scholarly journals Adsorption Studies for Arsenic Removal Using ActivatedMoringa oleifera

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sumathi ◽  
G. Alagumuthu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Kinetics Studies

A new low cost adsorbent, activatedMoringa oleiferahas been developed for aqueous arsenic removal. Batch experiments were revealed that As removal was up to 71.3% using activatedMoringa oleifera. Kinetics studies revealed that Langmuir isotherm was followed with a better correlation than the Freundlich isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters such asΔH,ΔS, andΔGwere computed from the experimental data. These values show that the adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Thus, this recently developed cost-effective novel biosorbent, activatedMoringa oleiferacan be used as household level to mitigate the arsenic problem.

A contribution to solve the arsenic problem in groundwater of Ganges Delta by in-situ treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2009-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rott ◽  
H. Kauffmann
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Manganese Removal ◽  
Arsenic In Groundwater ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

Arsenic in groundwater is a huge problem in numerous regions of the world. Many people are exposed to high arsenic concentrations and consequently risk getting ill or even die as a result of arsenic poisoning. There are several efficient technologies for the removal of arsenic but often these methods have disadvantages, e.g. high costs for installation and/or operation, the need for chemicals or the production of arsenic contaminated filter sludge. These disadvantages can make the application difficult, especially in poor regions. Under suitable ancillary conditions the subterranean (in-situ) treatment, which is often used for iron and manganese removal from groundwater, can also be applied for the removal of arsenic and can be a cost-effective treatment technology. A field trial was carried out with a low-cost in-situ treatment plant in West Bengal/India which is described in this paper, in order to investigate whether this treatment technology is also applicable under the boundary conditions there. As for the in-situ treatment technology besides oxygen no additives are required and no arsenic contaminated filter sludge is produced this technology could be a suitable method for arsenic removal especially in poor regions.

TREATMENT OF TEXTILE WASTE WATER AND SORPTION OF LEAD USING CHITOSAN FROM BIO-WASTE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
K.F.K. Oyedeko ◽  
A.S. Akinyanju ◽  
M.K. Lasisi ◽  
R.J. Patinvoh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Textile Waste Water

Textile effluent contains different organic and inorganic pollutants, among these are COD and heavy metals such as lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadium (Cd), and copper (Cu) used for the production of color pigments. In this study the adsorption capacity of chitosan produced from snail shells as an adsorbent for the treatment of textile effluent and for the removal of lead (Pb2+) from waste water carried out. Batch experiments were performed to study the treatment of textile waste water and the adsorption of lead Pb2+ion unto chitosan. The effect of various experimental parameters (adsorbent dose, contact time and temperature) was studied, and optimal conditions were determined. Batch adsorption study on textile waste water showed 96.9 % COD removal was achieved for carbon dosage of 15mg carbon/100ml of textile wastewater solution. The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Elovich, Florry Huggins, Jovanovic, Harkin Jura and Dubinin–Radushkevich (DRK) adsorption models. Freundlich isotherm yielded the best fit to the experimental equilibrium adsorption data with a correlation coefficient (R2 ) of 0.991. The adsorption intensity is 1.68. This was closely followed by Langmuir Isotherm with a correlation coefficient (R2 ) of is 0.943. The maximum monolayer coverage (Qo) from Langmuir isotherm model was determined to be 50.51mg/g, KL (Langmuir isotherm constant) is 0.00374L/mg, RL (the separation factor) is 0.217 indicating that the equilibrium sorption was favorable. Adsorption kinetics data for sorption of Pb2+ion unto chitosan were analyzed using the pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intra particle diffusion models. The results indicated that the adsorption kinetic data were best described by pseudo secondorder model. For the thermodynamic studies, the enthalpy change, ΔH°, and the entropy change, ΔS°, for the adsorption processes are -18.10 kJ/mol and -0.0652KJ/mol K respectively. The free energy, ΔG° for the process are 2186.39 J/mol, 3071.761 J/mol, 3689.615J/mol and 4153.032 J/mol at 303K, 313K, 323 K and 333K respectively. The results of thermodynamic parameters evaluated showed that the process was non spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The results show that chitosan can be used as an alternative low-cost adsorbent for treatment of textile effluent and the removal of COD and lead from wastewater.

