I Tarasova ◽  
E Moskin ◽  
Y Argunova ◽  
D Kupriyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Preoperative Training ◽  
Cabg Patients ◽  
Cycling Training

Abstract Background and aim The cardiac surgery patients have an increased risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The positive healing effects of physical exercise was demonstrated early in patients with cognitive impairment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of physical preoperative and postoperative training for the cognitive function in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods We analyzed the neurophysiological data from 125 male coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who participated in two sub-studies: the patients with a short preoperative course of treadmill training (n=33) and with postoperative aerobic exercise training (n=92). The study of preoperative physical training included CABG-candidates, which were divided into 2 groups: with (n=17) and without training (n=16). The preoperative physical training consisted of a 5–7 day course of intensive training on a treadmill. The study with postoperative aerobic exercise training enrolled CAD patients, undergoing on-pump CABG, which were divided into 2 groups: with supervised cycling training (n=39) and without training (n=53). Three-week trainings course began on the 14-th day after CABG. The patients with and without preoperative and postoperative physical training were comparable in terms of preoperative characteristics and intraoperative parameters. The patients were underwent the neuropsychological and EEG examination to assess postoperative changes in neurophysiological performance. Results The patients with preoperative treadmill training had the POCD incidence at 7–10 days after GABG in 44% cases vs. 74% - in the group without training. The relative risk of POCD developing in the patients with preoperative training was: OR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.07–0.81, Z=2.297, p=0.02. Additionally, the patients with preoperative training demonstrated a lower power in the theta (4–6 Hz) and beta1 (13–20 Hz) frequency ranges 7–10 days after CABG. The patients with postoperative cycling training also demonstrated better cognitive function at 1 month after CABG compared to the patients without training. The incidence of POCD was 21% in the cycling training group vs. 44% – in the group without training. The relative risk of POCD developing was: OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.09–0.60, Z=3.041, p=0.0024. Also, it was found that the postoperative cycling training group showed a lower percentage theta power increase at 1 month after CABG. Conclusion Both the short preoperative and three-week postoperative physical training course can produce beneficial effects on the postoperative neurophysiological status in CABG patients. The engagement of physical training in the rehabilitation program of CABG patients can improve cognitive functioning after cardiac surgery. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): RFBR and Kemerovskaya region

scholarly journals Methodologies in the Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.): Composition, Biological Activity, and Beneficial Effects on Human Health

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Bety W. Hapsari ◽  
Manikharda ◽  
Widiastuti Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), as an edible flower, has long provided an array of positive effects on human health. This benefit is a result of phenolic compounds that are naturally present mainly in the calyx. Plentiful medicinal remedies and functional foods based on this flower are available worldwide, as supported by the studies of phenolic compounds in recent decades. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the composition, biological activity, and beneficial effects on human health of phenolic compounds in roselle. This review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A structured search in the published literature for phenolics compositions in roselle was required prior to the evaluation on the validity of the reported analytical methods. Reliable identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in roselle can be achieved by employing the proper extraction and separation methods. With ample alternative analytical methods discussed here, this review provided an aid for comprehending and selecting the most appropriate method for a particular study. The applications of the analytical methods highlighted indicated that phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their derivatives have been identified and quantified in roselle with a range of biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. It was also disclosed that the composition and concentration of phenolic compounds in roselle vary due to the growth factors, cultivars, and environmental influence. Finally, apart from the research progress carried out with roselle during the last ten years, this review also proposed relevant future works.

scholarly journals Interaction of clozapine with metformin in a schizophrenia rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Horvath ◽  
G. Kis ◽  
G. Kekesi ◽  
A. Büki ◽  
L. G. Adlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
D1 Receptor ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adjuvant Therapies ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe low efficacy of antipsychotic drugs (e.g., clozapine) for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment has led to the introduction of adjuvant therapies. Because previous data suggest the procognitive potential of the antidiabetic drug metformin, this study aimed to assess the effects of chronic clozapine and metformin oral administration (alone and in combination) on locomotor and exploratory activities and cognitive function in a reward-based test in control and a schizophrenia-like animal model (Wisket rats). As impaired dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) function might play a role in the cognitive dysfunctions observed in patients with schizophrenia, the second goal of this study was to determine the brain-region-specific D1R-mediated signaling, ligand binding, and mRNA expression. None of the treatments affected the behavior of the control animals significantly; however, the combination treatment enhanced D1R binding and activation in the cerebral cortex. The Wisket rats exhibited impaired motivation, attention, and cognitive function, as well as a lower level of cortical D1R binding, signaling, and gene expression. Clozapine caused further deterioration of the behavioral parameters, without a significant effect on the D1R system. Metformin blunted the clozapine-induced impairments, and, similarly to that observed in the control animals, increased the functional activity of D1R. This study highlights the beneficial effects of metformin (at the behavioral and cellular levels) in blunting clozapine-induced adverse effects.

scholarly journals Strawberry and Achenes Hydroalcoholic Extracts and Their Digested Fractions Efficiently Counteract the AAPH-Induced Oxidative Damage in HepG2 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ariza ◽  
Tamara Forbes-Hernández ◽  
Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez ◽  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Massimiliano Gasparrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Strawberry fruits are highly appreciated by consumers worldwide due to their bright red color, typical aroma, and juicy texture. While the biological activity of the complete fruit has been widely studied, the potential beneficial effects of the achenes (commonly named seeds) remain unknown. In addition, when raw fruit and achenes are consumed, the digestion process could alter the release and absorption of their phytochemical compounds, compromising their bioactivity. In the present work, we evaluated the protective effects against oxidative damage of nondigested and digested extracts from strawberry fruit and achenes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. For that purpose, cells were treated with different concentration of the extracts prior to incubation with the stressor agent, AAPH (2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride). Subsequently, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the percentage of live, dead, and apoptotic cells were determined. Our results demonstrated that all the evaluated fractions were able to counteract the AAPH-induced damage, suggesting that the achenes also present biological activity. The positive effects of both the raw fruit and achenes were maintained after the in vitro digestion process.

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