scholarly journals Enhancing arsenic removal from groundwater at household level with naturally occurring iron

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Kumari Sharma ◽  
Sabrina Sorlini ◽  
Barbara Marianna Crotti ◽  
Maria Cristina Collivignarelli ◽  
Jens Christian Tjell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Basic Solution ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
High Concentrations

A supply of drinking water low in Arsenic (As) prevents arsenic poisoning. The presence of high concentrations of iron (Fe) in groundwater under the alluvial plains of the large rivers in Southeast Asia is a prerequisite for the simple removal of As. This study investigated the mechanisms and possibilities for enhancing As removal with naturally occurring Fe in a reliable, low cost and sustainable way. The results of the study show that As removal with Fe is greatly enhanced by the addition of an oxidizing agent (preferably KMnO4) immediately after the pumping of groundwater. Further enhancement of As removal in the presence of Fe can be achieved by adding a small volume of a concentrated basic solution of MnO4- and AlO2-, which has a combined oxidation, coagulation and buffering capacity. Best results were obtained when this solution was mixed with the groundwater immediately after its pumping until a pale pink color appeared. Maximum required reaction time was 10 minutes and subsequent filtration of the water was able to reduce the As concentration to near zero. Concentrations of MnO4- and AlO2- can be varied in the solution to achieve sufficient As removal to suit different Fe/As ratios and the presence of interfering co-occurring anions.

Adsorption of Toluene Using Low Cost Adsorbent

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassim H. Hameed ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohamed ◽  
Hui Ying Chong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Key Words Toluene ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Models

Kertas kerja ini membincangkan tentang kecekapan penjerap yang lebih murah, iaitu tayar getah terbuang (DRT), dalam menyingkirkan toluena daripada fasa akuas. Penjerapan toluena pada tayar getah terbuang dikaji menggunakan sistem berkelompok pada suhu 25°C dan 30°C. Daripada kajian ini, didapati toluena dapat disingkirkan sehingga 70% dengan menggunakan julat kepekatan awalan antara 50 mg/l hingga 300 mg/l. Dengan menggunakan model keseimbangan terlelurus, iaitu model Langmuir dan Freundlich, keupayaan penjerapan maksimum dapat ditentukan. Daripada data eksperimen, terbukti bahawa walaupun kedua–dua model isoterma Langmuir dan Freundlich boleh menjelaskan data isoterma, tetapi penjerapan toluena pada DRT dapat ditunjukkan dengan lebih baik oleh isoterma Freudlich. Bagi nilai K Freundlich, keupayaan penjerapan ialah 6.6374 mg/l dan 7.7535 mg/l, pada suhu 25°C dan 30°C. Nilai eksponen n Freudlich adalah lebih daripada satu untuk kedua–dua suhu. Kata kunci: Toluena, penjerapan, isoterma, tayar getah terbuang, model isoterma Langmuir, model isoterma Freundlich This paper discusses the effectiveness of a less expensive adsorbent, a discarded rubber tyre (DRT) in removing toluene from aqueuos phase. Adsorption of toluene on a DRT has been studied by using batch system at 25 and 30°C. It was found that up to 70% of toluene was removed for the range of toluene initial concentrations studied between 50–300 mg/l. Using linearized forms of equilibrium models, namely Langmuir and Freundlich models, the maximum adsorptive capacities were determined. It was evident from the experimental data that, although both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could describe the isotherm data, the adsorption of toluene on a DRT was described well by the Freundlich isotherm. For Freundlich K values, sorption capacities were 6.6374 and 7.7535 mg/l at 25 and 30°C, respectively. The values of Freundlich exponent n were greater than one for both temperatures. Key words: Toluene, adsoprtion, isotherms, discarded rubber tyre, Langmuir isotherm model, Freundlich isotherm model

scholarly journals Estimation of Building Thermal Performance Using Simple Sensors and Air Conditioners

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Sakuma ◽  
Nishi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency

Energy and environmental problems have attracted attention worldwide. Energy consumption in residential sectors accounts for a large percentage of total consumption. Several retrofit schemes, which insulate building envelopes to increase energy efficiency, have been adapted to address residential energy problems. However, these schemes often fail to balance the installment cost with savings from the retrofits. To maximize the benefit, selecting houses with low thermal performance by a cost-effective method is inevitable. Therefore, an accurate, low-cost, and undemanding housing assessment method is required. This paper proposes a thermal performance assessment method for residential housing. The proposed method enables assessments under the existing conditions of residential housings and only requires a simple and affordable monitoring system of power meters for an air conditioner (AC), simple sensors (three thermometers at most), a BLE beacon, and smartphone application. The proposed method is evaluated thoroughly by using both simulation and experimental data. Analysis of estimation errors is also conducted. Our method shows that the accuracy achieved with the proposed three-room model is 9.8% (relative error) for the simulation data. Assessments on the experimental data also show that our proposed method achieved Ua value estimations using a low-cost system, satisfying the requirements of housing assessments for retrofits.

POTENTIAL OF HIGH QUALITY LIMESTONE AS ADSORBENT FOR IRON AND MANGANESE REMOVAL IN GROUNDWATER

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azliza Akbar ◽  
Hamidi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohd Nordin Adlan
Keyword(s):  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Groundwater Sample ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Fe And Mn

Adsorption using low cost of media plays more attention to this current research. Previous literature found that high quality of limestone was effective in removing heavy metals in water and wastewater. In this study, the potential use of limestone media was investigated. Groundwater sample and limestone properties were characterized to determine the physical and chemical composition. The batch experiments were conducted to determine the effect of varied dosage and contact time.   Analysis on isotherm and kinetic was carried out in this study. Batch study results showed that the maximum removal of both Fe and Mn was greater than 95 and 80% respectively which occurs at optimum dosage of 40g. Moreover, the optimum contact time of Fe and Mn was 90 and 120 minutes, respectively. At the optimum contact time, 96.8% of Fe and 87.4 % of Mn was removed using limestone adsorbent media. In isotherm study, the result revealed that Langmuir isotherm fitted the experimental data better than Freundlich isotherm for both Fe and Mn adsorption. In Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity for both Fe and Mn were 0.018mg/g and 0.011mg/g. Based on kinetic study, the removal of Fe and Mn followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model which R2 (>0.99) greater than in pseudo-first order. This indicates that the chemisorption is the mechanism of adsorption, which contributed to the Fe and Mn removal from the groundwater sample. Thus, from these results, limestone could be used as an alternative for the removal of Fe and Mn from groundwater

Research on the Removal Effect of Acidic Wastewater Containing Copper by Steel Slag

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Li Chao An
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Second Order Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Adsorbate Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Acidic Wastewater

Steel slag which is a byproduct of the steelmaking process was found to be a low cost and promising adsorbent for the removal of Copper from acidic wastewater. Batch experiments were conducted to study the main parameters such as dosage of adsorbent, particle size initial adsorbate concentration, contact time, kinetic, and pH solution on the sorption of Copper (II) by steel slag. By using linear Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, the equilibrium adsorption capacity of steel slag for Copper was determined. The adsorption kinetics studies indicated that the data followed the second-order reaction with R2of 0.99. The study is aimed at research the potential of a novel use of steel slag for the treatment of wastewaters contaminated with heavy metals.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera (drumstick tree) seed coagulant protein (MoCP) binds cadmium - preparation and characterization of nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Konada R. S. Reddy ◽  
Vinay Kumar ◽  
Majeti N. V. Prasad ◽  
Nadimpalli S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Drumstick Tree ◽  
Tree Seed

Abstract Moringa oleifera is grown globally. It is a multipurpose tree and the seeds are rich in phytochemicals with antimicrobial activities. The crude powder of seeds clarify the turbid and metal contaminated water. M. oleifera (drumstick tree) seed coagulant protein (MoCP) was isolated to homogeneity from the crude extracts by carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography (CMC) and gel filtration. The molecular weight of the protein on gel filtration was 13 kDa and in SDS-PAGE it migrated as a single band under reducing conditions with molecular mass of 6.5 kDa (dimeric). Immobilized MoCP selectively binds cadmium from aqueous solutions (pH 2.0-7.0) with maximum binding at pH 6.0 in 180 min when tested at 10-600 minutes. It also bound the metal in the concentration range of 30-70mgL-1. The adsorption kinetics was better described by pseudo second order and the data better explained by freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir isotherm model as in Freundlich model the correlation coefficient (R2) is high and the calculated qmax is very close to the experimental qmax rather than Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, the nanoparticles of MoCP were prepared and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The authenticity of the isolated protein and the nanopraticles prepared was confirmed by specific reactivity with the MoCP antibody raised earlier in our laboratory.

scholarly journals Calcium Alginate Beads with Entrapped Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized with Methionine—A Versatile Adsorbent for Arsenic Removal

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Surbhi Lilhare ◽  
Sunitha B. Mathew ◽  
Ajaya K. Singh ◽  
Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Transmission Electron

A novel beads adsorbent, consisting of calcium alginate entrapped on magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with methionine (MFMNABs), was developed for effective elimination of arsenic from water. The material was characterized by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopic), XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). The arsenic removal capacity of the material was studied by altering variables such as pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose and adsorbate concentration. The maximal removal of As(III) was 99.56% under optimal conditions with an equilibrium time of 110 min and pH 7.0–7.5. The adsorption followed a second order kinetics and data best fitted the Langmuir isotherm with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9890 and adsorption capacity (qm) of 6.6533 mg/g. The thermodynamic study showed entropy change (∆S) and enthalpy change (∆H) to be 34.32 J mol−1 K and 5.25 kJ mol−1, respectively. This study proved that it was feasible to treat an As(III) solution with MFMNABs. The synthesized adsorbent was cost-effective, environmentally friendly and versatile, compared to other adsorbents. The adsorption study was carried by low cost spectrophotometric method using N- bromosuccinimide and rhodamine-B developed in our laboratory.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Rapid Removal of Arsenic in an Electrocoagulation Reactor with Hybrid Fe/Al Electrodes: Process Optimization Using CCD and Kinetic Modeling

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Ullah Khan ◽  
Izharul Haq Farooqi ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Farrukh Basheer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

Threats due to insufficient, inadequate and costlier methods of treating contaminants such as arsenic have emphasized the significance of optimizing and managing the processes adopted. This study was aimed at the complete elimination of arsenic from an aqueous medium with minimum energy consumption using the electrocoagulation process. Arsenic removal around 95% was rapidly attained for optimized conditions having a pH of 7, 0.46 A current intensity, 10 mg/L initial concentration and only 2 min of applied time duration using the energy of 3.1 watt-hour per gram of arsenic removed. Low values of applied current for longer durations resulted in the complete removal of arsenic with low energy consumption. Various hydroxide complexes including ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide assisted in the removal of arsenic by adsorption along with co-precipitation. Surface models obtained were checked and found with a reasonably good fit having high values of coefficient of determination of 0.933 and 0.980 for removal efficiency and energy consumption, respectively. Adsorption was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. Multivariate optimization proved it as a low-cost effective technology having an operational cost of 0.0974 Indian rupees (equivalent to USD 0.0013) per gram removal of arsenic. Overall, the process was well optimized using CCD based on response surface methodology.

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